Ch. 9 TCP / IP Applications

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IGMP

- Provides multi-casting support 1. Type 2. Checksum 3. Group Address 4. Source Address

POP3

- Runs on TCP port 110 - a protocol for receiving email by downloading it to your computer from a mailbox on the server of an Internet service provider.

IMAPv4

- Runs on TCP port 143 - standard email protocol that stores email messages on a mail server, but allows the end user to view and manipulate the messages as though they were stored locally on the end user's computing device(s).

Telnet

- Runs on TCP port 23 - All data is un-encrypted and enables you to access a remote computer

SMTP

- Runs on TCP port 25 - Internet standard for electronic mail (email) transmission

HTTPS

- Runs on TCP port 443

HTTP

- Runs on TCP port 80

TFTP

- Runs on UDP port 69 - Secure version of FTP

SSH

- Runs on port 22 - Encrypted transmission

FTP

- Runs on ports 21 and 20 - Not an encrypted protocol meaning user names and passwords are wide open. Old but popular for transferring files

Mutlicast

- Starts with 224. Anything - Used for video streaming

rlogon

- Uses port 513 - Long obsolete way of remotely using a computer

Ending TCP Connection

1. Client -> FIN -> Server 2. Server -> FIN/ACK-> Client 3. Client -> ACK -> Server

TCP 3 Way Handshake

1. Client -> SYN -> Sever 2. Server ->SYN/ACK-> Client 3. Client -> ACK -> Server

UDP Datagram

1. Port # To 2. Port # From 3. Length 4. Checksum 5. Data

TCP Segment

1. Port # To 2. Port # From 3. Sequence 4. ACK 5. Data

TCP

Connection oriented protocol

UDP

Connection-less protocol

netstat

Text based cmd that lists all the open ports and connections on your computer

ICMP

Works at the IP layer of TCP model. No data or ports are used. Examples include ping and arp

netstat -n

presents results numerically

netstat -a

shows all active ports

netstat -b

shows executable for every connection

netstat -r

shows local routing table on your own computer. AKA to cmd: route print

netstat -o

shows the executable and process ID (PID) for every connection


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