Chapter 20-3
Edwin Chadwick
An urban reformer who became obsessed over eliminating poverty and squalor, he was the secretary for the poor law commission and wanted to learn detailed facts about living conditions in the city.
Pauper apprentices
Orphaned and abandoned children that the church apprenticed to factories causing many to die at a young age.
Combination Acts
Outlawed unions and strikes but was later repealed
Poor Law Commission
Produced detailed reports on the cities living conditions and conducted experiments on how the living in the city was more dangerous than living in the country
Factory Act of 1833
Reduced the amount of children working in factories
Luddites
Skilled crafts people who attacked the machines that were replacing them
Chartism
The first important political movement of the working men organized during the 19th century and they wanted the right to vote.
The Poor Law Act of 1834
This forced jobless poor people to live in workhouses which were basically like prisons.
The Great Hunger/ Hungry 40's
Two million people had to emigrate because of the Irish potato famine, poor people had nothing to eat.
Working-class consciousness
When the working class realized how much power/ impact they could actually have
Ten hours Act
reduced the workday for 13-18 year olds and women to 10 hours
Robert Owens
A leader in the union movement to create national unions with weekly pay and an 8 hour work day as it's goal.
Cholera
A rampant disease found in the cities, very deadly and caused by drinking contaminated water.
Coal Mines Act
Boys under 10 and women couldn't work in mines.
Trade unions
Created by workers of certain trades to make sure they could limit the amount of people learning it and to get more benefits