Clinical Psychology Test 1 Practice Questions

How do social workers differ from clinical psychologists? A. Social workers typically lack a doctoral degree and training in assessment techniques. B. Social workers are awarded the SocD degree rather than the PhD or PsyD. C. Social workers typically treat elderly clients, while clinical psychologists focus exclusively on children and working adults. D. Social workers utilize a broad range of assessment instruments in their everyday work, while clinical psychologists are less likely to engage in assessment activities.

A. Social workers typically lack a doctoral degree and training in assessment techniques.

A strong professional relationship between client and therapist is crucial to any successful therapy. A. True B. False

A. True

Appropriately trained psychologists may prescribe psychoactive medications in all 50 states. A. True B. False

A. True

Assessment was the most prominent clinical activity in the early years of the profession of clinical psychology. A. True B. False

A. True

Charles Spearman created the concept of "g," a general intelligence thought to overlap with many specific abilities. A. True B. False

A. True

Compared to the training of clinical psychologists, professional counselors typically earn a master's degree rather than a doctoral degree. A. True B. False

A. True

Studies suggest that psychologists diagnose clients differently depending on how they pay for treatment. A. True B. False

A. True

The majority of psychoactive medications are prescribed primary care physicians. A. True B. False

A. True

The founder of the York Retreat in England, ______ was one of the first individuals to establish a residential facility in which the mentally ill were treated with kindness, decency, and dignity. A. William Tuke B. Dorothea Dix C. Philippe Pinel D. Eli Todd

A. William Tuke

What legal precedent was established by the Tarasoff case? A. duty to warn B. right to informed consent C. duty to maintain confidentiality D. right to refuse treatment

A. duty to warn

Although multiple relationships may be somewhat inevitable in small town settings, a psychologist can clarify boundaries and prevent misunderstandings by ______. A. educating clients about the complications multiple relationships can cause as well as the psychologist's ethical obligations B. simply ignoring the issue C. modeling an example of inappropriate behavior for his or her clients by dating a willing client D. actively engaging in multiple relationships with all clients

A. educating clients about the complications multiple relationships can cause as well as the psychologist's ethical obligations

A Guide to Treatments that Work exemplifies the movement toward A. empirically supported treatments B. utilization of the case study model in formulating treatment plans C. psychodynamic treatments the humanistic principles now D. underlying all modern treatment approaches

A. empirically supported treatments

The intelligence quotient is derived from the quotient of ______ and ______. A. mental age; chronological age B. general age; categorical age C. mental potential; chronological potential D. general potential; categorical potential

A. mental age; chronological age

A projective assessment instrument, the Rorschach Inkblot Test relies upon the assumption that ______. A. people's responses to ambiguous or vague stimuli reveal their personalities B. personality can be objectively measured C. each person possesses a unique personality known as "p" D. personality cannot every truly be assessed

A. people's responses to ambiguous or vague stimuli reveal their personalities

What is the primary setting in which clinical psychologists work? A. private practice B. universities C. state psychiatric hospitals D. college counseling centers

A. private practice

Ethical clinical assessment practices may include ______. A. selection of tests that are appropriate for the purpose of the assessment and the population being tested B. inclusion of tests that have become obsolete or have been replaced by revised editions C. selection of tests personally favored by the assessing psychologist D. inclusion of tests for which the costs of administration are lowest

A. selection of tests that are appropriate for the purpose of the assessment and the population being tested

When becoming licensed, a U.S. clinical psychologist must typically pass ______. A. the EPPP and a state-specific exam on laws and ethics B. a state-specific exam on laws and ethics C. the EPPP D. the GRE psychology subject test

A. the EPPP and a state-specific exam on laws and ethics

In multiple relationships, boundary crossings are more severe than boundary violations. A. True B. False

B. False

Informed consent for therapy is a one-time process that occurs at the beginning of treatment. A. True B. False

B. False

Internet gaming disorder is an official diagnosis in DSM-5. A. True B. False

B. False

Successful completion of the postdoctoral internship authorizes a psychologist to practice independently. A. True B. False

B. False

Tatiana Tarasoff is a leading researcher on multiple relationships. A. True B. False

B. False

The DSM shrinks in size with each new edition. A. True B. False

B. False

The Ethical Standards of the APA ethical code are aspirational in nature and are not enforceable. A. True B. False

B. False

The General Principle of Fidelity and Responsibility encourages psychologists to promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology. A. True B. False

B. False

The authors of DSM-5 have been universally praised for the care that was taken to avoid the overexpansion of mental disorders and overdiagnosis. A. True B. False

B. False

The book A Guide to Treatments that Work is the first major publication on telepsychology. A. True B. False

B. False

The most common work setting for clinical psychologists is academia (i.e., at universities). A. True B. False

B. False

The practitioner-scholar model of training is also known as the Boulder model of training. A. True B. False

B. False

Wilhelm Wundt founded the first scholarly journal in the field of psychology. A. True B. False

B. False

World War I is often cited as the event that transformed psychotherapy into a major professional activity of clinical psychologists. A. True B. False

B. False

Which of the following is TRUE regarding psychologists' work with managed care companies? A. Managed care companies typically pay more than clients who pay directly. B. Managed care companies can deny payment for care that they believe is unnecessary, even when the psychologist deems it necessary. C. A client's use of managed care to pay for psychological services does not impact his likelihood of receiving a diagnosis. D. Managed care companies often take a hands-off approach with psychologists, allowing them great flexibility in the type and quantity of treatment they provide.

B. Managed care companies can deny payment for care that they believe is unnecessary, even when the psychologist deems it necessary

Which of the following is NOT an argument that has arisen against prescription privileges for clinical psychologists? A. The practice of psychotherapy by clinical psychologists might decline. B. Prescription medications are generally considered ineffective for treating mental disorders. C. Clinical psychology's identity could become muddied if some psychologists prescribe and some don't. D. Prescribing clinical psychologists may be susceptible to influence from the pharmaceutical industry.

B. Prescription medications are generally considered ineffective for treating mental disorders.

In what way do clinical psychology PsyD programs NOT tend to differ from PhD programs? A. PsyD programs generally place less emphasis on research than PhD programs. B. PsyD programs generally accept and enroll a smaller number of students than PhD programs. C. PsyD programs are generally housed in "free-standing" institutions, while PhD programs are generally university-affiliated. D. PsyD programs generally graduate students in a briefer period of time than PhD programs.

B. PsyD programs generally accept and enroll a smaller number of students than PhD programs.

Which of the following is NOT a suggestion provided by Ragusea (2012), Rummell and Joyce (2010), and Barnett and Scheetz (2003) to clinical psychologists who utilize technology to deliver services? A. Psychologists should know and adhere to all applicable telehealth laws. B. Psychologists should encourage long-distance clients to seek out emergency services on their own. C. Psychologists should stay abreast of new technologies applicable to their online practice. D. Psychologists should obtain informed consent from their online clients.

B. Psychologists should encourage long-distance clients to seek out emergency services on their own.

Emil Kraepelin developed a two-category system for describing mental illness comprised of ______ disorders and ______ disorders. A. logistical; regressive B. endogenous; exogenous C. transitive; innate D. depressive; anxious

B. endogenous; exogenous

The current APA ethical code (2002) is divided into two distinct sections: ______, aspirational goals describing an ideal level of ethical functioning; and ______, enforceable rules of conduct A. ethical standards; general principles B. general principles; ethical standards C. ideal standards ; statutes of action D. statutes of action; ideal standards

B. general principles; ethical standards

A clinical psychologist is considered competent when he ______. A. possesses a doctoral degree B. is sufficiently capable, skilled, experienced, and expert to adequately complete the professional tasks he undertakes C. successfully represses the otherwise debilitating emotions associated with professional burnout D. assumes a "one-size-fits-all" approach to his professional work with culturally diverse populations

B. is sufficiently capable, skilled, experienced, and expert to adequately complete the professional tasks he undertakes

Supporters of ______ believe they add legitimacy to the profession of clinical psychology, establish minimal levels of competence, and decrease psychologists' reliance on clinical judgment. A. continuing education seminars B. manualized treatments C. telepsychology D. qualitative statistical analyses

B. manualized treatments

The professional activity clinical psychologists are most often involved in ______. A. teaching B. psychotherapy C. consulting D. research

B. psychotherapy

Persistent complex bereavement is ______. A. a "proposed criteria set" in DSM-6 B. when a person experiences the death of a loved one and continues to feel intense sorrow for over 12 months C. a symptom of schizophrenia D. often diagnosed in patients with an existing nonsuicidal self-injury diagnosis

B. when a person experiences the death of a loved one and continues to feel intense sorrow for over 12 months

The clinical psychology education and training model that emphasizes roughly equal parts science and practice is known as the ______. A. clinical scientist model B. Vail model C. Boulder model D. empiricism model

C. Boulder model

Which of the following is NOT a way in which clinical psychologists generally differ from counseling psychologists? A. Clinical psychologists tend to work with more seriously disturbed populations that those treated by counseling psychologists. B. Counseling psychologists are more likely to work in university counseling centers than clinical psychologists. C. Clinical psychologists are more interested in vocational testing and career direction than counseling psychologists. D. Clinical psychologists tend to be more interested in the application of psychology to medical settings than counseling psychologists.

C. Clinical psychologists are more interested in vocational testing and career direction than counseling psychologists.

Prescription privileges have been granted to appropriately trained clinical psychologists in which states? A. Alaska and Maine B. Arizona and Utah C. Louisiana, New Mexico, and Illinois, Iowa, and Idaho D. Indiana, New Jersey, and Missouri

C. Louisiana, New Mexico, and Illinois, Iowa, and Idaho

Which of the following is TRUE regarding graduate training in clinical psychology? A. Predoctoral internships are optional. B. All students entering doctoral programs in clinical psychology have previously earned master's degrees elsewhere. C. Programs that subscribe to the clinical scientist model of training typically award the PhD degree. D. Programs that subscribe to the scientist-practitioner model of training typically award the PsyD degree.

C. Programs that subscribe to the clinical scientist model of training typically award the PhD degree.

What is the most prominent way in which the WISC differentiated itself from the Stanford-Binet upon its release in 1949? A. The WISC identified seven factors of verbal intelligence, while the Stanford-Binet yielded only three. B. The WISC could be administered to individuals between ages 11 and 39, while the Stanford-Binet was restricted to ages 19-31. C. The WISC included specific subtests as well as verbal and performance scales, while the Stanford-Binet yielded only an overall IQ. D. The WISC included accommodations for color-blind individuals, while the Stanford-Binet offered no such concessions.

C. The WISC included specific subtests as well as verbal and performance scales, while the Stanford-Binet yielded only an overall IQ.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of multiple relationships? A. Not every multiple relationship is, by definition, unethical. B. Multiple relationships are, in general, ethically treacherous territory. C. The nonprofessional involvement between a client and clinical psychologist must be sexual to qualify as a multiple relationship. D. It is possible to engage in a multiple relationship that is neither impairing to the psychologist nor exploitive or harmful to the client.

C. The nonprofessional involvement between a client and clinical psychologist must be sexual to qualify as a multiple relationship.

Psychiatrists ______. A. tend to emphasize sociocultural aspects of clinical problems to a greater extent than clinical psychologists B. earn a PhD or PsyD C. are medical professionals D. earn a doctor of psychiatry degree from an independent school of psychiatry

C. are medical professionals

The ______ revolution took root in the 1950s, understanding mentally ill individuals as symptomatic of a flawed system. A. neo-Freudian B. behavioral C. family systems D. humanistic

C. family systems

When Lightner Witmer told his colleagues in 1897 to "throw light upon the problems that confront humanity," he was encouraging them to ______. A. prescribe psychiatric medication B. create psychological journals C. open and operate psychological clinics D. conduct psychological research

C. open and operate psychological clinics

Created during World War I, the Army Alpha and Beta tests are considered precursors to ______. A. accreditation requirements of clinical psychology doctoral training programs B. Sigmund Freud's landmark psychoanalytic therapy approach C. today's most widely used measures of intelligence D. today's strong relationship between VA hospitals and the training of clinical psychologists

C. today's most widely used measures of intelligence

Which of the following scenarios does NOT illustrate a multiple relationship? A. Dr. Hughes, a clinical psychologist, provides psychotherapy to Susan, her massage therapist. B. Dr. Williams, a counseling psychologist, provides treatment for 15-year-old Brett. Brett's 12-year-old brother, David, also begins treatment with Dr. Williams, although for issues unrelated to those discussed during Brett's sessions. C. Dr. Harper, a neuropsychologist, agrees to conduct a psychological assessment for Rev. Allen, the pastor of the church Dr. Harper attends. D. Dr. James, a clinical psychologist, sees one of his patients in the grocery store and returns her wave hello before continuing with his shopping.

D. Dr. James, a clinical psychologist, sees one of his patients in the grocery store and returns her wave hello before continuing with his shopping.

Leading the American movement for humane treatment of the mentally ill, ______ opened the retreat in Connecticut in 1824, a facility which allowed patients to have significant input in their treatment decisions. A. William Tuke B. Dorothea Dix C. Phillippe Pinel D. Eli Todd

D. Eli Todd

Which of the following is NOT a criticism discussed in the textbook of the DSM-5's tendency to overpathologize and overexpand mental disorders? A. The age by which symptoms for ADHD symptoms must appear was raised from 7 to 12 in DSM-5. B. DSM-5's revised bulimia nervosa symptoms only require binging to occur once per week rather than twice. C. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is basically the diagnosis of severe premenstrual syndrome symptoms. D. In DSM-5, the number of symptoms required for major depressive disorder was raised from seven to 10.

D. In DSM-5, the number of symptoms required for major depressive disorder was raised from seven to 10.

Based on Fisher's (2017) model, what is the first step in ethical decision-making? A. Consult any law or professional guidelines relevant to the situation at hand. B. Consult with colleagues. C. Become familiar with the APA ethical code. D. Make a commitment to doing what is ethically appropriate.

D. Make a commitment to doing what is ethically appropriate.

A psychologist must obtain informed consent from all of the following EXCEPT ______. A. individuals participating in a research study B. clients receiving psychological assessment services C. clients receiving psychotherapy D. administrative staff that work at the practice

D. administrative staff that work at the practice

The practice of assigning a more severe DSM diagnosis than warranted to a client paying for services through managed care is ______. A. quietly accepted throughout the field of clinical psychology B. a necessity resulting from managed care's restrictions on the number of treatment sessions covered per diagnosis C. explained in great detail in Appendix L of the DSM D. both an ethical violation and an illegal act

D. both an ethical violation and an illegal act

Which of the following is NOT an argument that has arisen in support of prescription privileges for clinical psychologists? A. professional autonomy B. evolution of the profession C. s of psychiatrists D. competition from prescribing social workers

D. competition from prescribing social workers

Which of the following lists the necessary stages for independent licensure as a clinical psychologist in order from first to last? A. predoctoral internship, licensure exams, postdoctoral internship, and completion of graduate coursework B. completion of graduate coursework, licensure exams, predoctoral internship, and postdoctoral internship C. predoctoral internship, completion of graduate coursework, licensure exams, and postdoctoral internship D. completion of graduate coursework, predoctoral internship, postdoctoral internship, and licensure exams

D. completion of graduate coursework, predoctoral internship, postdoctoral internship, and licensure exams

All of the following are ethical concerns arising from the involvement of managed care in psychological services provision EXCEPT ______. A. managed care's involvement can exert control over psychologists' clinical decisions B. managed care's involvement could compromise confidentiality of patient information C. managed care's involvement may impair psychologists' ability to provide appropriate, ethical services D. managed care's involvement may promote better service quality for patients

D. managed care's involvement may promote better service quality for patients

A clinical psychologist providing services via videoconferencing, e-mail, or texting is engaging in ______. A. online psychotherapy. B. techpsychology C. interactive Internet therapy D. telepsychology

D. telepsychology