Chapter 8 Quiz Review

Kidnapping

Drawing two incumbent candidates into the same district so they must run against each other

Compact state

Ex: burundi, kenya, rwanda, uganda

What is the biggest country in the world ?

Russia

Hijacking

Separating an incumbent candidate from his constituents and placing him or her in a district where he or she has no name recognition.

Racial Gerrymander

The drawing of districts to create opportunity for minority voters to elect a candidate of their choice

Sweetheart Gerrymander

When the people in charge of redistricting both agree yo draw district lines to ensure that incumbents of both parties with reelection

United Nation

a global organization that focuses on peace and security.

Fragmented states

a state that is divided into several discontinuous pieces of territories. Ex: alaska, angola, russia, indonesia, philippines

Federal states

allocate significant power to the units of local government and may also work well in multinational states where there is potential ethnic conflict. (Ex. The United States)

Prorupted state

compact states with a large projecting extension. Ex: Thailand

Unitary state

country that is governed constitutionally as one single unit with one constitutionally created legislature

UNCLOS (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea)

is a body of international law that concerns the principles and rules by which public entities, especially states, interact in maritime matters, including navigational rights, sea mineral rights, and coastal waters jurisdiction.

Packing

placing as many voters of one type in a single district to minimize the number of elections they can influence

Centrifugal force

promotes division within a state—pulls countries apart.

Centripetal Force

promotes unification within a state—pulls countries together.

Cracking

spreading voters of one type over many districts where they will comprise minorities that are unable to influence elections

Perforated state

states completely surrounded by other states. Ex: Italy, south africa

Elongated state

states that suffer from poor internal communications because they are so long and thin Ex: chile, italy, malawi, gambia

Balkanization

when state breaks down through conflicts among ethnicities

Partisan Gerrymander

when the party in control of the redistricting process draws the district lines to maximize the power of their own party

Devolution

which is also the breaking apart of a state