Chapter 10 OB PrepU Questions

A woman at 15 weeks' gestation is about to undergo amniocentesis. Which nursing intervention should be made first? A. Obtain a signed consent form. B. Have the client void. C. Place the client in supine position. D. Observe the fetal heart rate monitor.

A. Obtain a signed consent form.

Cystic fibrosis is an example of which type of inheritance? A. autosomal dominant B. autosomal recessive C. X-linked recessive D. multifactorial

B. autosomal recessive

The nursing student is preparing a presentation that will illustrate the various stages of fetal development. The student will label which stage as the time when the various tissues of the growing embryo begin to assume specific functions? A. pre-embryonic B. embryonic C. fetal D. post-embryonic

B. embryonic

The school nurse is presenting a lecture to adolescents to teach them how conception occurs. Which statement by the nurse would accurately describe this process? A. "Human life begins with the union of two cells: the zygote and the sperm." B. "At the time of conception, the ovum determines the sex of the baby." C. "Conception usually occurs when the ovum is in the outer third of the fallopian tube." D. "The ovum carries the Y chromosome, and the sperm carries an X or Y chromosome."

C. "Conception usually occurs when the ovum is in the outer third of the fallopian tube."

The nurse is caring for several pregnant clients in the office setting. Which client's statement would be of most concern to the nurse? A. "A few weeks before I knew I was pregnant, I took acetaminophen for a headache." B. "I smoked cigarettes daily until a few years ago, and I was able to quit." C. "I take heparin every day since I have a history of blood clots." D. "I forgot to tell you at my first prenatal appointment that I take phenytoin for seizures."

D. "I forgot to tell you at my first prenatal appointment that I take phenytoin for seizures."

A pregnant woman undergoing amniocentesis asks her nurse why the baby needs this fluid. What would be an accurate response from the nurse? A. "Amniotic fluid cushions your baby to prevent injury." B. "Amniotic fluid provides fetal blood circulation." C. "Amniotic fluid supplies the food your baby needs to grow." D. "Amniotic fluid keeps the fetus from moving freely inside it to prevent injury."

A. "Amniotic fluid cushions your baby to prevent injury."

A couple desires to undergo genetic testing for Huntington disease. The nurse recognizes that this is which type of genetic disorder? A. autosomal dominant inherited disorder B. autosomal recessive inherited disorder C. X-linked inherited disorder D. X-linked dominant inherited disorder

A. autosomal dominant inherited disorder

A nurse working in the newborn nursery hears an innocent murmur on auscultation of a 24-hour-old infant's chest. The nurse recognizes this as most likely the result of which condition? A. delayed fetal shunt closure B. dysfunctional foramen ovale C. congenital defect D. attached umbilical cord stump

A. delayed fetal shunt closure

A 45-year-old man has just been diagnosed with Huntington disease. He and his spouse are concerned about their four children. Based on the knowledge of patterns of inheritance, how will the nurse respond? A. "This disorder is carried on the X chromosome so only your female children would be affected." B. "Each of your children will have a 50% chance of inheriting the disease." C. "Both genes of a pair must be abnormal for the disorder to occur in your children." D. "Your male children are more likely to be affected than your female children."

B. "Each of your children will have a 50% chance of inheriting the disease."

A couple has just been notified that their unborn child carries a genetic disorder. The couple expresses concern that the insurance company will not cover the costs associated with the medical bills for the child. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. "The insurance company may consider it a preexisting condition since you know." B. "There are laws in place that prohibit that from happening." C. "The insurance company may ask you to change policies once the baby is born." D. "They will charge you a higher premium every month."

B. "There are laws in place that prohibit that from happening."

During which stage of fetal development is exposure to teratogens most damaging? A. pre-embryonic stage B. embryonic stage C. fetal stage D. mitosis stage

B. embryonic stage

A community health nurse is visiting a 16-year-old new mother. The nurse explains to the client and her mother the genetic screening that is required by the state's law. The client asks why it is important to have the testing done on the infant. What is the nurse's best response? A. "Genetic testing is a way to determine the rate of infectious disease." B. "It is important to test newborns for PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, and galactosemia." C. "PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, and galactosemia are conditions that could result in disability or death if untreated." D. "This testing is required and you will not be able to refuse it. It usually is free so there is no reason to refuse it."

C. "PKU, congenital hypothyroidism, and galactosemia are conditions that could result in disability or death if untreated."

A pregnant woman asks the nurse about medications taken during pregnancy and if they cross the placental barrier. What response by the nurse is appropriate? A. "Yes, all medications cross the placental barrier." B. "Medications taken during the first trimester are typically safe." C. "Some medications cross the placental barrier, so be sure to discuss medications with your provider." D. "Medications taken orally typically do not cross the placental barrier because of the gastric absorption."

C. "Some medications cross the placental barrier, so be sure to discuss medications with your provider."

A pregnant woman indicates taking prescribed tetracycline during pregnancy, without realizing it was a concern. What infant assessments will the nurse recommend be checked on an ongoing basis? A. hearing acuity B. cardiac function C. bone development D. nerve conduction

C. bone development

A client at a preconception screening appointment indicates to the nurse that she is a carrier of muscular dystrophy, an X-linked recessive trait. Her partner does not have the trait. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the implications? A. "Each time I have a child, there is a 25% chance a female child will be a carrier." B. "Because this is an X-linked recessive trait, any male children will not be affected." C. "There are more affected females than males with this particular trait." D. "There is a good chance all my future children will be affected with this trait."

A. "Each time I have a child, there is a 25% chance a female child will be a carrier."

What physiologic changes occur after birth when the cord is cut and clamped? A. The infant takes its first breath and the lungs expand to increase blood oxygen levels. B. The ductus ovale closes over the next 2 to 3 days. C. The oxygenated blood coming from the placenta is diverted around the liver through the ductus venosus. D. The placenta is immediately expelled.

A. The infant takes its first breath and the lungs expand to increase blood oxygen levels.

Which situation increases the risk of the fetal age being miscalculated? A. The woman noted bleeding during implantation. B. The woman took antibiotics during the week of conception. C. The woman was told there was an inadequate amount of Wharton jelly noted during an ultrasound. D. The woman was diagnosed with an excessive amount of amniotic fluid.

A. The woman noted bleeding during implantation.

At a prenatal checkup with a client at 7 weeks' gestation, the nurse would identify what as a normal finding? A. Quickening is detected by the mother. B. Fetal heart sounds are heard. C. Gender identity is determined with ultrasound. D. The fetus would have a startle reflex.

B. Fetal heart sounds are heard.

The nurse is providing prenatal care to a young couple who is pregnant with their first child. In what period of development would the nurse explain to the couple that most congenital defects would occur? A. the period of the zygote B. the period of the embryo C. the period of the fetus D. all periods are equally vulnerable

B. the period of the embryo

The nursing instructor is preparing a class presentation covering the various hormones and their functions during pregnancy. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly matches which function with hCG? A. provides rich blood supply to decidua B. maintains nutrient-rich decidua C. continues progesterone production by corpus luteum D. sustains life of placenta

C. continues progesterone production by corpus luteum

After teaching a class on the various structures formed by the embryonic membranes, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which structure as being formed by the ectoderm? A. lungs B. bones C. ears D. stomach

C. ears

A nurse is assessing a client, and the client asks, "I just saw my neighbor leave the office. I know she was coming in for genetic testing on the baby. Is it bad?" What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. "The baby has a genetic disorder." B. "It is never good news to have those tests." C. "You will need to ask her for those results." D. "Health care of all individuals is a private matter."

D. "Health care of all individuals is a private matter."

The nurse explains to a pregnant woman that the germ layers that develop in the embryo and become different organs and tissues consist of which layers? Select all that apply. A. ectoderm B. epithelium C. mesoderm D. endoderm E. subcutaneous

A. ectoderm C. mesoderm D. endoderm

A woman is taking vaginal progesterone suppositories during her first trimester because her body does not produce enough of it naturally. She asks the nurse what function this hormone has in her pregnancy. What should the nurse explain is the primary function of progesterone? A. maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during pregnancy B. ensures the corpus luteum of the ovary continues to produce estrogen C. contributes to mammary gland development D. regulates maternal glucose, protein, and fat levels

A. maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus during pregnancy

Which hormone(s) is secreted by the placenta during the pregnancy? Select all that apply. A. progesterone B. testosterone C. estrogen D. human chorionic gonadotropin E. prolactin

A. progesterone C. estrogen D. human chorionic gonadotropin

The nurse is providing prenatal education in the community. The nurse advises the pregnant women to check with their health care provider before what activity(ies)? Select all that apply. A. receiving immunizations B. taking over-the-counter herbs C. taking "natural" medications D. eating spicy foods E. drinking bottled water

A. receiving immunizations B. taking over-the-counter herbs C. taking "natural" medications

When educating parents on the incidence of genetically associated childhood cancers, the nurse will discuss which cancers? Select all that apply. A. retinoblastoma B. Wilms tumor C. neuroblastoma D. osteomyeloma E. acute myeloid leukemia

A. retinoblastoma B. Wilms tumor C. neuroblastoma

A nurse is conducting a presentation at a community health center about congenital malformations. The nurse describes that some common congenital malformations can occur and are recognized to be caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Which example would the nurse most likely cite? A. spina bifida B. cystic fibrosis C. color blindness D. hemophilia

A. spina bifida

The nurse is conducting a prenatal class for a group of first-time parents in the first trimester. The nurse should point out that the mother should feel the baby move by the end of which week of gestation? A. 16 weeks B. 18 weeks C. 20 weeks D. 22 weeks

C. 20 weeks

A nurse is teaching a class on genetic disorders for pregnant couples who have recently been told their unborn child has a genetic disorder. Which statement would be important for the nurse to include? A. "Genetic disorders occur at the moment an ovum and sperm fuse." B. "Genetic disorders occur when you expose yourself to harmful chemicals." C. "Genetic disorders occur because you were predestined for it." D. "Genetic disorders occur during proliferation of cell growth.

A. "Genetic disorders occur at the moment an ovum and sperm fuse."

A nurse assesses that a 7-year-old male client has a prominent lower jaw, large ears, speech deficits, and displays hyperactivity. The nurse identifies this as being most likely related to which diagnosis? A. fragile X syndrome B. cri-du-chat syndrome C. Klinefelter syndrome D. Philadelphia syndrome

A. fragile X syndrome

A nurse is providing prenatal care to a pregnant woman. Understanding a major component of this care, the nurse would conduct a risk assessment for: A. genetic conditions and disorders. B. infant nutritional needs. C. family dynamics. D. cultural differences.

A. genetic conditions and disorders.

A young couple who underwent preconceptual genetic testing is at high risk for having a child with Down syndrome and have decided not to have children. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "If you would like to discuss this further, here is the contact information for the genetic counseling center." B. "You always have the option to adopt a child if you are really wanting to become parents." C. "The health care provider can refer you for a second opinion if you are not happy with these results." D. "To still have a child of your own, you should consider asking a friend or family member to be a surrogate."

A. "If you would like to discuss this further, here is the contact information for the genetic counseling center."

An 18-year-old pregnant woman asks the nurse why she has to have a routine alpha-fetoprotein serum level drawn. The nurse explains that this: A. is a screening test for placental function. B. tests the ability of her heart to accommodate the pregnancy. C. may reveal chromosomal abnormalities. D. measures the fetal liver function.

C. may reveal chromosomal abnormalities.

Implantation generally occurs at which place on the uterus? A. the lower anterior surface B. the upper posterior surface C. directly over the cervical os D. directly over an opening to a fallopian tube

B. the upper posterior surface

A fertilized ovum is known as which structure? A. fetus B. zygote C. embryo D. chorion

B. zygote

A nurse is obtaining the genetic history of a pregnant client by eliciting historical information about her family members. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask? A. "Were there any instances of premature birth in the family?" B. "Is there a family history of alcohol or substance use disorder?" C. "What was the cause and age of death for deceased family members?" D. "Were there any instances of depression during pregnancy?"

C. "What was the cause and age of death for deceased family members?"

While talking with a pregnant woman who has undergone genetic testing, the woman informs the nurse that her baby will be born with Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of a: A. multifactorial inheritance. B. X-linked recessive inheritance. C. trisomy numeric abnormality. D. chromosomal deletion.

C. trisomy numeric abnormality.

A woman at 15 weeks' gestation asks the nurse what the fetus currently looks like at this stage of the pregnancy. Which response by the nurse would be most accurate? A. The fetus is covered with a white, greasy film called vernix. B. The fetus is about 15 in (38 cm) in length. C. Fingernails are present. D. Rhythmic breathing movements are occurring.

C. Fingernails are present.

A nursing instructor identifies a need for further instruction in regards to the three stages of fetal development when a nursing student makes which statement? A. "The pre-embryonic stage begins approximately 2 weeks after fertilization." B. "The embryonic stage begins approximately 2 weeks after fertilization." C. "The fetal stage begins at 9 weeks after fertilization." D. "The fetal stage ends at birth."

A. "The pre-embryonic stage begins approximately 2 weeks after fertilization."

A pregnant client is scheduled to undergo chorionic villus sampling (CVS) to rule out any birth defects. Ideally, when should this testing be completed? A. 10 to 12 weeks' gestation B. 7 to 9 weeks' gestation C. 5 to 6 weeks' gestation D. 4 to 5 weeks' gestation

A. 10 to 12 weeks' gestation

A nurse is counseling a couple who report that they are both carriers for a condition. The medical history reveals neither of them have symptoms of the condition. In the event this couple conceives a child, what is the likelihood they will have a child who will have the disorder? A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%

A. 25%

A client who has one child with a genetic disorder tells the nurse, "I told my husband I was ready to have another baby and now he does not want to be intimate with me." What is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client's husband? A. Altered sexuality pattern related to fear B. Ineffective coping related to personal issues C. Hopelessness related to increased tension D. Risk for loneliness related to lack of communication

A. Altered sexuality pattern related to fear

A nurse is teaching a prenatal class and is asked the purpose of amniotic fluid. Which statements are correct? Select all that apply. A. Amniotic fluid promotes fetal movement enhancing musculoskeletal development. B. The amount of amniotic fluid does not fluctuate throughout pregnancy. C. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid cushion the fetus from trauma. D. Amniotic fluid allows the fetal umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression. E. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid help the fetus maintain a constant body temperature.

A. Amniotic fluid promotes fetal movement enhancing musculoskeletal development. C. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid cushion the fetus from trauma. D. Amniotic fluid allows the fetal umbilical cord to be relatively free from compression. E. Sufficient amounts of amniotic fluid help the fetus maintain a constant body temperature.

A woman, who is 18 weeks' gestation, is at a follow-up appointment regarding the test results of alpha-fetoprotein testing. Which would the nurse suspect with if the woman has low levels of alpha-fetoprotein? A. Down syndrome B. myelomeningocele C. hemophilia D. fetal infection

A. Down syndrome

A couple has just learned that their unborn son has a chromosome disorder that results in an extra X chromosome. The primary care provider explains that secondary sex characteristics will not develop in this child at puberty and that his testes will remain small and produce ineffective sperm. The nurse recognizes that this child likely has: A. Klinefelter syndrome. B. Turner syndrome. C. Fragile X syndrome. D. Down syndrome.

A. Klinefelter syndrome.

A client at 38 weeks' gestation is diagnosed with placental insufficiency. Which prescription from the health care provider will the nurse anticipate? A. Prepare the client for an induction of labor. B. Discharge the client home with daily nonstress testing. C. Assess the client's blood pressure every 2 hours. D. Administer one dose of betamethasone.

A. Prepare the client for an induction of labor.

A multigravida client is concerned that she may deliver early. When asking the nurse what is the earliest her baby can be delivered and survive, which time frame would the nurse point out? A. The end of the second trimester B. The end of the first trimester C. The end of the third trimester D. The end of the fourth trimester

A. The end of the second trimester

A woman with both heart disease and osteoarthritis has come to the genetics clinic for genetic screening. What would the nurse know about these two diseases? A. They are multifactorial. B. They are a direct result of the client's lifestyle. C. They are caused by a single gene. D. They do not have a genetic basis.

A. They are multifactorial.

What purpose does amniotic fluid serve in fetal development? Select all that apply. A. To allow the fetus to move about in-utero B. Supply oxygen to the fetus C. Reservoir for fetal urine and respiratory tract secretions D. Exchange and transfer of substances E. Serves as an endocrine gland to produce hormones

A. To allow the fetus to move about in-utero C. Reservoir for fetal urine and respiratory tract secretions

A mother has come to the clinic with her 13-year-old daughter to find out why she has not started her menses. After a thorough examination and history, genetic testing is prescribed to rule out which abnormality? A. Turner syndrome B. Klinefelter's syndrome C. fragile X syndrome D. cri du chat syndrome

A. Turner syndrome

The nurse is caring for four pregnant clients. Which client will the nurse highlight for the health care provider as being at highest risk for carrying a child with a genetic abnormality? A. 38-year-old client whose partner is 43 years of age and who have a child diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome B. 36-year-old client with thalassemia whose partner is 55 years of age and who have a son with Duchenne muscular dystrophy C. 28-year-old client diagnosed with hemophilia whose partner is 38 years of age and has hypertension D. 17-year-old client diagnosed with schizophrenia whose partner is 15 years of age and has type 2 diabetes

B. 36-year-old client with thalassemia whose partner is 55 years of age and who have a son with Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Amniotic fluid is produced throughout the pregnancy by the fetal membranes. Amniotic fluid has four major functions. What is one of these functions? A. Medium in which to test organ maturity B. Physical protection C. Provide fluid to keep the fetus hydrated D. Restriction of movement

B. Physical protection

A baby is born with what the primary care provider believes is a diagnosis of trisomy 21. This means that the infant has three number 21 chromosomes. What factor describes this genetic change? A. The mother also has genetic mutation of chromosome 21. B. The client has a nondisjunction occurring during meiosis. C. During meiosis, a reduction of chromosomes resulted in 23. D. The client will have a single X chromosome and infertility.

B. The client has a nondisjunction occurring during meiosis.

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nurses about genetic discoveries and advances. When discussing this topic, the nurse would most likely include which topic area related to the potential for misuse? A. gene replacement therapy for defective genes B. individual risk profiling and confidentiality C. greater emphasis on the causes of diseases D. slower diagnosis of specific diseases

B. individual risk profiling and confidentiality

A woman is confused after finding out the ultrasound results predict a different due date for the birth of her baby. Which factor should the nurse point out is most likely the reason for the miscalculation of the fetal age? A. an error in math when calculating B. mistaking implantation bleeding for last menstrual period (LMP) C. amount of weight gain of mother in early weeks of pregnancy D. not seeking prenatal care in the beginning

B. mistaking implantation bleeding for last menstrual period (LMP)

A nurse is discussing the importance of good nutrition to a young pregnant client. The nurse would point out that the growing fetus is getting nutrition from the mother via which structure? A. decidua B. placenta C. amniotic fluid D. umbilical arteries

B. placenta

A nurse is conducting a class for a group of women who are planning on becoming pregnant. As part of the class, the nurse describes how teratogens can affect a pregnancy. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which effects that may result with the use of cocaine? Select all that apply. A. intrauterine growth restriction B. placental abruption (abruptio placentae) C. premature birth D. microcephaly E. limb malformations

B. placental abruption (abruptio placentae) C. premature birth D. microcephaly

The nurse is reviewing prenatal charts in the clinic and notes some clients report infections during their pregnancies. Which maternal infection(s) places the fetus at high risk for developmental abnormalities? Select all that apply. A. urinary tract infections B. rubella C. sinus infections D. varicella E. Zika virus

B. rubella D. varicella E. Zika virus

The pregnant client at 6 weeks' gestation asks the nurse if an ultrasound will reveal the sex of the fetus yet. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "We will be able to determine the sex of the baby today with transvaginal ultrasound." B. "We will have to wait until the baby is 8 weeks' gestation to be able to determine what the sex is." C. "We will have to wait until the baby is 16 weeks' gestation to determine what the sex is." D. "We will have to wait until the baby is 20 weeks' gestation to determine the sex of the baby."

C. "We will have to wait until the baby is 16 weeks' gestation to determine what the sex is."

The nurse is conducting an obstetrics assessment on a client at 20 weeks' gestation who is questioning the nurse about the development of the fetus. Which new occurring developments can the nurse point out to this client? A. Eyelids are open. B. Lungs are fully shaped. C. Eyebrows and scalp hair are present. D. A developed startle reflex is evident.

C. Eyebrows and scalp hair are present.

A nurse is present when a health care provider tells a couple that the results of their genetic testing came back normal. Later, the nurse notes that the completed genetic report identifies the couple positive for a genetic disorder. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse? A. Call the couple and tell them the truth. B. Do nothing; it is not the nurse's decision. C. Report it to the nursing supervisor. D. Call the medical review board.

C. Report it to the nursing supervisor.

A pregnant client and her husband have had a session with a genetic specialist. What is the role of the nurse after the client has seen a specialist? A. Identify the best decision to be taken for the client. B. Refer the client to another specialist for a second opinion. C. Review what has been discussed with the specialist. D. Refer the client for further diagnostic and screening tests.

C. Review what has been discussed with the specialist.

When describing the characteristics of the amniotic fluid to a pregnant woman, the nurse would include which information? A. It is usually an acidic fluid. B. It is composed primarily of organic substances. C. The amount gradually fluctuates during pregnancy. D. It limits fetal movement in utero.

C. The amount gradually fluctuates during pregnancy.

A client is confused concerning her fertile period each month. The nurse would educate the client by providing which information? A. The female fertility period is from Day 12 to Day 21 of her menstrual cycle. B. Fertilization can occur only if intercourse occurs on the day of ovulation. C. The window of opportunity for conception is from 3 days before to 2 days following ovulation. D. Since a sperm can only live 12 to 24 hours after ejaculation, fertility is limited to 1 day before to 1 day after ovulation.

C. The window of opportunity for conception is from 3 days before to 2 days following ovulation.

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation for a health fair illustrating the structures found during a pregnancy. Which structures should the students point out form a protective barrier around the developing fetus? A. ectoderm and amnion B. amnion and mesoderm C. chorion and amnion D. chorion and endoderm

C. chorion and amnion

Which genetic condition is caused by a small gene mutation that affects protein structure, producing hemoglobin S? A. Marfan syndrome B. hemophilia C. Tay-Sachs disease D. sickle cell anemia

D. sickle cell anemia

When educating parents on recessive genetic disease statistics, the nurse understands that which statement by the parents indicates an accurate understanding of genetic inheritance? A. "My children will have a 50/50 chance of having a genetic disease." B. "If I have four children, only one will have the disease." C. "With each child the odds of inheritance decrease significantly." D. "Each child will have a 25% chance of developing the disease."

D. "Each child will have a 25% chance of developing the disease."

A pregnant client is undergoing an amniocentesis in her third trimester and is worried why she is undergoing this procedure. Which statement by the nurse would best alleviate this client's anxieties? A. "This procedure is not very dangerous and you should not worry about it." B. "We are concerned that your baby may have some genetic disorder." C. "The doctor can explain everything to you when we are done with the procedure." D. "We want to be sure your baby's lungs are mature and this measures the development of the baby's lungs.

D. "We want to be sure your baby's lungs are mature and this measures the development of the baby's lungs.

A pregnant client who is planning to have genetic testing asks the nurse when she should schedule her amniocentesis. What should the nurse tell the client? A. 10 weeks B. 24 weeks C. 30 weeks D. 16 weeks

D. 16 weeks

A nurse is teaching a preconception class discussing the process of conception. Which information would the nurse likely include? A. Conception occurs when the sperm travels through the vagina to unite with the ovum. B. Conception occurs when a zygote travels through the vagina to meet the sperm. C. Conception occurs when an ovum passes into the uterus to unite with sperm. D. Conception occurs when an ovum passes into a fallopian tube to unite with sperm.

D. Conception occurs when an ovum passes into a fallopian tube to unite with sperm.

A nursing student is explaining to a newly pregnant woman what happens during each stage of fetal development. At which stage does the nurse inform the woman that the lungs are fully shaped? A. end of 4 weeks B. end of 8 weeks C. end of 12 weeks D. end of 16 weeks

D. End of 16 weeks

Fetal circulation differs from the circulatory path of the newborn infant. In utero the fetus has a hole connecting the right and left atria of the heart. This allows oxygenated blood to quickly pass to the major organs of the body. What is this hole called? A. Foramen venosus B. Foramen magnum C. Foramen arteriosus D. Foramen ovale

D. Foramen ovale

A couple wants to start a family. They are concerned that their child will be at risk for cystic fibrosis because they each have a cousin with cystic fibrosis. They are seeing a nurse practitioner for preconceptual counseling. What would the nurse practitioner tell them about cystic fibrosis? A. It is an autosomal dominant disorder. B. It is passed by mitochondrial inheritance. C. It is an X-linked inherited disorder. D. It is an autosomal recessive disorder.

D. It is an autosomal recessive disorder.

A nurse is caring for a couple during a prenatal clinic visit. Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suggest genetic counseling for the couple? A. The mother is from a larger family, including seven brothers and three sisters. B. This is the second marriage for the 48-year old father. C. The mother expresses concern about her stepchildren accepting the baby. D. The mother just turned 39 years of age.

D. The mother just turned 39 years of age.

A group of nursing students are preparing a presentation depicting the fetal circulation. The instructor determines the presentation is successful when the students correctly illustrate which route for the ductus arteriosus? A. The left to right heart atria B. The aorta to the pulmonary veins C. The right ventricle to the aorta D. The pulmonary artery to the aorta

D. The pulmonary artery to the aorta

A nurse is caring for a 32-year-old Jewish client who is pregnant with a female baby. The parents are not directly related by blood. The mother reports that her husband's cousin had an infant born with Tay-Sachs disease that died two years ago and she is concerned about her baby. Which information should the nurse need to give this client regarding her baby having the same disease? A. Tay-Sachs disease affects only male infants so there is no problem with her baby. B. The age of the client increases the susceptibility of the baby to Tay-Sachs disease. C. There is no risk of Tay-Sachs disease because the parents are not related by blood. D. There is a risk to the baby based upon the Jewish background, so genetic testing would be recommended.

D. There is a risk to the baby based upon the Jewish background, so genetic testing would be recommended.

What should the nurse explain to the pregnant client about the importance of the fetal stage of development? A. The fetus is ready to be born. B. There can be no damage to the fetus if the mother drinks alcohol at this stage. C. Cellular division and implantation occur during this stage of development. D. There is additional growth and development of the organs and body systems.

D. There is additional growth and development of the organs and body systems.

The nursing instructor is teaching a class on the structures vital to the development of the fetus. The instructor determines the class is successful when the class correctly chooses which facts concerning amniotic fluid? A. produced by fetal brain B. amniotic fluid is 90% water C. production stops in the 8th month D. helps the fetus regulate body temperature

D. helps the fetus regulate body temperature

A nurse is interviewing the family members of a pregnant client to obtain a genetic history. While asking questions, which information would be most important? A. socioeconomic status of the family members B. avoidance of questions on race or ethnic background C. specific physical characteristics of family members D. if couples are related to each other or have blood ties

D. if couples are related to each other or have blood ties

The nurse is preparing a pregnant client with severe hypertension for an emergent amniocentesis for possible early delivery of the fetus. The nurse will explain to the client that the health care provider is evaluating which parameter? A. fetal renal output B. fetal alimentary output C. maternal blood makeup D. level of fetal surfactants

D. level of fetal surfactants

The placenta is the site where antibodies in the mother's blood pass into the fetal circulation. These antibodies give passive immunity to the fetus for several common childhood diseases. There are some infections for which the mother does not provide antibodies to the fetus. What infection is the fetus not protected from? A. diphtheria B. smallpox C. rubeola D. rubella

D. rubella