Chapter 39 PrepU - musculoskeletal
The nurse is discussing an older adult's risk for skeletal fractures with a group of students assigned to the clinical area. Which of the following would the nurse most likely explain as the underlying reason for the increased risk?
Bone resorption is more rapid than bone formation
Which clinical manifestation would the nurse recognize as an indicator of peripheral neurovascular dysfunction?
Complaints of pins and needles in feet Toes mottled and cool
A client is scheduled to undergo an electromyography. When performed, what will this test evaluate?
Muscle weakness
Red bone marrow produces which of the following?
Platelets, WBC, RBC
Which hormone inhibits bone reabsorption and increases calcium deposit in the bone?
Calcitonin
A client undergoes an invasive joint examination of the knee. What will the nurse closely monitor the client for?
Serous drainage
Which statement describes paresthesia?
Abnormal sensations
A group of students are reviewing the structure and function of bones. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they state that cortical bone is found primarily in which of the following?
Diaphyses
After a person experiences a closure of the epiphyses, which statement is true?
No further increase in bone length occurs
Which laboratory study indicates the rate of bone turnover?
Serum osteocalcin
A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?
An nelectromyography
Which medication taken by the client in the previous 24 hours would be of greatest concern to the nurse caring for a client undergoing a bone biopsy?
Aspirin
What is the term for a rhythmic contraction of a muscle?
Clonus
A client is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. What is an example of this type of joint?
Elbow
patient has had a stroke and is unable to move the right upper and lower extremity. During assessment the nurse picks up the arm and it is limp and without tone. How would the nurse document this finding?
Flaccidity
Which of the following is a fibrous sheath that surrounds the articulating bones?
Joint capsule
A nurse is caring for a client with an undiagnosed bone disease. When instructing on the normal process to maintain bone tissue, which process transforms osteoblasts into mature bone cells?
Ossification and calcification
Which serum level indicates the rate of bone turnover?
Osteocalcin
Which of the following are the major hormonal regulators of calcium homeostasis?
Parathormone Calcitonin
A patient has a fracture of the right femur sustained in an automobile accident. What process of fracture healing does the nurse understand will occur with this patient?
Reactive phase, reparative phase, remodeling phase
After a fracture, during which stage or phase of bone healing is devitalized tissue removed and new bone reorganized into its former structural arrangement?
Remodeling
A client has just undergone arthrography. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?
Report joint crackling or clicking noises occurring after the second day
Which of the following is an appropriate priority nursing diagnosis for the client following an arthrocentesis?
Risk for infection
A client has a fracture that is being treated with open rigid compression plate fixation devices. What teaching will the nurse reinforce to the client about how the progress of bone healing will be monitored?
Serial x-rays will be taken
Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint?
Synarthrosis
The nurse working in the orthopedic surgeon's office is asked to schedule a shoulder arthrography. The nurse determines that the surgeon suspects which finding?
Tear in the joint capsule
Which is useful in identifying acute or chronic tears of the joint capsule or supporting ligaments of the knee, shoulder, ankle, hip, or wrist?
arthrography
There are thousands of components of the musculoskeletal system that facilitate mobility and independent function. The function of skeletal muscle is promoting:
movement of skeletal bones
A nurse provides health teaching to the family of an older adult client who has trouble walking independently. The nurse reviews age-related changes to the musculoskeletal system with the family. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in the teaching?
Intervertebral discs become thin Muscles atrophy Muscle fibrosis increases Collagen increases
A client's blood test results reveal an elevated alkaline phosphatase. What might this indicate?
A bone tumor
An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification?
Osteoblasts
The nurse observes a client with a shuffling gait. What disease is commonly associated with a shuffling gait?
Parkinson's disease
The nurse is assessing the muscle tone of a client with cerebral palsy. Which description does the nurse determine to be an expected assessment of this client's muscle tone?
Hypertonic
A client with a sports injury undergoes a diagnostic arthroscopy of the left knee. What comment by the client following the procedure will the nurse address first?
My toes are numb
