Chapter 20- Lymphatic System (Exam Questions)
E
Characteristics of specific defenses include all of the following except A) versatility. B) tolerance. C) memory. D) specificity. E) intrinsic.
A
The attraction or repulsion of certain cells to chemicals in their environment is called A) chemotaxis. B) diapedesis. C) phagocytosis. D) apoptosis. E) immune surveillance.
E
The bodyʹs nonspecific defenses include all of the following except A) the skin. B) complement. C) interferon. D) inflammation. E) B and T cells.
B
The cell that dominates the deep cortical region of a lymph node is the ________ cell. A) B B) T helper C) plasma D) cytotoxic T E) NK
D
The cells directly responsible for cell-mediated immunity are the ________ cells. A) B B) plasma C) NK D) T E) interferon
B
The cells responsible for antibody-mediated immunity are the ________ cells. A) NK B) B C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
A
The cells that perform immunological surveillance are the ________ cells. A) NK B) plasma C) B D) helper T E) suppressor T
C
The classic pathway of complement activation begins when the complement protein binds to A) the cell wall of bacteria. B) the plasma membrane of bacteria. C) an antibody attached to an antigen. D) a cell surface antigen. E) a plasma protein.
D
The first line of cellular defense against pathogens are the A) T cells. B) B cells. C) NK cells. D) phagocytes. E) plasma cells.
B
The movement of phagocytes through the capillary wall is called A) chemotaxis. B) diapedesis. C) phagocytosis. D) apoptosis. E) involution
C
The primary function of the lymphatic system is A) circulation of nutrients. B) the transport of hormones. C) defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats. D) the production and distribution of plasma proteins. E) both the transport of hormones and the production and distribution of plasma proteins.
B
What is perforin? A) a type of antibody synthesized by B cells B) a protein produced by NK cells C) a type of interferon D) a toxin expressed by some pathogens that is capable of damaging healthy cells E) a destructive enzyme secreted by sebaceous glands
B
When an antigen is bound to a Class II MHC protein, it can activate a(n) ________ cell. A) plasma B) CD4 T C) NK D) suppressor T E) cytotoxic T
D
Which cells are responsible for antibody-mediated immunity? (Module 20.4C) A) natural killer cells B) dendritic cells C) epithelial reticular cells D) B cells E) T cells
A
Which of the following concerning Class I MHC proteins is false? A) bind complement B) allow the body to differentiate its own antigens from foreign antigens C) function in antigen presentation D) display abnormal peptides on the plasma membrane E) are found on all nucleated cells
D
All of the following are true of lymphocytes except that A) they spend most of their time in lymphoid tissue. B) they have relatively long life spans. C) they have one nucleus. D) they are granulocytes. E) some produce antibodies.
C
B cells are primarily activated by the activities of A) antigens. B) antibodies. C) helper T cells. D) macrophages. E) plasma cells.
E
A substance that provokes an immune response is called a(n) A) thymosin. B) complement. C) chemotoxin. D) irritant. E) antigen.
B
Adaptive immunity is the result of the actions of A) NK cells. B) T and B cells. C) mast cells. D) antigen-antibody complexes. E) interferons.
B
Defense of the body against a particular pathogen is provided by A) nonspecific immunity. B) specific immunity. C) immunological surveillance. D) skin defenses. E) fever.
A
Define autoimmune disorders. (Module 20.22A) A) Autoimmune disorders are conditions that result from the production of antibodies directed against normal antigens in the body. B) Autoimmune disorders are an inadequate immune responses due to problems with embryonic development of lymphoid organs and tissues, a viral infection, or treatment with or exposure to immunosuppressive agents. C) Autoimmune disorders are an immune response to a circulating antigen that stimulates mast cells throughout the body to release chemicals that prompt the inflammatory response. D) Autoimmune disorders are excessive immune reactions of antibodies to a virus-infected cell. E) Autoimmune disorders are excessive immune responses to an allergen, which is an antigen that triggers an allergic reaction.
D
Define immune surveillance. (Module 20.11A) A) Immune surveillance the normal filtering of lymph through lymph nodes to detect abnormal cells. B) Immune surveillance is the constant filtering of blood in the kidneys to detect abnormal cells. C) Immune surveillance is the constant circulation of available antibodies to attack pathogens. D) Immune surveillance is the constant monitoring of normal tissues by NK cells sensitive to abnormal antigens on the surfaces of cells. E) Immune surveillance is the constant monitoring of normal tissues by activated cytotoxic T cells.
D
Distinguish between innate immunity and adaptive immunity. (Module 20.8A) A) Innate immunity primarily uses T cells to neutralize the threat. Adaptive immunity primarily uses B cells to neutralize the threat. B) Innate immunity primarily uses B cells to neutralize the threat. Adaptive immunity primarily uses T cells to neutralize the threat. C) Innate immunity relies on the activity of cells to neutralize the threat. Adaptive immunity primarily relies on the activity of specific proteins, such as antibodies to neutralize the threat. D) Innate immunity is nonspecific and does not distinguish one type of threat from another. Adaptive immunity is specific and protects against particular threats. E) Innate immunity is specific and protects against particular threats. Adaptive immunity is nonspecific and does not distinguish one type of threat from another.
E
Immunity that is genetically determined and present at birth is called ________ immunity. A) active B) maternal C) passive D) auto E) innate
B
Immunity that results from antibodies that pass the placenta from mother to fetus is called ________ immunity. A) naturally acquired active B) naturally acquired passive C) passive D) auto E) innate
A
Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity. A) naturally acquired active B) naturally acquired passive C) passive D) auto E) innate
A
In opsonization, A) a pathogen is coated by proteins to facilitate its destruction by neutrophils and macrophages. B) the cell wall of a pathogen is breached, leading to death of the cell. C) MHC II glycoproteins display a fragment of an alien cell. D) antigens bind to antibodies to become antigen-antibody complexes. E) antibodies tie many antigens together.
E
In passive immunity, the A) immune system attacks normal body cells. B) body is deliberately exposed to an antigen. C) body receives antibodies produced by other humans. D) body receives antibodies produced by an animal. E) body receives antibodies produced by other humans or the body receives antibodies produced by an animal.
B
In response to tissue damage and infection, circulating proteins called pyrogens A) cause inflammation. B) produce a fever. C) activate complement. D) opsonize pathogens. E) activate antibodies.
B
Interferons are released by some macrophages and lymphocytes, but also by cells carrying what pathogen? A) parasites B) viruses C) bacteria D) prions E) spirochetes
B
Lymphatic vessels commonly occur in association with A) hyaline cartilage. B) blood vessels. C) adipose tissue. D) sensory nerve endings. E) both hyaline cartilage and adipose tissue.
C
Lymphocytes A) are all actively phagocytic. B) destroy red blood cells. C) respond to antigens. D) are primarily found in red bone marrow. E) decrease in number during infection.
D
Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus-infected cells are ________ cells. A) B B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T
E
Nonspecific defenses would not include A) phagocytic cells. B) physical barriers. C) inflammation. D) interferons. E) antibodies.
E
Plasma contains ________ proteins that form the complement system. A) 1-3 B) 5 C) fewer than 10 D) 18-25 E) more than 30
B
T cells release cytokines to stimulate the activation of A) APCs. B) B cells. C) antibodies. D) immunoglobulins. E) plasma cells.
B
T is to ________ as B is to ________. A) top; bottom B) thymus-dependent; bone marrow-derived C) thyroid; bowel D) non-thymus-dependent; bottom E) None of the answers is correct.
B
Various types of macrophages are derived from A) lymphocytes. B) monocytes. C) neutrophils. D) eosinophils. E) basophils.
