Chapter 15 Physics

Translational motion is characterized by motion that carries a molecule from one place to another. the motion used in measuring temperature. both of these neither of these

both of these

Internal energy is greater in a cup of boiling-hot tea. fire-engine pail of boiling-hot tea. both the same

fire-engine pail of boiling hot tea

When you touch a hot potato with your finger, energy flows from your finger to the potato. from the potato to your finger. actually, both ways.

form the potato to your finger

The fact that gasoline overflows a full tank on a hot day is evidence that the tank contracts while gasoline expands with temperature. gasoline expands more with increasing temperature than its tank. both of these neither of these

gasoline expands more with increasing temperature than its tank

Which of the following expands more when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of ice water. iron. wood. helium. all expand the same.

helium

A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a low specific heat capacity. high specific heat capacity. either of these neither of these

high specific heat capacity

Materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have low specific heats. high specific heats. none of the above

high specific heats

Which of these expands when the temperature is lowered? iron helium ice water wood none of the above

icewater

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly lowered, its volume increases. remains the same. decreases.

increases

Pour two liters of water at 40°C into one liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes less than 30°C. at or about 30°C. more than 30°C.

more than 30C

When ice water at 0°C is heated thermal expansion occurs. thermal contraction occurs. both occur until 4°C is reached

both occur until 4C is reached

Ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water make up a region of lower density. microscopic slush. both of these neither of these

both of these

If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be neither more nor less likely to freeze. less likely to freeze. more likely to freeze.

more likely to freeze

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is 4.19 joules. 4.19 calories. 4.19 Calories. none of the above

4.19 joules

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to zero°C. -32°C. 4°C. none of the above

4C

Which unit represents the most energy? Calorie joule calorie all the same

Calories

Which temperature scales have equal sized degrees? Celsius and Kelvin Fahrenheit and Kelvin Fahrenheit and Celsius none of the above

Celsius and Kelvin

A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the Kelvin scale. Fahrenheit scale. both of these neither of these

Kelvin scale

If you measure the width of an outdoor barn with a steel tape on a very cold day, your measured width will be a bit long. a bit short.

a bit long

The air in your room is composed of molecules that have nearly identical speeds. no speeds worth mentioning. a wide variety of speeds.

a wide variety of speeds

When water at 4°C is heated it expands. If it is instead cooled it will also expand. contracts. neither contracts nor expands.

also expands

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be aluminum. copper. both the same

copper

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is iron expands more than copper. copper gets hotter before iron. iron gets hotter before copper. copper expands more than iron. none of the above

copper expands more than iron

As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole remains the same. decreases. increases.

decreases

If the temperature of a sample of water at 0°C is slightly increased, its volume remains the same. increases. decreases.

decreases

Aluminum has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that for equal masses of aluminum and iron, the metal that heats more quickly when the same amount of heat is applied is aluminum. iron. need more information

iron

Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? glass water iron wood all of the above

iron

ice has a lower density than water because ice molecules vibrate at lower rates than water molecules. molecules are more compact in the solid state. density decreases with decreasing temperature. is composed of open-structured crystals.

is composed of open structure crystals

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes smaller. larger. neither smaller nor larger.

larger

The white-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin transfer much energy, but at a low temperature. little energy to you due to their low temperature. little energy to you in spite of their high temperature. none of the above

little energy to you in spite of their high temperature

One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively same amount of time to cool. long time in changing temperature. short time in changing temperature. none of the above

long time in changing temperature

Due to the presence of ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water, the density of water is lower. higher. unaffected.

lower

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a longer experience. shorter experience. same regardless of water's specific heat capacity.

shorter experience

A substance with a high thermal inertia has a high energy content. heat conductivity. specific heat capacity. temperature, in many cases.

specific heat capacity

A closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in temperature. mass. both of these neither of these

temperature

A body of water will be deeper when its temperature rises. temperature drops. neither of these

temperature rises

Heat energy travels from an object with a high temperature to an object with a lower temperature. internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy. both of the above none of the above

temperature to an object with a lower temperature

The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates the difference between heat and internal energy. thermal equilibrium. the fact that molecules are constantly moving. energy conservation.

thermal equilibrium

When ice floats in water, a small part of it extends above the surface. Interestingly, the volume of ice that extends above the surface is equal to the volume of the water the ice displaces. vast number of open spaces in all the hexagonal ice crystals. both of these neither of these

vast number of open spaces in all hexagonal ice crystals

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst due to water contracting when freezing. water expanding when freezing. thawing producing pressure on the pipes. the ground contracting when colder. none of the above

water expanding when freezing