CHAPTER 4: FEDERALISM

concurrent powers

powers possessed and exercised by both National and State governments

implied powers

powers reasonably thought to be granted, but not spelled out specifically, in the Constitution

extradition

the legal process by which a fugitive from justice of one State is returned by another State

judicial proceedings

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to the outcome of court actions

public acts

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to laws of a state

records

In Article IV, Section 1 of the Constitution, what term refers to documents such as a birth certificate

Privileges and Immunities Clause

States cannot draw unreasonable distinctions between their own residents and residents of other States

Full Faith and Credit Clause

States must recognize the validity of records, documents, and civil court decisions in other States

Supremacy Clause

clause that deals with conflicts between national law and State law

delegated

The three types of __________ powers are expressed, implied, and inherent.

enabling act

a law passed by Congress directing an area to frame a State constitution

interstate compact

an agreement among the States

Full Faith and Credit Clause

constitutional clause allows people of one State to travel to another State without a special passport

federalism

created a strong central government and preserved the strength of the existing States

project grants

grants given to States, localities, and sometimes private agencies that apply for them

categorical grants

grants having a narrowly-defined purpose such as school lunches, airport construction, or wastewater treatment plants

block grants

grants intended for a broadly defined purpose such as health care, social services, or welfare

grants-in-aid programs

grants of federal money or other resources to the States and/or their cities, counties, or other local units called

act of admission

in order for a State to join the Union the President must sign this document

Supreme Court

institution settles disputes between the National Government and the States

10th Amendment

part of the Constitution explicitly spells out the division of powers

concurrent powers

powers exercised by both the National Government and the States

exclusive powers

powers exercised only by the National Government

expressed powers

powers granted to the National Government in the Constitution

delegated powers

powers spelled out in the Constitution

inherent powers

powers that belong to the National Government because it is a sovereign state

reserved powers

powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not deny to the States

Alaska and Hawaii

two States that were admitted without an enabling act

block grants

type of grants are made for a very specific purpose.