Communication: chapter 1

social network

a group of individuals who are connected by friendship, family ties, common interests, beliefs, or knowledge.

feedback

a message in response to a previous message indicating whether and how the original message was understood

message

a performance that uses words, sentences, and or nonverbal behaviors to convey the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of the speaker

relationship

a set of expectation that two people have for their behavior with respect to the other, based on the pattern of interaction between them.

ethics

a set of more principles that may be held by society, a group, or an individual.

process

a systematic series of actions that lead to an outcome

communication competence

another person's perception that your messages are both effective and appropriate in a given relationship.

noise

any stimulus that interferes with shared meaning

synchronous

communication that occurs in real time, each interactant is simultaneously a sender and a receiver.

asynchronous

delays that occur in communication; each interactant must take turns being the sender and receiver of a message

media richness theory

describes communication channels by the amount of verbal and nonverbal information that can be exchanged through a particular channel.

semantic noises

distractions aroused by the speakers words that interfere with the meaning.

mobility

extent to which social media are portable and stationary.

communication skills

generic message scripts that are situationally appropriate and effective at meeting the goals of the interaction

social media

highly accessible technologies that facilitate communication and interaction

micro communication skills

learned message templates that have a specific interaction purpose.

communication skill scripts

mental texts that include micro communication skills and usually require a series of messages to reach the communication goal.

effective messages

messages that achieve the goals you and your partner have for the interaction

dark side messages

messages that are not ethical and/or appropriate

appropriate messages

messages that conform to the social, relational, and ethical expectations of the situation.

go viral

messages that reach enormous audiences by infecting viewers and users with the message

external noises

sights, sounds, and other stimuli that draw people's attention away from intended meaning.

interactivity

the ability of a communication tool to facilitate social interaction between groups or indvividuals

emotional intelligence

the ability to monitor your own and others emotions and to use this information to guide your communications

message production

the actions that you perform when you send a message

message interpretation

the activities that those listening to the message perform to understand what the speaker intends.

interaction coordination

the activity participants in a conversation perform to adjust their behavior to that of their partner

communication setting

the background conditions surrounding an interaction including physical, social, historical, psychological, and cultural contexts that influence the understandings in a communication encounter.

historical context

the background provided by previous communication episodes between the participants.

behavioral flexibility

the capacity to react in a variety of ways to the same or similar situations

intimacy

the degree of emotional closeness, acceptance, and disclosure in a relationship.

control

the extent to which each person has power or is "in charge" in the relationship.

trust

the extent to which partners in a relationship rely on, depend on, and have faith that their partner will not intentionally do anything to harm them

psychological context

the moods and feelings each person brings into a personal encounter

physical context

the place where the participants exchange messages

encoding

the process of choosing the words, sentences, and nonverbal behaviors to form a message.

decoding

the process of interpreting the messages we receive from others

cultural context

the set of beliefs, values, and attitudes common to the specific cultures of each participant that influence the understandings in a communication encounter.

meaning

the significance that the sender (speaker) and the receiver (listener) each attach to a message

script

the text that instructs you what to say and do in a specific situation.

temporal structure

the time it takes to send and receive messages or the time that elapses during a communication interaction.

personal identity

the traits and characteristics that taken as a whole distinguish you from other people.

social context

the type of relationship that may already exist between the participants

internal noises

thoughts and feelings that interfere with interpreting meaning

diversity

variations between and among people

social cues

verbal and nonverbal features of a message that offer more information about the context, meaning, and the identities of the involved parties

digital communication

we use social media to express, interpret, and coordinate messages to create shared meaning, meet social goals, manage personal identity and carry out our relationships

shared meaning

when the receiver's interpretation of the message is similar to what the speaker thought, felt, and intended

canned plan

your mental library of scripts that you draw on when you create certain types of messages and that informs how you understand what others say to you.