Chapter 17 Change of Phase Test Review

The mass of ice that can be melted by 1 gram of 100-degree-C steam is (Hint: Don't forget about hot water remaining from condensed steam.)

8 grams

The minimum amount of 100-degree-C steam needed to melt 1 gram of 0-degree-Celsius ice is A) 0.125 gram B) 0.148 gram C) 6.75 gram D) 8 grams

A) 0.125 gram

Which involves the larger number of calories? A) the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to water at 100 degrees B) the cooling of 1 gram of water at 100 degrees Celsius to 1 gram of ice at absolute zero C) Both involve the same number of calories

A) the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to water at 100 degrees

Which could burn a boy scout the most? A) 100 g of water at 100 degrees C B) 100 g of steam at 100 degrees C C) Both would be equally damaging

B) 100 g of steam at 100 degrees C

__________ __________ are more damaging that burns caused by boiling water because __________ gives up additional energy when it __________ and has more __________ __________ __________ than boiling water

Steam burns; steam; condenses; energy per kilogram

When a solid is changed to a liquid state, the solid __________ energy

absorbs

The operation of a geyser, such as Old Faithful in Yellowstone Park, is most like the operation of a __________ __________

coffee percolator

We are warmed by __________ because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies __________ some of their __________ __________ to us

condensation; transfer; kinetic energy

We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are __________ on our bodies

condensing

Evaporation is a __________ process and condensation is a __________ process

cooling; warming

Melting snow __________ the surrounding air

cools

To turn ice at zero degrees Celsius to water at zero degrees Celsius, we must add __________

energy

To say that evaporation is a cooling process is to say that the more energetic particles __________

escape

Hot water has a relatively high rate of __________

evaporation

Wrapping a hot potato in aluminum foil significantly reduces the rate at which it cools by __________

evaporation

A substance can be sprayed on crops to prevent frost formation under many conditions. If did not form on the fields and woods of an entire continent, cold nights would be __________ __________

even colder

Firefighters find that the temperature of burning material is best lowered when water is sprayed as a __________ __________

fine mist

Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the __________ __________

higher temperature

Boiling water does not __________ in temperature when additional heat is applied because the increased heating produces increased __________, and therefore increased __________

increase; boiling; cooling

Food cooked in a boiling water at a mountain top cooks slower than when cooked at sea level. If the temperature under the pot of boiling water is ___________, the food will cook no differently than it did before the __________

increased; increased

A refrigerator removes __________ energy from __________ the refrigerator

internal: inside

Stores potatoes, beets, and rutabagas in a well insulated but unheated room can be protected from freezing by having in the room __________ __________ of __________

large tubs; water

When bringing water to a boil in the mountain, the time needed to reach the boiling point is ___________ than at sea level

less

If you want to cook eggs by boiling them while in the mountains, then compared to sea-level cooking, you should boil the eggs for a __________ time

longer

Near the top of a mountain, water in an open pot boils at a __________ temperature than at sea level

lower

Evaporation is a cooling process because the __________ __________ are able to escape the liquid

more energetic

Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to __________ boiling

prevent

An inventor discovers a harmless and tasteless salt, which changes its boiling point when added to water. The market value for this salt will be best if the salt __________ the boiling point of water

raises

The cooling effect inside a refrigerator is produced by vaporizing the __________ __________

refrigeration liquid

The phenomenon of __________ depends on the open-structured nature of ice crystals

regelation

When liquids change to a solid state, they __________ energy

release

When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas __________ energy

releases

Ice is put in a cooler to cool the contents. To speed up the cooling process, the ice can be covered with __________

salt

Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas freeze at temperature below zero degrees Celsius because the water in them contains dissolved __________ and __________

salt; sugars

On a humid day, water condenses on the outside of a glass of ice water. This phenomenon occurs mainly because of the __________ of cooled air

saturation

Morning dew on the grass is result of __________ __________ water molecules __________ to one another

slow-moving; sticking

The molecules in a room-temperature glass of water jostle around at a great variety of __________

speeds

A factor that usually determines whether a substance is in the solid, liquid, gaseous, or plasma state is its __________

temperature

When heat is added to boiling water, its __________ __________ __________ __________

temperature does not change

For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid goes ___________

up

The food in a refrigerator is cooled by ____________ of the refrigerating fluid

vaporization

Compared to a glass of ice water with ice in it, a glass of plain ice-cold water without ice on a warm day will __________ __________ __________

warm up faster

When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the room becomes slightly __________

warmer

When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air __________

warms

Suppose you walk on red-hot coals with bare feet. If bits of the coals do not stick to your feet, it would be best if your feet are __________

we