Chapter 6-French Revolution
What city became center of growing unrest
Paris
Nepotism
Person in authority shows favoritism to family members-ex.jobs
Who was leading German nation
Prussia
Mercantilism
Put tariffs on imports while Canda and other colonies provided raw materials, ex-furs, fish, timber
France's colors
Red, white, blue
Congress of Vienna met together to do what
Redraw boundaries of Europe
Paris was center of what
Revolution
Who on what side called conservatives-wanted less dramatic changes-allow him to be constitutional monarch
Right side
What did Napoleon find
Rosetta Stone
Who refused to obey Continental System
Russia
Palace of Versailles
Set standard for architecture, art, music that rest of Europe followed
Where was Napoleon finally exiled to
St.Helena
By 1802, Napoleon had what
Taken control of Directory
What did Thomas Jefferson help write
The Declaration of the Rights of Man
They formed a coalition to keep Revolution from spreading to
Their countries
July 14, 1789
Thousands attacked Bastille in Paris
What was the goal of indvading Russia
To attack Moscow
Why did Napoleon use Continental System
To hurt England financially
Tennis Court Oath
To write Constitution-then formed National Assembly
What was the Declaration of the Rights of Man influenced by
U.S. Bill of Rights
Louis XIV moved to court to
Versailles
What did Prussia want
Wanted to lead all German kingdoms to unite into one nation for strength
Where was Napoleon totally defeated
Waterloo
Status quo
Way things were
3rd estate included bourgeoisie who were
Wealthy merchants, lawyers, bankers
Deficit spending
When gov't spends more money per year then is coming in from tax revenue income
Plebiscite
Where voters simply vote yes/no on issue
In rural areas, peasants/poor did what
Worked land
Royalist
person accused of supporting royal family
What were the titles created showing equality for all
"Citizen" and "Citizeness"
Louis XIV slogan is
"I am the state"
France's motto
"Liberty,equality,fraternity"
nouveau riche
"New rich"-people now wealthy due to Austrian War as opposed to "old" rich/nobility before revolution
Louis XIV called what
"Sun King"
3rd Estate also included sans culottes-
"Without knee britches"
Goals of Congress of Vienna
1.Stability in Europe-return of 1792 status quo 2.stop spread of French Revolution ideas to other nations 3."balances of power" system to keep France from rising up again
Only 2nd Estate could be:
1.high government jobs 2.church offices 3.army officers
Regin of Terror
1793-1794-sans culottes-poorest-took control of Revolution
Napoleonic Wars lasted
1803-1815-England was main opponent
What year did Napoleon and his wife get crowned emperor and empress
1804
By what year did Napoleon control of most of Europe
1810
All tax $$$ came from who
3rd Estate
Who swore Tennis Court Oath
3rd Estate representatives
January 1815, only what made it out
40,00
Richelieu worked to make Louis what
Absolute monarch
Who met together in Vienna,Austria-called Congress of Vienna
Austria, England, Russia
Russian winter nicknamed the what
Bear
Louis XIV is member of what family
Bourbon
Who was also executed
Bourgeoisie and servants
Old Regime
By law, society divided at birth into 3 estates
Catholic power strengthened under who, served as Chief Minister/guardian to young King Louis XIV (14)
Cardinal Richelieu
Levee
Ceremony of his rising/getting dressed by nobles each morning
Napoleon used what against England
Continental System
Richelieu did what to power of nobility by outlawing private armies-destroying medieval castle
Decrease
Next lawmaking body called what, 1795-1799, 5 man committee that ruled France together
Directory
Louis XIV believed in what
Divine right
Radical left grew, began to what
Dominate assembly
3rd Estate
EVERYONE ELSE, 97%
1598, who was supposed to grant religious freedom to Protestants in France, but Catholic power strengthen
Edict of Nants
Many nobles fled to England or New Orleans called what
Emigres
Who were France's old enemies that joined with Austria to fight France
England, Spain, Portugal, Prussia, Netherlands
Napoleon did what from Ebla
Escaped
Louis XIV didn't allow France's law making body which is who to meet which guaranteed his absolute power
Estates General
Confederation of the Rhine
First step toward Germ unification
Louis XVI called Estates General to meet at Versailles for what
First time in over 100 years
Louis XIV's royal symbol is
Fleur de lis
What spread across France
Great fear
coalition
Group working together political goal
The Declaration of the Rights of Man
Guaranteeing certain basic human rights to ALL and NEW rights for 3rd Estate
Russia avoided big battles against his huge army instead used
Guerrilla/ hit and run warfare and scorched earth
Louis XIV took away whos freedom
Huguenot
During 1500's religious wars in France between Catholics/French Protestants called
Huguenots
National Assembly
Immediately voted ending ALL privileges of nobility-ex. Titles, not paying taxes
What did the tax include
Income, property, poll, Catholic Church tithes, and salt tax
Causes of Revolution in 1789:
Law did not apply equally and nobility punished tenants
Those on what side of Assembly ANGRY-want major changes- called liberals- kill Louis, end monarchy
Left side
Who defeated Napoleon at Battle of Trafalgar off coast of Spain
Lord Horatio Nelson
Who in 1789 began ruling France
Louis XIV(16) and Marie Antoinette
Who in 1718 established New Orleans
Louis XV (15), great grandson
Who were taken to Paris as prisoners
Louis,Marie,children
Thomas Jefferson helped who
Marquis de Lafayette
Who led the Revolution
Maxmillien Robiespierre
Louis XIV followed what
Mercantilism
3rd Estate represented 97% of population- deserved what
More than one vote
General who was 1 of these 5-in charge of military
Napoleon Bonaparte
What happened in 1812
Napoleon invaded Russia with "Grand Army" of over 600,000
What was Napoleons accomplishments
Napoleonic Code, Legion of Honor, New tax system for all, University of France, Louisiana Purchase, created separation of church and state, public schools
2nd Estate
Nobility/Aristocrats people with inherited titles-1.5-2% of population- around 400,000-paid NO TAXES- owned estates with tens of thousands of acres- lived off of RENTS.
1st Estate
Nobles who were Catholic Church officials- less than 1% of population, paid NO TAXES. Only nobles allowed.