Chapter 10 Pre, Post, and Study Test
A person consumes the equivalent of 75 mg of tryptophan from protein alone. How many niacin equivalents does this represent?
1.25
A 35-year-old man consumed the following folate-containing foods for lunch: 2 slices fortified bread = 14 μg food folate, 48 μg synthetic folate 4 tablespoons peanut butter = 47 μg) food folate ½ cup carrot sticks = 12 μg food folate orange = 48 μg food folate 2 graham crackers = 5 μg food folate, 8 μg synthetic folate What percentage of his RDA for folate did his lunch provide?
55
The vitamin C deficiency disease is known as
scurvy
Vitamin C is involved in the ____.
synthesis of collagen
Vitamin B: Thiamin
deficiency leads to condition known as beriberi
B12 (Symptom)
degeneration of peripheral nerves progressing to paralysis
Biotin toxicities are extremely common.
false
Hard-cooked eggs are the best natural source of folate.
false
Infections and burns decrease the body's need for vitamin C.
false
Inositol is a nonessential, nonprotein amino acid made in the body from lysine that helps transport fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane.
false
Niacin supplements taken 1 month before conception and continued throughout the first trimester of pregnancy can help prevent neural tube defects.
false
Studies clearly show that vitamin C aids in the prevention and treatment of the common cold.
false
Vitamins yield energy when metabolized
false
___ - soluble vitamins are more likely to reach toxic levels in the body.
fat
Vitamin B: Riboflavin
also known as vitamin B2
As ____, vitamin C may help prevent diseases.
an antioxidant
Prolonged thiamin deficiency can result in ____.
beriberi
The rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used is known as
bioavailability
The rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used is referred to as its ____.
bioavailability
Which food will provide the most vitamin C per serving?
broccoli
Vitamin B: Niacin
can be made from the amino acid tryptophan
Vitamin B: Folate
can help prevent spina bifida and other neural tube defects
Of these foods, which is the best source of B6 per kcalorie?
chicken breast
Which of these essential nutrients is commonly grouped with the B vitamins, even though it is not defined as a vitamin?
choline
The need for vitamin C is increased for which of these groups?
cigarette smokers
Which of these groups has an increased need for vitamin C?
cigarette smokers
riboflavin (Symptom)
cracks and redness at corners of mouth
Choline (Symptom)
liver damage
Deficiency of choline is associated with _____.
liver damage
What deficiency disease produces the symptoms known as the "four Ds?"
pellagra
What disease is associated with a deficiency of B12?
pernicious anemia
Compounds, like beta-carotene, that can be converted into active vitamins are known as
precursors
Vitamin B: Vitamin B12
requires intrinsic factor for absorption
Which one of these steps can help minimize vitamin losses?
rinse fruits and vegetables before cutting, not after
What disease results from a vitamin C deficiency?
scurvy
With a folate deficiency, ____.
the production of red blood cells falters
Bioavailability refers to the rate at and the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed and used
true
Liver is an excellent source of riboflavin
true
Many older adults develop vitamin B12 deficiency because they develop atrophic gastritis.
true
Niacin can be made in the body from the amino acid tryptophan.
true
Prolonged thiamin deficiency can result in the disease beriberi.
true
Red bell peppers provide more vitamin C per serving than do oranges.
true
The niacin-deficiency disease pellagra produces the symptoms of diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and eventually death.
true
Without adequate vitamin B6, abnormal compounds produced during tryptophan metabolism accumulate in the brain.
true
A hydrophilic vitamin is ____.
vitamin C
The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) addresses the possibility of adverse effects from high doses of nutrients by including the ____.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
Vitamin B6 (Symptom)
microcytic anemia
Vitamin B12 is easily destroyed by _____.
microwaving
From which of these food groups do most people get their riboflavin?
milk and milk products
What foods provide the greatest contributions of riboflavin?
milk and milk products