Chemistry Quiz Study Guide

What is potential energy?

Potential energy is energy that is stored.

Ions =

"+" or "-" charge

Scientific Notation

0.000032 → 3.2 x 10^-5 Move decimal point five spaces to the right which then makes this a negative number.

0.001050→

0.001050 has 4 sig. figs.

An Italian recipe for making creamy pasta calls for 0.75 liters of cream. How many cups should you use?

0.75 liters x (1.057 qt. 1 liter) ( 4 cups/1 qt.) =3.171 round to 3.2 cups

Prefix 10 meters

1.) milli (m) =10,000 mm 10 x 1000 = 10,000 mm

1.05→

1.05 has 3 significant figures

1.050→

1.050 has 4 sig. figs.

1.5 has→

1.5 has 2 significant figures

A cyclist rides an average of 26 mi./hr. If she wants to bike 185 k.m. how long must she ride? Express your answer using 2 sig. figs.

185 x (0.621371/ 1 km.) =114.953635/ 1 hr./26 = 4.4 hours

How many kilograms to grams? 1 kilogram = 1000 grams

3.59 kg. x ( 1000 grams/1 kg.) = 3,590 grams

10 meters

2.) centi(c)= 1000 cm. 10 x 100 = 1000 cm.

1 kg. = 2.2 lbs. Convert 200 lbs. to kg.

200lbs. x (1 kg./2.2 lbs.) = 90.9 lbs.

10 meters

3.) Kilo (k) = .001 km 10/10,000 = 0.001

0.00034→

3.4 x 10^-4 If the decimal point is moved to the right, the exponent is negative.

1 inch = 2.54 cm.

31.5 cm. ( 1 inch/2.54 cm) = 12.4015748 inches round to three significant figures 12.4.

5.02 x 89,665 x 0.10 =

45.0118 when multiplying or dividing measurements with significant figures, the result has the same number of significant figures as the measurement with fewest number of sig. figs.= 45.

1 ml. = 1 cm^3 1 cm^3 = 1.32 grams

68.4 x ( 1cm^3/1.32 grams) x ( 1 ml./1 cm^3) = 51.8 ml.

1 meter = 100 cm.

7.3 m x (100 cm./1 meter) =730 cm.

How many millimeters to meters? 1 millimeter = 0.001 meter

8946 millimeters x ( 0.001 meter/1 mm.) = 8.946 meters

5.74+0.823+2.651 =

9.214 = 9.21 It is sometimes helpful to draw a vertical line directly to the "R" of the number with the fewest decimal places. The line shows the number of decimal place that should be in the answer. * WE round the intermediate answer to 2 decimal places (5.74) has 2 decimal places thus our answer it rounded to 9.21.

Convert cms.→ meters Convert 90.0 cm to meters

90.0 cm x (1 meter/100 cm) =0.900 meters

1.10 x 0.512 x 1.301 x 0.005/3.4

=0.010775341 = .001 or 1.0 x 10^-3

4.562 x 3.99870/89.5

=0.20382204 round to .204 because you have 3 sig figs in your smallest part of the problem 3 sig figs = 3 sig figs in your answer.

3.89719 x (782.3-451.88) PEMDAS

=1287.611752 = 1288 four significant figures in smallest part of the the problem four sig figs in the answer.

What is a chemical change?

A chemical change is a change in mater that changes composition.

What is a molecule?

A molecule is 2 or more atoms.

What is a physical change?

A physical change is a change in matter that does not change composition.

What are atoms?

Atoms are submicroscopic particles that are the fundamental building blocks of matter.

3.489 x ( 5.67-2.3) =

Do what is the parenthesis first. ( 5.67-2.3) = 3.37 x 3.489 = 11.75793 = 12 is two significant figures. In 3.37 there is one decimal place and two sig. figs.

A mass recorded as 0.050 has how many significant figures?

Has 2 significant figures. Leading 0's are not significant, trailing zeros are.

What is a homogenous mixture?

Is a mixture such as salt water.

What is kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy is energy in motion.

SI units

Length= M Mass=Kilogram Time= seconds Temperature= Kelvin

What is matter?

Mater is anything that occupies space and has mass.

Mixture

Mixture is a substance composed of 2 or more atoms or molecules.

What groups are there from the periodic table?

Nonmetals, metals, alkaline, alkaline earth, halogens and noble gases.

Atom equals

Protons→atomic number protons + neutrons = atomic mass + electrons

Pure

Pure is 1 type of atom or molecule.

Consider scientific notation 5.3983 →

RULE: If the decimal point is moved to the Left, the exponent is positive. →5.983 x 10^3

Rules for +/-

Result carries as many decimal places as the quantity with fewest decimal places.

Rules for multiplication and division

Result digits with the fewest significant figures.

Rounding 6.442 →

Round to two sig. figs. 6.4

Rounding 6.456 →

Round to two sig. figs. 6.5

What is density?

The density of a substance is the ratio of its mass to its volume.

Density= mass/volume

The jeweler places the ring on a balance and finds that it has a mass of 5.84 grams and the volume of water is 0.556 cm ^3. DIVIDE mass by volume and you get 10.50359712 rounds to 10.5.

What are the two main pieces of scientific notation?

The two main pieces of scientific notation are: decimal and the power of 10 exponent.

What groups are their from the periodic table?

There are two groups from the periodic table group A and group B.

D= M/V

This is the formula for density

Which can you compress solid, gas or liquid?

You can compress gas.

"-"

anion

"+"

cation

Isotope

one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but with different numbers of neutrons ex. 6 C 12.01 to 6 C 13.01 ← Isotope different atomic mass different number of neutrons.

What is the formula for temperature change?

q=m x c x Delta symbol T

What is a heterogenous mixture?

such as oil and water, is separated into two or more regions with different compositions.