CHAPTER 46 (hr)
A complete dental assessment of the patient for bleaching treatment must include all but one of the following items. Which item is the EXCEPTION? A) Complete intraoral and extraoral examination B) Updated radiographs C) Periodontal examination including areas of recession D) A photographic record of tooth shade E) Cavitated lesions repaired with a permanent restoration before bleaching
E) Cavitated lesions repaired with a permanent restoration before bleaching (Cavitated lesions with no repair is a contraindication for bleaching treatment. A lesion should be prepared and restored with a temporary restoration until bleaching is completed. At that point, a permanent restoration can then be placed.)
Which of the following is a gel used to thicken and control the flow of the bleaching agent to prevent overextending onto gingival tissues? A) Sodium hydroxide B) Carbopol C) Potassium nitrate D) Calcium phosphate E) Glycerin
E) Glycerin (Glycerin is added to the bleaching material to prevent overextension of bleach onto the gingival tissue. Prevention of the bleaching of the gingival tissue is important when bleaching is implemented)
Which of the following is a disadvantage of a bleaching treatment consisting of professionally applied bleaching utilizing a laser/ultraviolet light system procedure? A) Does not include a comprehensive exam B) Noncustomized delivery C) Slowest result D) Patient compliance not guaranteed E) Higher cost
E) Higher cost (Compared to other bleaching procedures, professionally applied bleach using a laser/ultraviolet light system is the most expensive procedure for patients, which can be a disadvantage.)
Which of the following statements concerning the use of hydrogen peroxide for vital tooth bleaching is NOT correct? A) Hydrogen peroxide may result in demineralization when used for longer treatment times than recommended. B) Hydrogen peroxide takes less time per day than carbamide peroxide. C) Higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide result in greater sensitivity. D) The high acidic nature of hydrogen peroxide results in dentin changes that never recover. E) Hydrogen peroxide takes fewer days than carbamide peroxide to change color effectively
E) Hydrogen peroxide takes fewer days than carbamide peroxide to change color effectively. (
What is the ideal method of treatment for white discoloration found on yellowish teeth? A) Internal bleaching B) External bleaching C) Brushing with whitening dentifrice D) Microabrasion followed by neutral sodium fluoride E) Microabrasion followed by custom tray whitening
E) Microabrasion followed by custom tray whitening (Microabrasion will lighten the white discoloration by microscopically removing thin layers of the enamel while bleaching. Once these discolorations are removed, the custom tray is them applied to provide uniform bleaching for all teeth)
Which of the following tooth conditions may require 2-3 months of a nightly application of a tooth whitening product? A) Dark canines B) Yellow color C) Amelogenesis imperfecta D) Tetracycline stains E) Nicotine stains
E) Nicotine stains (
Which of the following is not a contraindication for at-home whitening? A) Presence of sensitive teeth B) Unwillingness to comply with at-home treatment routines C) Excessive existing restorations not requiring replacement D) Pregnancy or lactation E) Patients with recession
E) Patients with recession (Patients with recession are not contraindicated for at-home bleaching, yet care must be followed to protect the cementum from the bleaching product. If cementum is contacted excessively, there is the potential for internal and/or external resorption)
Which of the following is not part of the dental hygiene care plan when formulating bleaching treatment for the patient? A) Discussion of procedure and risks B) Plan with patient for anticipated needs after bleaching C) Encourage questions D) Obtain informed consent and patient's signature E) Replacement of existing tooth colored restorations before bleaching
E) Replacement of existing tooth colored restorations before bleaching
Which of the following is a true statement concerning sensitivity of teeth when bleaching? A) Patients with prior history of tooth sensitivity are less at risk to develop sensitivity during bleaching B) A correlation is seen with bleaching and an increased wear time C) Higher concentrations of bleaching have been used for up to 12 months and do not exhibit greater sensitivity D) Sensitivity primarily occurs in the first 2 days of treatment E) Sensitivity resolves completely as teeth become accustomed to bleaching
E) Sensitivity resolves completely as teeth become accustomed to bleaching (Patients with a history of sensitivity are at a high risk for sensitivity during bleaching. No correlation is seen with bleaching and an increased wear time. Lower concentrations of bleaching have been used for up to 12 months and do not exhibit greater sensitivity. Sensitivity primarily occurs in the first 2 weeks of treatment)
All but one of the following are factors that would lead to a guarded prognosis when bleaching. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) History or presence of sensitive teeth B) Extremely dark gingival third of tooth visible during a smile C) Extensive visible white spots D) Unrealistic expectations of the patient E) Shades of teeth due to aging
E) Shades of teeth due to aging (Teeth that have staining due to aging have an excellent prognosis when treating. The other factors listed must be discussed with the patient understanding that results may not be optimal based on what is presented initially.)
Each of the following should be documented in the patient's permanent record when planning tooth bleaching EXCEPT: A) Current oral conditions B) Impressions and preparations of the trays C) Services provided including necessary records for tooth shade D) Consent to treat related to tooth whitening E) The shape of the patient's mouth
E) The shape of the patient's mouth
How long after the completion of nonvital tooth bleaching should the patient be scheduled for the placement of a permanent restoration? A) 1-2 days B) 3-7 days C) 1 week D) 2 weeks E) 3 weeks
2 WEEKS
Professionally applied bleaching is performed with what concentration of hydrogen peroxide? A) 30-40% B) 35-44% C) 25-35% D) 50-60% E) 45-54%
A) 30-40% (A high concentration of 30-40% hydrogen peroxide is used for professionally applied bleaching techniques. The concentration of bleaching products used for at home bleaching is much lower.)
What term describes a stain found on the outside surface of a tooth? A) Extrinsic B) Intrinsic C) Iatrogenic D) Synergistic E) Translucent
A) Extrinsic
What is the ideal method of treatment for a discolored, endodontically treated tooth? A) Internal bleaching B) External bleaching C) Brushing with whitening dentifrice D) Microabrasion followed by neutral sodium fluoride E) Microabrasion followed by custom tray whitening
A) Internal bleaching
After nonvital tooth bleaching has achieved the final optimal result, all but one of the following steps are completed to finalize the procedure. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) Isolation of the tooth with cotton rolls B) Temporary restoration on medicament is removed C) Pulp chamber is irrigated thoroughly with water D) A coronal restoration is placed E) Photograph of the tooth is taken and shade documented for records
A) Isolation of the tooth with cotton rolls (A tooth should always be isolated with a rubber dam when performing nonvital tooth bleaching. A rubber dam is applied to prevent contamination of the previous root canal therapy.)
Heat applied or produced by the use of light for the bleaching of teeth may cause which of the following results? A) Necrosis of the pulp B) Abfraction C) Microabrasion D) Microfractures within the tooth E) Temporary yellow discoloration
A) Necrosis of the pulp (Heat can lead to the gradual death of the pulp known as necrosis. Treatment should be monitored closely to limit side effects as much as possible. All other choices are not effects of bleaching due to heat.)
What was the name of the procedure that involved using carbamide peroxide in a custom tray to maintain the bleaching gel on the tooth surface for an extended time? A) Nightguard vital bleaching B) Synergistic bleaching C) Internal bleaching D) Psoralen bleaching E) Ultraviolet light system bleaching
A) Nightguard vital bleaching
Which of the following statements concerning the safety of bleaching is NOT true? A) Restorative material color such as porcelain or composite materials will be changed by bleaching. B) Hydrogen peroxide at concentrations of 30 percent or higher may remove the enamel matrix. C) Accidental ingestion of small amounts can cause a sore throat and nausea. D) Hydrogen peroxide may have a negative effect on restorations and restorative materials due to lower pH. E) Hydrogen peroxide may cause burning and bleaching of the gingiva and any exposed tissue.
A) Restorative material color such as porcelain or composite materials will be changed by bleaching (Restorative material color will not be affected when bleaching occurs. Restorations are only replaced after bleaching if there is a cosmetic concern. If restorative treatment is needed and bleaching will occur, restorative procedures should be delayed for 2 weeks to allow for color stabilization and for the tooth surface to strengthen.)
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding nonvital tooth bleaching? A) Results usually do not last as long as external tooth bleaching B) There is no universal standard for what is considered acceptable esthetics C) Care should be taken to communicate and agree with the course of treatment and the expected result before starting treatment D) If nonvital tooth bleaching is not effective an alternative restorative procedure can be attempted E) Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate may be synergistic and effective in bleaching the tooth
A) Results usually do not last as long as external tooth bleaching
Which of the following is not a true statement regarding factors that influence tooth bleaching outcome? A) The darker the initial color of the tooth, the easier to lighten during treatment B) The concentration of the bleaching agent can influence results C) The longer duration of contact of the active bleaching agent, the greater the degree of bleaching D) Some tooth conditions will not respond to bleaching E) The number of applications of the bleaching agent can influence the final result
A) The darker the initial color of the tooth, the easier to lighten during treatment
Which of the following best describes the use of abrasive agents in a dentifrice to remove extrinsic stain? A) Tooth whitening B) Bleaching C) Microabrasion D) Synergism E) Abfraction
A) Tooth whitening
Each of the following are irreversible forms of tooth damage due to bleaching EXCEPT: A) sensitivity B) root resorption C) tooth fracture D) demineralization E) tooth erosion
A) sensitivity
The most common side effect of tooth bleaching is _____________. A) sensitivity B) root resorption C) tooth fracture D) demineralization E) remineralization
A) sensitivity
What should patients do before using an over-the-counter bleaching product? A) Discuss the risks with a dental professional B) Have an oral evaluation C) Have any calculus and biofilm removed D) Consult with a dental professional about possible interactions with any proposed dental treatment E) All of these
ALL
What should the clinician do when developing the dental hygiene care plan with the patient? A) Discuss the procedure and risks B) Discuss realistic results C) Obtain informed consent and risks with patient's signature D) Plan for anticipated patient needs after bleaching E) All of these
ALL
Which of the following is a factor to consider when bleaching is attempted? A) Patient's personal background B) Patient's culture C) Patient's image of esthetics D) All of these are factors to consider when bleaching is attempted
ALL
Which of the following is a method of treatment concerning tooth bleaching systems? A) Professionally applied utilizing a laser B) Professionally applied utilizing an ultraviolet light system C) Professionally dispensed professional grade bleach and trays D) Over-the-counter products E) All of these are methods of bleaching treatment
ALL
Which of the following is considered an over-the-counter method of bleaching? A) Strips B) Paint-on C) Mouthrinse D) Dentifrice E) All of these
ALL
Which of the following statements is incorrect when using a dentifrice as an over-the-counter bleaching agent? A) This product is used to help keep teeth cleaner, and therefore look whiter B) Some have more abrasive materials to remove extrinsic stains C) The bleaching agent in the dentifrice has little effect on staining D) Some of these products contain hydrogen peroxide E) All of these are true statements
ALL
Which product can interact with the bleaching agent and compromise treatment? A) Coffee B) Tea C) Tobacco D) Soy sauce E) All of these can have a negative interaction
ALL
Which statement concerning the longevity of results due to bleaching is true? A) Darkening or relapse of the tooth shade is expected after bleaching. B) Relapse of shade occurs almost immediately as newly bleached teeth rehydrate. C) Teeth may darken and discolor as months and years pass after treatment. D) Periodic bleaching procedures are performed and repeated to maintain shade. E) All of these statements are true
ALL TRUE
How much of the obturation material must be removed from the root canal treated tooth when performing nonvital tooth bleaching? A) 0-1 mm B) 2-3 mm C) 4-5 mm D) 6-7 mm E) 8-9 mm
B) 2-3 mm
Material used for nonvital tooth bleaching should be left in the tooth for approximately how many days until evaluation? A) 1-3 days B) 3-7 days C) 1-3 weeks D) 3-7 weeks E) 1-3 months
B) 3-7 days (Hydrogen peroxide and/or sodium perborate should be placed and sealed in the pulp chamber for approximately 3-7 days and then evaluated. The procedure is repeated until the desired result is obtained)
Professionally applied bleaching is performed with what concentration of carbamide peroxide? A) 30-40% B) 35-44% C) 25-35% D) 50-60% E) 45-54%
B) 35-44% (A high concentration of 35-44% carbamide peroxide is used for professionally applied bleaching techniques. The concentration percentage is slightly higher than hydrogen peroxide. The concentration of bleaching products used for at home bleaching are much lower)
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding over-the-counter bleaching products? A) Also known as self-directed bleaching products B) Because these are not professionally distributed, they can cause no harm to the user C) May be recommended to help maintain results of professionally applied and professionally dispensed methods of bleaching D) Patients should be advised to have a thorough oral evaluation before use of these products E) They are delivered through various forms
B) Because these are not professionally distributed, they can cause no harm to the user (A dental hygienist should stress the need for professional examination and supervision when using these products. These products can cause harm if misused by irritating tissues or by causing systemic illness if ingested.)
Which of the following best describes a cosmetic dental procedure that uses free radicals and the breakdown of pigments to whiten teeth? A) Tooth whitening B) Bleaching C) Microabrasion D) Synergism E) Abfraction
B) Bleaching (Tooth whitening uses abrasive agents in the dentifrice that results in the whitening of teeth while bleaching uses free radicals and the breakdown of pigments)
Which of the following tooth conditions may require microabrasion techniques after whitening to possibly improve the result? A) Yellow color B) Brown fluorosis stains C) Nicotine stains D) Minocycline stains E) Microcracks
B) Brown fluorosis stains (Brown fluorosis stains respond to tooth whitening 80% of the time. Microabrasion techniques done after whitening and color stabilization may improve the final result.)_
Which of the following is a water-soluble resin used as a thickening agent, which prolongs the release of hydrogen peroxide from carbamide peroxide and promotes quicker results? A) Sodium hydroxide B) Carbopol C) Potassium nitrate D) Calcium phosphate E) Glycerin
B) Carbopol (Carbopol works as a thickening agent to enhance the release of hydrogen peroxide from carbamide peroxide. As hydrogen peroxide is a product of carbamide peroxide, this agent promotes quicker bleaching results)
Which of the following statements concerning tooth color change with bleaching is NOT true? A) Once the tooth reaches its maximum color change, additional bleaching product or contact time will not result in a lighter color. B) Color usually stabilizes approximately two days after bleaching. C) The color of both dentin and enamel is changed with bleaching. D) Teeth can become dehydrated immediately, during, and after bleaching administration. E) Darker teeth take more time to lighten
B) Color usually stabilizes approximately two days after bleaching.
Tetracycline incorporates into which tooth layer during calcification of unerupted teeth and leads to resistance of tooth bleaching? A) Enamel B) Dentin C) Pulp D) Cementum E) Bone
B) Dentin
Which tooth layer has the greatest change in color when bleaching is applied to the tooth? A) Enamel B) Dentin C) Cementum D) Pulp
B) Dentin
The term pertaining to the study of beauty and the sense of beautiful is known as which of the following? A) Color B) Esthetic C) Synergism D) Iatrogenic E) Extrinsic
B) Esthetic
After 1963, nonvital tooth bleaching improved by providing a lighter color of tooth by adding water and which of the following products? A) Sodium perborate B) Hydrogen peroxide C) Potassium D) Magnesium E) None of these
B) Hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following is an incorrect statement concerning the materials used for vital tooth bleaching? A) Hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide are used to lighten extrinsic color of vital teeth B) Hydrogen peroxide has a long working time when compared to carbamide peroxide C) Hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide can be used alone or in combination with each other D) Bleaching materials need an appropriate viscosity to flow over the tooth surface E) Hydrogen peroxide is approximately three times stronger than carbamide peroxide
B) Hydrogen peroxide has a long working time when compared to carbamide peroxide
What term describes a stain found within the tooth of a patient? A) Extrinsic B) Intrinsic C) Iatrogenic D) Synergistic E) Translucent
B) Intrinsic
Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding patient instruction with professionally dispensed/professionally monitored bleaching products? A) Patient is given instructions and bleaching materials for use in the trays at home B) Once or twice daily application is recommended over a 1-2 month period C) Patient should continue use over recommended time if lack of sensitivity is present D) Patient should retain bleaching trays for touch-ups as needed E) Professionally dispensed bleaching products should be used to maintain and promote results after initial treatment
B) Once or twice daily application is recommended over a 1-2 month period (Once or twice daily application is recommended, yet it should take place over a 1-2 week period instead of a 1-2 month period for the initial treatment. After 1-2 weeks, touch-up bleaching can take place as needed.)
All but one of the following procedures should be completed during the postbleaching phase of treatment. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) Make the patient aware that sensitivity diminishes over time B) Patient should discontinue daily use of a desensitizing dentifrice C) Fluoride varnish should be applied professionally D) Foods and beverages with temperature extremes should be avoided during this time E) Foods and beverages that contain acidic elements should be avoided
B) Patient should discontinue daily use of a desensitizing dentifrice
Which of the following tooth conditions does not respond to whitening? A) Aging B) Root exposure C) Minocycline stains D) Yellow color E) Nicotine stains
B) Root exposure (When discoloration from root exposure is present, no response is seen when tooth bleaching is initiated. Root exposure is better treated with periodontal coveragE)
Which of the following is not a contraindication associated with bleaching? A) Teeth that are an acceptable shade B) Patients with unrealistic personal expectations C) All children and adolescents D) Pregnant and lactating women E) Patients taking photosensitive medications
C) All children and adolescents (Caution should be used when bleaching the teeth of children and adolescents. Bleaching can be completed on children and adolescents, yet this must be a selective based upon need)
Which statement regarding bleaching effects upon restorative materials is true? A) Bonding needs to be delayed for 2 days due to reduced bonding strength of the recently bleached surface B) Bleaching may decrease the solubility of some dental cements C) Bleaching may increase mercury release from amalgam restorations giving off a green hue D) Chemicals that contain hydrogen peroxide may have a negative effect on restorations and restorative materials due to higher pH E) Porcelain or composite materials will change color with bleaching
C) Bleaching may increase mercury release from amalgam restorations giving off a green hue
Light-cured materials that can be used as a rubber dam substitute during bleaching procedures or on study models to create space to hold bleaching material on custom trays are known as which of the following? A) Ultraviolet light systems B) Translucent materials C) Block-out resins D) Potassium nitrate E) Psoralen
C) Block-out resins
When preparing and assessing the patient for bleaching treatment, which of the following teeth should be used to record base color? A) Central incisor B) Lateral incisor C) Canine D) First premolar E) First molar
C) Canine
Which of the following statements concerning carbamide peroxide is NOT true? A) Carbamide peroxide takes fewer days but more contact time than hydrogen peroxide. B) At neutral pH, 10% carbamide peroxide solution is both safe and effective as a bleaching agent. C) Carbamide peroxide is a fast releasing bleaching product. D) Carbamide peroxide is the active agent in most bleaching systems in a 10 percent concentration. E) Carbamide peroxide breaks down into urea and hydrogen peroxide.
C) Carbamide peroxide is a fast releasing bleaching product
Which of the following conditions provides no significant improvement when bleaching is implemented? A) Yellow color B) Brown fluorosis stains C) Dentinogenesis imperfecta D) Aging E) Minocycline stains
C) Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Once a satisfactory result is achieved from nonvital tooth bleaching, what material is recommended to seal off the pulp chamber before placing a permanent restoration? A) Amalgam B) Composite C) Glass ionomer D) Post and core E) Zinc phosphate cement
C) Glass ionomer (After achieving the final result of bleaching, glass ionomer cement is recommended to be used as the sealing material between the obturation material and the final restoration)
What is the term used to describe a method for treating tooth discolorations by microreduction of superficial enamel through various methods of mechanical and/or chemical actions? A) Abfraction B) Synergism C) Microabrasion D) Nonvital tooth bleaching E) Bruxism
C) Microabrasion (
Which of the following is a true statement regarding prefabricated trays made for over-the-counter bleaching products? A) The tray should be made thick for patient comfort B) The tray with bleach is usually worn overnight C) The tray with bleach is usually worn 30-60 minutes daily for 5-10 days D) The tray is adapted only to the maxillary arch E) All of these are incorrect statements
C) The tray with bleach is usually worn 30-60 minutes daily for 5-10 days (When prefabricated trays are used for over-the-counter products, a thin membrane tray is loaded with beaching agent. This tray is adapted to the maxillary and/or mandibular arch. The tray is usually worn 30-60 minutes daily for 5-10 days)
Which of the following categories of tetracycline and minocycline staining include intense dark gray-blue banding stains that may require porcelain veneers for a satisfactory esthetic result? A) First category staining B) Second category staining C) Third category staining D) Fourth category staining E) None of these
C) Third category staining
Which of the following terms describes teeth having the appearance between complete opacity and complete transparency? A) Iatrogenic B) Extrinsic C) Translucent D) Synergistic E) Hue
C) Translucent (Translucency describes having the appearance between complete opacity and complete transparency. It can also be described as partially opaqu)
After penetrating the enamel and dentin, bleaching products can reach the pulp within ___________. A) 5-10 seconds B) 30-45 seconds C) 1-5 minutes D) 5-15 minutes E) 30-45 minutes
D) 5-15 minutes
Which of the following is a vulnerable tooth surface/area for sensitivity when bleaching? A) Enamel B) Amalgam restoration C) Composite restoration D) Abfraction area E) Interproximal area
D) Abfraction area
Which of the following statements is correct when using paint-on bleach as an over-the-counter product? A) Hydrogen peroxide is the main ingredient used B) The bleaching material is applied as a thin gel for optimal coverage C) Great method for ease of coverage for all teeth at once D) Advantage of this treatment is that individual teeth may be bleached E) All of these statements are incorrect
D) Advantage of this treatment is that individual teeth may be bleached (Carbamide peroxide is incorporated into a thick gel that is painted on the teeth selected to be bleached. An advantage to this method is that individual teeth may be bleached. This is a more difficult product to use when attempting to bleach all teeth at once)
Which of the following items is part of the pretreatment phase of bleaching for desensitization? A) Professional fluoride varnish applied B) Avoid food and beverages with temperature extremes C) Avoid food and beverages that contain acidic elements D) Apply a desensitizing toothpaste containing potassium nitrate with either a brush or a tray E) Reduce exposure time of bleaching materials
D) Apply a desensitizing toothpaste containing potassium nitrate with either a brush or a tray
Which of the following statements is incorrect when evaluating and planning for maintenance of a patient undergoing bleaching treatment? A) At routine appointments, the patient's tooth color should be compared with a tooth color guide. B) Follow-up photos should be taken as appropriate for records. C) Color from bleaching relapses with time. D) Bleaching should be implemented every 2-3 months. E) Assess patient compliance.
D) Bleaching should be implemented every 2-3 months. (Color from bleaching relapses with time. A plan should be implemented to repeat the bleaching process at appropriate intervals. There is no set time when to repeat the bleaching technique as it is based upon patient presentation)
Which of the following statements concerning the tooth structure when bleaching vital teeth is NOT true? A) The color of both dentin and enamel are changed. B) The yellow or gray color of dentin shows through the enamel. C) Each tooth reaches a maximum color change. D) Color will stabilize within 3 to 5 days after bleaching. E) Bleaching products cause teeth to become dehydrated during and after product administration.
D) Color will stabilize within 3 to 5 days after bleaching.
Which of the following is NOT a true statement concerning the bleaching of tetracycline stains? A) Multi-colored bands may not respond well. B) Gray is the most difficult color to bleach. C) Dark grays only get lighter. D) Dark incisal bands have the poorest prognosis. E) It requires up to 12 months of daily bleaching.
D) Dark incisal bands have the poorest prognosis. (Dark cervical bands have the poorest prognosis when bleaching due to the thickness of the tooth within the region when compared to dark incisal bands. All other statements are true when discussing the bleaching of tetracycline stains)
Which of the following is not used as a desensitizer for bleaching products? A) Potassium nitrate B) Sodium fluoride C) Calcium phosphate D) Glycerin E) Amorphous calcium phosphate
D) Glycerin(Glycerin is a gel used to thicken and control the flow of bleaching agents to prevent overextending onto gingival tissues. Potassium nitrate calms the pulp. Calcium phosphate desensitizes and aids in remineralization)
Which of the following tooth conditions leads to an area becoming whiter than the rest of the tooth when whitening is implemented? A) Root exposure B) Translucent teeth C) Dental caries D) Microcracks E) Amelogenesis imperfecta
D) Microcracks (Microcracks become whiter than the rest of the tooth when bleaching is initiated. Bright light or magnification is required during assessment to view and they may appear streaky during the whitening process)
All but one of the following statements are true when a professionally applied bleaching technique is used. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) Treatment may take one to six visits B) Time of each application ranges from 30-60 minutes C) Bleaching gels are administered in a professional treatment room D) No isolation of the teeth is needed for this technique E) Gingival sensitivity or irritation may occur
D) No isolation of the teeth is needed for this technique
What is the active ingredient in many anti-sensitivity dentifrices? A) Sodium perborate B) Hydrogen peroxide C) Carbamide peroxide D) Potassium nitrate E) Sodium carbamide
D) Potassium nitrate
Each of the following statements are true when a professionally applied bleaching technique is used EXCEPT: A) Rubber dam or an equivalent technique, such as a liquid light-cured resin dam, is applied to isolate bleaching agents from soft tissue contact B) Care must be used to make sure the liquid light-cured resin dam is in the interproximal spaces to protect gingival tissue C) Laser bleaching treatment plan may involve trays for home use D) Protective eyewear is not needed when performing laser/light bleaching treatment E) Teeth are not anesthetized in order to monitor heat provoked sensitivity
D) Protective eyewear is not needed when performing laser/light bleaching treatment
Which of the following is not an advantage of over the counter bleaching products? A) Low cost B) Immediate start for the patient C) Easy access for patient purchase D) Quickest result for bleaching E) Short exposure times
D) Quickest result for bleaching
All but one of the following are requirements for the procedure of nonvital tooth bleaching. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) Healthy periodontium B) Successfully obturated root canal filling C) Procedure is performed by the dentist D) Root canal filling is sealed off with a cotton ball to prevent bleaching agent from reaching periapial tissue
D) Root canal filling is sealed off with a cotton ball to prevent bleaching agent from reaching periapial tissue(The root canal filling is sealed off with a restorative material before treatment to prevent the bleaching agent from reaching the periapical tissue. A cotton ball would not prevent the bleaching from reaching the root canal filling.)
Which of the following is a true statement regarding a scalloped bleaching tray design? A) Scalloped trays seal better than unscalloped trays B) Scalloped trays take less preparation time than unscalloped trays C) Scalloped trays are more comfortable for the patient than unscalloped trays D) Scalloped trays aim to protect the gingiva and exposed root surfaces E) Scalloped trays are trimmed 1-2 mm from the deepest portion of the gingival margin
D) Scalloped trays aim to protect the gingiva and exposed root surfaces(Scalloped trays are designed to protect the gingiva and exposed root surfaces by stopping at the marginal gingiva)
Which statement concerning bleaching tray fabrication for professionally dispensed/professionally monitored products is false? A) An impression of the teeth is needed for tray fabrication B) Thin, vacuum-formed custom trays are made for each dental arch C) Trays are fitted to the patient and adjusted as needed D) Scalloped trays are trimmed at the mucogingival line E) A major goal in tray fabrication is to ensure bleaching material will not come into contact with soft tissues
D) Scalloped trays are trimmed at the mucogingival line (
Which of the following tooth conditions may require 2-12 months of a daily application of a tooth whitening product? A) Dark canines B) Yellow color C) Amelogenesis imperfecta D) Tetracycline stains E) Nicotine stains
D) Tetracycline stains
Which of the following is not a component of patient education about bleaching products? A) Effective daily biofilm removal before using bleaching material B) Removal of excess bleaching material after use C) Avoidance of over-filling tray to protect the soft tissue D) Use of an abrasive whitening dentifrice E) Avoidance of foods that stain teeth
D) Use of an abrasive whitening dentifrice (The use of a nonabrasive dentifrice should be encouraged to prevent excess irritation to the tooth structure during bleaching treatment. An abrasive dentifrice can contribute to sensitivity when bleaching
Which of the following is not a contraindication when a light is used for the activation of bleaching? A) patient who is light sensitive B) A patient who is taking a photosensitive medication C) A patient receiving photochemotherapeutic drugs D) Exposure to ultraviolet radiation by some lights for patients with a history of skin cancer E) A patient that has amalgam restorations present
E) A patient that has amalgam restorations present
All but one of the following are steps when performing nonvital tooth bleaching. Which is the EXCEPTION? A) Photograph of the tooth to be bleached with shade guide B) Perform dental hygiene services to remove extrinsic stain and calculus C) Apply rubber dam isolation to prevent contamination of root canal therapy D) Irrigate access cavity with copious amount of water and dry well without desiccating E) A permanent restoration is placed after the initial addition of the bleaching material
E) A permanent restoration is placed after the initial addition of the bleaching material (A temporary restoration should be placed after the medicament is placed in the pulp chamber. The patient returns in 3-7 days and the procedure is repeated until a satisfactory result is obtained. A permanent restoration is placed upon successful completion of bleaching.)
Which of the following is a correct statement regarding strips used as a over-the-counter bleaching product? A) Carbamide peroxide is placed on the strips B) Strips are placed on the teeth up to 5 times per day C) Strips should be placed on the teeth for around 2 hours at a time D) Strips should be used for approximately 2 months E) A polyethylene film strip is used to deliver the bleaching material
E) A polyethylene film strip is used to deliver the bleaching material (Hydrogen peroxide is delivered on polyethylene film strips for this over-the-counter bleaching product. Strips are placed on the teeth up to two times per day for 30 minutes for about 2 weeks)
Which of the following tooth conditions responds best to tooth whitening? A) Dental caries B) Dentinogenesis imperfecta C) Root exposure D) Enamel white spots E) Aging
E) Aging (Dental caries should not be bleached. Root exposure should be treated with periodontal coverage. Enamel white spots normally do not bleach well. No significant improvement is seen with bleaching dentinogenesis imperfecta. When bleaching teeth due to aging, excellent results are seen and a more youthful appearance is provided)
Which of the following are drugs NOT associated with potential photosensitivity and hyperpigmentation when using a light for bleaching? A) Acne medications B) Anticancer drugs C) Diuretics D) Antipsychotics E) Anticoagulants
E) Anticoagulants (Light activated bleaching products have no effect upon anticoagulants, while the remainder of the medications listed do have the potential for photosensitivity and hyperpigmentation)
