Chemistry Review: Chapter 4 The Structure of the Atom

charge

Gamma rays have no-------and or not affected by charged plates.

Atomos

"-------"means"indivisible" or "uncuttable".

both protons & neutrons

---------are subatomic articles with relatively large masses that are located in the dense, central nucleus of an atom.

Sir Joseph J Thomson

-------demonstrates that Cathode rays can be deflected by magnets or electronically charge plates.

proton, neutron

-------has a mass equal to 1 amu.

electrons

-------occupy most of the volume of an atom.

proton

A(n) ------is a positively charged subatomic particle with a relatively large mass found in the nucleus of an atom.

The law of multiple proportions

According to --------,two elements can combine to form more than one compound. The masses of the elements in the compound or in small hole -number ratios.

Metalloid

According to its position on the periodic table, arsenic (As) is a?

carbon-12

An atomic mass unit (amu) is equal to 1-12th the mass of a------atom.

positively

Beta particles bend toward the------ charged plate, because beta particles or negatively charged.

mass

Beta particles have much less------than alpha particles and or more greatly affected by electric fields.

14

How many electrons does an atom of the isotope -silicone -29 contain?

74

How many neutrons are present in the nucleus of a typical atom of iodine (I)?

2

How many neutrons does an atom of the isotope-hydrogen -3 contain?

Goldstein's cathode ray tube had a cathode with holes in it.

How was the cathode ray tube used by Goldstein (when he observed canal rays) different from the cathode ray tube used by Thomson (when he discovered electrons)?

anode(+) to cathode(-)

In a cathode ray tube, canal rays (protons) travel from

cathode (-) to anode (+)

In a cathode ray tube, electrons travel from

the electrodes take on the charge of the battery terminal to which they are connected

In a typical Cathode ray tube,

divisible

In the late 1890s, the charge to mass ratio of electrons was determined. This supported Thompson's idea that Atoms were------

11.01%

Magnesium has three isotopes. Magnesium -24 (78. 99% abundance), magnesium -25 (10. 00% abundance), and magnesium -26 (-----abundance).convert the % into decimal form by dividing by 100

63.55

Only two isotopes of copper occur naturally, copper -63 (Atomic mass 62. 9296 ; Abundance 69.17%) and copper -65 (atomic mass 64. 9278; abundance 30. 83%). What is The atomic weight of copper?

cathode ray

Search Joseph J Thomson determined that a-------is a stream a very small negatively charged subatomic particle with extremely small mass. He call these particles electrons.

1/10,000

The diameter of the nucleus of an atom is approximately--------The diameter of the atom.

noble gas

The element helium (He) is considered a/an?

nucleus

The mass of an atom is concentrated in its-------.

14

The nucleus of an atom of carbon - 14 contains six protons and eight neutrons. Six electrons orbit the nucleus in the electron cloud. What is the mass number of this element?

19,20

The nucleus of potassium -39 Atom has-----protons and------neutrons.

19, 22

The nucleus of potassium -41 atom has-----protons and-------neutrons.

neutrons

The number of-------in an atomic nucleus does not affect the chemical properties of the atom.

protons

The number of-----in an atomic nucleus identifies the element.

2+

What is the charge of an alpha particle?

carbon-12

What isotope was used as the standard in establishing the atomic mass scale?

Rutherford

What scientist discovered the three basic types of radiation?

Alpha particles

What type of radiation did Rutherford beam at a thin sheet of gold foil?

neon-22

Which isotope has a greater mass, neon -20 or neon -22?

2.9x10 power of 22 atoms

Which of the following choices best represents the Number of atoms in a penny?

all of the above

Which of the following is a true statement? atoms are electrically neutral. the atomic number of an element indicates the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom. in a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.

he discovered that negativity-charged electrons were responsible for deflecting alpha particles

Which of the following statements is not true about Rutherford's gold foil experiment? he discovered that atoms have a dense positively charged nucleus. he found that a small portion of the alpha particles bounced back or were deflected. he was testing the plum pudding model; proposed by Thomas. he discovered that negativity-charged electrons were responsible for deflecting alpha particles

all of the above

Which of the following statements is true? all atoms of the same element must contain the same number of protons. isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass number. in isotopes, the mass number varies because the number of neutrons varies.

Electron

Which sub -atomic particle was discovered first

Electrons

Which subatomic particle is most important in determining the chemical properties of atoms?

Scientific problem-solving methods have not been developed yet

Why was the Greek philosopher Demetrious unable to answer challenges to his "atomic "theory that matter was not infinitely divisible?

all of the above

according to Thomson's cathode ray tube experiments,-electrons were smaller than hydrogen atoms-a cathode ray is a stream of charged particles-Dalton was wrong; atoms were divisible-the charge to mass ratio of cathode ray part. suggest the existence of subatomic particles(electrons)