CST Public Speaking Exam 1

A typical specific purpose statement for an informative speech would start with the words

"at the end of my speech, the audience will be able to.."

While most people talk at a rate of 125 words a minute, people have the ability to listen at up to how many words a minute?

1,200

Studies show that most people talk at a rate of about words per minute and have the ability to listen at a rate of about words per minute.

125, 700-1200

Researchers estimate that you remember 10 percent of what you read, 20 percent of what you hear, 30 percent of what you see, and of what you simultaneously hear and see

50 Percent

The ongoing connection you have with a person is known as

A relationship

In a speech to investors and financial analysts, President and CEO of Coca-Cola Muhtar Kent began by saying, "Are we ready for tomorrow, today?" What method for creating effective speech introductions did he use?

A rhetorical question

What is a good strategy to use to neutralize hostile questions from audience members?

Acknowledge emotions

If an audience member asks a question and you truly do not know the answer, what should you do?

Admit that you don't know the answer

Which of the following speech topics would be a good candidate fo cause-and-effect organization?

Adult illiteracy

Most public speaking teachers recommend that you prepare your introduction and conclusion

After you have organized your body

n his speech, Louis is trying to persuade the local school district to place his Mexican food on the school lunch menu. He has warm tamales and burritos beside him on a table that he shares with his audience. Which aspect of selecting appropriate supporting material is he using?

Appealing to the senses

The most obvious nonverbal response following a speech is

Applause

For Josh's outline, he needs to subdivide his supporting points even further. He should identify these by using .

Arabic Numerals

? are an easy way to designate individual items or thoughts in a PowerPoint presentation

Bullet points

Generating main ideas from a central idea is best accomplished by asking 3 questions: does my central idea have logical divisions? Can I establish several reasons my central idea is true? and?

Can I support my central idea by tracing specific steps

is a learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values and norms shared by a group of people.

Culture

As part of her presentation, Michelle included the famous "I have a Dream" speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. Michelle was using the practice of .

Declamation

Which of the following verbs is most appropriate for Mallory to include in her specific purpose statement?

Explain

In a classic study on listening strategies by Ralph Nichols, poor listeners indicated that they tended to listen for:

Facts

When an audience member claps his or her hands after an especially moving part of a speech, this is a type of .

Feedback

The interactive model of communication added which two elements to the communication process?

Feedback and context

Gabe's central idea for his speech is "A summer of swimming lessons will benefit a child in three ways." What is the best way for Gabe to generate main ideas from this?

Find logical divisions

When Zac located facts, examples, and quotes to use in his speech, he was

Gathering supporting material

In his speech introduction, Jacyn decided to warm up the audience by telling a few jokes. He then proceeded to tell two different anecdotes, and ended his introduction with a quotation. As he moved into the body of his speech, his audience didn't seem to be following him. What mistake did he make?

He forgot the basic purpose of the introduction- introducing his subject

Typically, empathic listening most often occurs:

In a one-on-one situation

A story that has a beginning that sets the stage, a heart that moves to a conclusion, and then an ending that ties up all the loose ends, is using which story-telling technique?

Incorporates Action

Karen is going to use a manuscript to deliver her speech to the city council. Which of the following is a good suggestion for her to follow?

Indicate on the manuscript where to pause or when to emphasize certain words

A conclusion that is based on partial information is known as:

Inference

Which of the four styles of communication apprehension is characterized by having the highest heart rate when speaking publicly?

Inflexible

A central idea should include language that

Is direct and specific

What is one disadvantage of passing objects to the audience during a presentation?

It can be a distraction

What is one benefit of previewing your main ideas?

It helps organize the message

Sylvia put so much information on the whiteboard that it was difficult for her audience to follow along. Which guideline for visual aids did Sylvia fail to follow?

Keep them simple

The main ideas of a speech could also be called the?

Key Points

The four common learning styles include auditory, visual print, visual, and

Kinesthic

A speech topic should be relevant to the interests of the audience and should also take into account the of the listeners

Knowledge

Which of the following is a good example of a central idea?

Maintaining your car regularly can ensure that it provides reliable transportation.

Which of the following is one of the five classical canons of preparing and presenting a speech as identified by the ancient Romans?

Memory

In order to minimize anxiety, it is best for a speaker to focus on his or her

Message

According to the ? theory, people have certain expectations as to how you should communicate

Nonverbal expectancy

Which guideline should you follow when using notecards for your speaking notes?

Number your notecards just in case they get out of order

When developing a speech, Holden created a detailed outline that included his central idea, main ideas, and supporting material. This is known as outline

Preparation

Research shows that you will probably feel the LEAST anxious about a speech when you are .

Preparing your speech

Mandy is going to deliver an extemporaneous speech. Rehearsing her speech delivery will help her to

Present her speech with confidence

Anything tangible that helps a speaker communicate an idea to an audience- such as a drawing video image- is known as a

Presentation aid

Which type of evidence rests on opinion and inference?

Soft Evidence

Christian is preparing a speech on the travels of Robert Louis Stevenson. What organizational pattern would best suit Christian's speech topic?

Spatial

The ? purpose is a concise statement of the desired audience response

Specific

The purpose is a concise statement of the desired audience response

Specific

The purpose is a statement that says precisely what you want your listeners to be able to do following your speech

Specific

In her speech on the imprisonment of nonviolent offenders, Karla begins with a very broad statistic about the number of nonviolent offenders that are currently imprisoned in the US and then begins to compact to make it more precise and relatable to the audience. How is Karla organizing her support material?

Specificity

An initial preview should be presented in conjunction with the central idea during what part of a speech?

The end of the introduction

When Jennifer asked her roommate, "what should I talk about in my presentation?" She was trying to figure out the of her speech

Topic

Karl's informative speech focuses on the life of Abraham Lincoln. For this type of speech, it would probably be best to use a chronological or a organization.

Topical

The topic of Maura's speech is "Sherlock Holmes." She would most likely organize the key areas of her speech .

Topically

Nina has a general tendency to be nervous whenever she has to speak to more than one person at a time. What type of anxiety does she demonstrate?

Trait

The model focuses on communication as a simultaneous process

Transactive

A formal method for gathering information would be a .

Written Survey

Why is the thought that "your audience writes your speech" a valid idea?

Your topic, purpose, and main ideas should be based on a thorough understanding of your listeners

Javier wants to write the central idea for his speech. To do this, he should prepare

a complete declarative sentence

What is the central concern involved in every step of the speechmaking process?

consider the audience

The context of a public speaking situation refers to the ? of a speech

environment or situation

What is the first step a listener should take when listening with empathy?

give complete attention to the speaker

During the Q&A portion of a presentation, the speaker's delivery style changes to speaking

impromptu

The best way to ensure that your introduction introduces the subject of your speech is to

include a statement of the central idea in the introduction

When using text in a presentation aid, you should

limit to key words and phrases

To prepare the room before you speak,

practice using the audiovisual equipment

In order to use handouts effectively, you should

prepare images of each page of the handout to project on a computer-prepared slide

The ultimate goal of your preparation outline is to .

produce a plan that helps you judge the unity and coherence of your speech

Your final speech rehearsal should

re-create, as much as possible, the speaking situation you will face

Kelly's audience seems to be disagreeing with the message of her speech. What can Kelly do to redirect the audience?

remind them of her credibility and credentials

? are cues about the relationships between a speaker's idea

signposts

Which of the following defines the art of extemporaneous speaking?

speaking from a written or memorized speech outline without having memorized the exact wording of the speech

Which of the following is a good suggestion to follow if you can tell your audience seems bored or inattentive?

tell a story

Which of the following is an example of a speaker customizing his or her message to the audience?

the senatorial-candidate started off his speech by commenting on how wonderful it was to be in the great state of New Hampshire

Good listeners focus on:

the speaker's message

The most common presentation aids are

two-dimensional

When using recent events in your speech introduction, you should

use any story that broke within the past year or so, if it is relevant

To communicate nonverbally, a speaker would

use gestures and facial expressions

The best advice to follow when deciding to use an animal in a presentation is to use an animal

with caution

It has been estimated that more than of all information comes to people through sight

80%

The specific purpose should be limited to

A single idea

Stephanie felt like some members of her audience were drifting off and thinking about other things. She decided to try getting their attention by saying "Now you should listen carefully.." What was Stephanie using to combat this situation?

A wake-up message

Nigel believes that his favorite football team will go to the Super Bowl because it has a good record so far this season. Nigel is demonstrating the concept of .

An Inference

Because it is the most inherently interesting type of supporting material, ? can provide the basis for an effective speech introduction by introducing your subject and gaining your audience's attention

An illustration

Sarah described her dream closet as the Louvre Museum with out the art. She was using a

Analogy

Who formulated the guidelines for speakers that we still follow today?

Aristotle

When preparing a speech, a speaker will use disposition in order to .

Arrange ideas and illustrations

LaToya is ready to deliver her speech. What advice would you give her to ensure her speech is successful?

Arrive early for her speaking engagement to prepare the room

Instead of saying "want to," Cara says "wanna". She is having an issue with her

Articulation

In cultures, ? speakers will often only allude to a main point through a circuitous route of illustration and parable

Asian

As a speaker, which of the following should you do in a question-and-answer session?

Ask yourself a challenging question first

During a psychological audience analysis, you would want to consider the of the audience

Attitudes

The audience members were asked to complete a two-question survey as they came into the room. The speaker used the results of the survey to adjust her presentation. This survey provided the speaker with .

Audience Analysis

Jillian will be speaking to an audience who speakers another language. Which of the following suggestions should she consider when working with a translator?

Avoid slang, jargon, and figures of speech

Instead of telling Thomas that he should have spoken louder when pointing out the facts in his handouts, Jennifer mentioned to him that his handouts were helpful in making his point clear. Which aspect of feedback does this demonstrate?

Be positive

Why should you write your preparation outline in complete sentences?

Because if you don't, you will have trouble judging the coherence of your speech

A few weeks after his presentation, Kevin conducted a survey to see how many of his audience members got out to vote. Kevin is looking for a response

Behavioral

When a minister judges the success of his sermon by the amount of money in the collection basket, the minister is using a response

Behavioral

In wording her specific purpose in terms of what she wanted her audience to be able to do by the end of the speech, Michaela has determined her .

Behavioral objective

Which of the following colors is considered to have more calming effect on viewers and would tend to recede into the background in a PowerPoint presentation?

Blue

The central idea of a speech plus a preview of the main ideas are combined to produce a for the speech

Blueprint

The presents the main content of your speech.

Body

What organizational pattern should you consider using if your central idea can be developed discussing either steps or reasons?

Cause-and-effect organization

One sentence summary of the speech content is called the

Central Idea

The one-sentence summary of a speech is known as the

Central Idea

The thesis is another name for the

Central Idea

When the professor asked each student to give him an idea of his or her speech "in a nutshell," he wanted to know the .

Central Idea

Baruch was nervous about his speech, so he took a walk before class. Which tip for building confidence was he demonstrating?

Channel your nervous energy

A ? is an effective way to summarize a great deal of information in a small area of space

Chart

Mojdeh is preparing a speech on the sequence of events that led up to the 1979 Iranian Revolution. What organizational pattern would best suit Mojdeh's speech topic?

Chronological

When a speaker incorporates immediacy behaviors into a presentation, the behaviors provide a perception of

Closeness

Communication occurs when both speaker and listener share the same - both verbal and nonverbal

Code system

The similarities between a speaker and the audience members in terms of attitudes, values and beliefs are known as .

Common ground

According to your text, the number one attribute employers look for in a future employee is

Communication skills

In her speech on new developments in quantum physics, Rhiannon decides to start with her support materials that are easier to understand then progress on to more technical support materials, how is Rhiannon organizing her supporting material

Complexity

Murielle is giving a speech on how to compile a family health profile and history. She has chosen to begin with her most easily accessible source and proceed to the more involved sources. Murielle is organizing her source material using the principle of

Complexity

The Greeks were the first ones to realize that an essential ingredient in a good story is

Conflict

The central idea of a speech focuses on the portion of the speech

Content

The of a speech is made up of things like the time, the place, and the speaker's or audience's cultural traditions and expectations.

Context

If an audience finds a speaker trustworthy, knowledgeable, and interesting, then the audience sees a speaker as

Credible

is defined as the ability to make judgements about the conclusions presented in what you see, hear, and read

Critical Thinking

The art of ? is used in a presentation when the speaker delivers an already famous speech

Declamation

Which of the following words best describes a speech that is designed to inform?

Define

The final phase in the audience-centered informative speaking process is:

Delivery

When creating his speaking notes, Casper inserted reminders like louder and pause to help him communicate the nonverbal messages he planned to do when giving his speech. These are known as .

Delivery Cues

Which of the following is included in speaking notes but NOT in the preparation outline?

Delivery cues

A audience analysis would ask questions about age, gender, and sexual orientation

Demographic

Statistical information about a population's age, race, gender, sexual orientation, education level and religious views are all components of .

Demographics

On the East Coast, it is typical to hear the name Harvard pronounced "Hahvad." This is an example of

Dialect

When developing strategies to adapt to diverse audiences, you should remember that audiences expect between the speaker and the audience

Different levels of immediacy

The organization and arrangement of ideas and illustrations for a speech is called

Disposition

Which of the following is a good suggestion for preparing for a successful performance?

Do a final mental rehearsal right before the speech

Clayton needs to divide his central idea into key points. Which of the following questions should help him do this?

Does the central idea have logical divisions?

Rhetorical criticism evaluates the of a message:

Effectiveness

A good speaker should be aware of two fundamental goals. A speech should be effective, and it should be:

Eithical

Tom called attention to his point by pounding his fist into the palm of his hand. This is an example of the function of gesturing

Emphasizing

When an individual has the information, resources, and attitudes that allow him or her to take action and achieve a desired goal, that person is displaying .

Empowerment

The job of a speaker is to translate ideas and images in his or her mind into symbols than an audience can recognize. This process is known as

Encoding

A speech to inform typically attempts to achieve three goals; to maintain interest, to be remembered and to .

Enhance Understanding

What type of test question is considered open-ended

Essay

The part of a person's cultural background that includes such factors as nationality, religion, language and ancestry which are also shared by a group of people with a common geographic origin is referred to as

Ethnicity

In order to avoid , Charles adapted his delivery style to his diverse audience and tried to view different approaches as merely different from his own, but not right or wrong

Ethnocentrism

Mario is Italian and believes that the practices of his culture are superior to other cultures. Mario demonstrates the idea of

Ethnocentrism

Matt isn't worried at all about speaking in front of a diverse crowd. He knows that his own culture is superior to all others and what he has to say will be recognized as important. Matt is displaying

Ethnocentrism

When you are listening to , you are making a judgement about the content of the message

Evaluate

Facts, examples, opinion, and statistics are all examples of that a speaker can use to support a conclusion

Evidence

The culturally constructed and psychologically-based perception of oneself as either masculinee or feminine is known as

Gender

When the professor asked the class to decide if their speeches would inform, persuade, or entertain, he was asking them to determine the .

General purpose

Brainstorming and Internet searches are just two ways to

Generate a speech topic

What ancient Romans referred to this specific speech skill as an invention, today we would say we were:

Generating main ideas

What does "agogus" mean?

Guide

Factual examples and statistics are ?evidence

Hard

Audience members from a ? culture are unlikely to expect a delivery style including passionate gestures and overly dramatic facial expressions

High context

Which of the following is NOT a standard question to consider when determining the speech topic?

How many speakers will be presenting

Which of the following is an example of positive self-talk?

I have practiced this speech many times

As a speaker, it is always important to remember Murphy's Law that says

If something can go wrong, it will

When a speaker makes eye contact, uses appropriate gestures, and adjusts his or her physical distance to enhance the quality of a presentation, that speaker is aware of

Immediacy behaviors

"Speaking off the cuff," is another term for ? speaking

Impromptu

The speaking method is often described as "thinking on your feet"

Impromptu

Students in a classroom typically listen for:

Information

Which of the following is a good description of the working memory theory of listening?

Information Overload

Kory does not mind speaking in public. He has given many speeches and has a low heart rate when speaking. He rates his performance as moderately successful. Kory's communication apprehension would MOST LIKELY be labeled as .

Insensitive

Which of the following methods can be used to create an effective conclusion, but NOT an effective introduction?

Inspirational appeals or challenges

A ? summary occurs within the body of a speech and restates the ideas that have been developed up to that point

Internal

? are often used in combination with internal previews to form transitions between major points and ideas

Internal summaries

A speaker should determine whether a topic is relevant to the audience by taking into consideration the audience's interests, expectations, and .

Knowledge of the subject

models of communication were developed by the earliest communication theorists.

Linear

Which of the following is a specific verb?

List

What is a formal system of rules used to reach a conclusion?

Logic

Johann has organized his speech based on the four things his audience should do to get a better grade on the ACT. By doing this, he has identified the of his speech.

Main Ideas

The content of a speech and the mode of its delivery form the

Message

When you are a listener, you are open-minded and put your own thoughts aside when listening to others.

Mindful

A speaker brings in a small airplane to demonstrate the parts of the fuselage. The airplane is a ?

Model

At the end of her speech, Roxanne urged her audience to call and write their state representatives to express their opposition to fracking in their state. She is attempting to rovide closure by

Motivating her audience to respond

Anything that interferes with the communication of a message is called .

Noise

? is particularly important in communicating feelings, emotions, attitudes, likes, and dislikes to an audience

Nonverbal behavior

When a listener smiles at a speaker, it is a type of

Nonverbal cue

After delivery an emotionally riveting illustration in her speech introduction, Janisse paused and looked up from her notes to indicate to her audience that she was moving on to the body of her speech. Janisse is using .

Nonverbal transitions

Through out her speech she uses phrases like, "my first point is.." and "Now, for my second point" what strategy is Nora using to achieve her goal?

Numeric Signposts

When a speech focuses on anything you can see or touch, you are using a as the subject of the speech

Object

Previewing your main ideas in your introduction improves your speech by helping to

Organize the message

During the Monday morning lecture, Linda was more concerned with what happened over the weekend than with what the professor had to say. Which barrier to effective listening is she dealing with?

Personal concerns

Carolyn's specific purpose is "At the end of my speech, the audience will use the workout facility on campus." The purpose of her speech is to .

Persuade

Television ads and sales presentations are both examples of speeches that are designed to

Persuade

A good story that is used to maintain audience interest will incorporate all of the following ideas EXCEPT .

Persuasion

The ? graph looks somewhat less formal and less intimidating than the other kinds of graphs

Picture

As he was brainstorming, several of Greg's ideas led naturally to other ideas. The text referes to this as .

Piggybacking

When you listen for , you should just enjoy what you hear

Pleasure

Which statement about practicing your speech is the best advice?

Practice makes perfect if practice is perfect

Which of the following is recommended by your authors when rehearsing your speech?

Practice making eye contact

Morgan decided that no matter what the speaker had to say, it would have little value to her because she has no interest in politics. Morgan is demonstrating which listening barrier?

Prejudice

When Candice saw how sloppily the speaker was dressed, she immediately dismissed anything he was about to say. Her response is an example of:

Prejudice

is an increasingly popular presentation software program that is cloud-based - the information is accessed on an Internet "cloud" rather than on your own computer

Prezi

The principle ? of suggests that you discuss your most important or convincing point first in your speech

Primacy

Kim is speaking on the process of making state laws. The subject of her informative speech is a:

Procedure

? is defined as the use of sounds to form words clearly and accurately

Pronunciation

An effective conclusion will serve two purposes: It will summarize the speech and

Provide closure

If in your speech conclusion you encourage your audience to write a letter, buy a product, or make a call, then you are attempting to ? by motivating your audience to respond

Provide closure

In order to create an effective speech introduction, a speaker must remember the importance of ? the degree to which the information affects your listeners directly

Proximity

When audience members feel that they are or could be personally involved they are more likely to respond to a speakers message. This means the speaker should utilize the principle of ? to motivate audiences

Proximity

An instructor giving a lecture, the president addressing Congress at the State of the Union, and a monologue on a late-night talk show are all examples of:

Public Speaking

The process of presenting a message to an audience, small or large is referred to as:

Public Speaking

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the difference between public speaking and conversation?

Public Speaking requires preparation

The individual audience member is otherwise known as the

Receiver

According to the text, the best public-speaking topics are those that

Reflect a personal experience

he text describes a study in which people were given 15 seconds to memorize a group of random letters. According to the experts, the people could remember about half of the letters. What did the experts do to increase the participants' ability to memorize the letters?

Regroup the letters into acronyms

Lana is rehearsing her presentation. Which of the following tips should she be sure to follow?

Rehearse while standing up

If Nora wants her presentation aids to have a maximum impact on her audience, she should

Rehearse with her presentation aids

Jared told his audience, "Of all the things I have said to you today, this next point is the most important of all and the one I want you to remember." What technique is he using to help enhance audience recall?

Reinforce key ideas verbally

Janice is very comfortable listening to people express feelings and emotions. She would be considered a -oriented listener.

Relational

There are several ways to become an active listener. You can re-sort, rephrase, and key information while listening to a speech.

Repeat

While listening to the speaker's presentation, Steven listened for the main ideas and then tried to mentally summarize what the speaker was saying into a phrase that might fit on a bumper sticker. What technique did Steven use to help him be an active listener?

Rephrasing

Justing felt like the speaking was rambling, so he thought to himself about what happened first, second, and so on, during the speech so far. He was being an active listener by the information.

Resorting

In order to summarize your speech in your conclusion, you should reemphasize the central idea in a memorable way and

Restate main ideas

After Tom's speech, an audience member asked a hostile question. What can Tom do to help diffuse the hostility?

Restate the question

? is the use of words and symbols to achieve a goal

Rhetoric

A listener who evaluates the effectiveness and appropriateness of the message as well as the delivery of a presentation to illuminate that message is known as a .

Rhetorical critic

When you are providing feedback to a speaker, it is best to use I-statements rather than you- statements. By doing this, you are being .

Sensitive

Kendra's speech is about the Battle of Bunker Hill. A historical topic can usually be subdivided into a .

Series of steps

To increase the ease of reading a Powerpoint visual. you should use a font

Serif

A classic research study concluded that people can only hold about pieces of information in their short-term memory.

Seven

When creating a Powerpoint visual aid, it is recommended to use no more than ?lines of text on any single visual

Seven

In the introduction of her speech on the dangers of plastic surgery, Rochelle showed disturbing before-and-after pictures of people whose plastic surgery operations had resulted in severe deformity. The pictures were so upsetting to some members of her audience that they felt the need to cover their eyes. What mistake did Rochelle make?

She gained unfavorable instead of favorable attention

The KISS principle is helpful when you want to enhance audience recall because your key ideas should be kept .

Short and Simple

The key focus on the content of a speech is referred to as

Speech topic

Ordinarily, Carla doesn't have any problems speaking to a group of people. However, she gets nervous when she thinks about having to give a speech to her class. This type of anxiety is described as a .

State

The ? microphone is the type that is attached to a lectern or sitting on a desk

Stationary

Monique plans to keep her presentation simple and informal to match her audience's needs. Her choice is what makes up the of her speech.

Style

The words you choose and your arrangement of those words make up the:

Style

Flipcharts are a good choice to use when you have brief information to display or you want to

Summarize comments from the audience

Reemphasizing the central idea of your speech in your conclusion helps to, ? a primary purpose of an effective conclusion

Summarize the speech

A chart, a poster, and an object are all examples of that can be used in a speech.

Supporting material

Words, images, and behaviors that create meaning are referred as:

Symbols

Michael is using a PowerPoint display throughout his speech. He should remember to keep his eye contact focused on

The audience

Situational audience analysis includes an examination of .

The size of the audience

Who should decide when the Q&A session should end?

The speaker

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the use of supporting material?

The supporting material you use should appeal to your listener's senses

According to the working memory theory of listening, people find it harder to listen when .

Their capacity for listening has been reached

Trisha is about to deliver her speech on the benefits of joining the military. Her speech was designed to be delivered to a mostly male audience, but she notices that the audience is composed of mostly females. In this case, Trisha should?

Try to make last-minute changes in her message to adjust to the different mix of audience members

On the whole, speakers from culture tend to be more linear and direct

U.S.

Trevor has reached a point in his speech in which he does not want to refer to his PowerPoint and wants to be sure his audience is focusing on him. He should

Use a blank Powerpoint slide

When it comes to delivering your speech, you should?

Use some natural variation in your pitch when you speak

The psychological concept that is most resistant to change is a person's

Values

Jennifer had two answers to the question posed by the audience member. In response, she said, "First..." and then noted "My second point is..." These words are an example of ?

Verbal signposts

When preparing his speech, Diego used the words first, second, and third to introduce his main points and to highlight the relationship between his ideas. This type of enumeration is an example of a .

Verbal transition

The text mentions two ways you can reinforce key ideas:

Verbally or nonverbally

A ? learner would appreciate an informative talk that is illustrated with Powerpoint images

Visual

Kim is a ? learner. She would much rather read material than hear it presented orally

Visual Print

is the use of images as an integrated element in the total communication effort a speaker makes to achieve his or her speaking goal

Visual rhetoric

? is the softness or loudness of a speaker's voice

Volume

Throughout her speech, Lottie inserted phrases such as "Now listen carefully," and "I'm only going to say this once.." These types of phrases are referred to as:

Wake-up messages

Which of the following questions would be found on a demographic survey?

What is the highest level of schooling you obtained?

The central idea of a speech is also to answer which of the following questions

What's my point?

In the example of Ed Garcia, the student who is writing a speech on college football, what must he do after he narrows his topic?

Write a purpose statement

When Trevor told his audience that water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit at sea level, he was using to support his topic

a fact

? is a question intended to provoke thought rather than elicit an answer

a rhetorical question

To reduce anxiety before the speech, you should

act calm

Martin Luther King's "I have a Dream" speech is a good example of a speech that successfully uses a ? in its conclusion

an inspirational appeal

A - oriented listener will make a good judge or lawyer because he or she enjoys listening to debates and hearing arguments for and against ideas:

analytical

A speaker should establish eye contact with the audience:

and maintain it throughout the entire speech

Adult learning is called .

andragogy

An ? is an illustration or a story

anecdote

is the process of examining information about those who are expected to listen to a speech.

audience analysis

Which of the following does your text present as a good suggestion to follow when trying to build your confidence before giving a speech?

be familiar with how you will begin and end your speech

When you engage in audience adaption, you will:

be likely to help your audience understand your message

Why is it important to demonstrate the principle of proximity in a speech introduction?

because it establishes listening motivation and prevents audience members from turing out

According to speechwriter and communication consultant James W. Robinson, why do inspirational appeals or challenges work so well in speech conclusions?

because they allow the audience to briefly escape from the stressful demands of the real world

When an audience members asks a question during the question-and-answer portion of a speech, the speaker should respond by looking

briefly at the person posing the question and then addressing the entire audience

What is the best way for Ivana to practice her upcoming speech?

by standing up and saying it aloud

As part of an audience survey, Mallory included multiple-choice and true/false questions. These are both a form of questions

closed-ended

? is the quality of a conclusion that makes a speech "sound finished"

closure

During his presentation on cell phones to the retiree group, Joel told the audience that learning to use a cell phone was no different than when they had learned to use a land-line phone. What adult-learning principle was he using?

connect listener's life experience with new information they would learn

Maurice needs to generate some main ideas for his speech now that he has his central idea in place. What would be a question he could ask about his central idea to discover some main ideas?

does the central idea have logical divisions

Which of the following speech forms gives the audience member the impression that the speech is being created as they listen?

extemporaneous

In North America, the most important aspect of delivery during public-speaking is?

eye-contact

When preparing his speech, Marco begins his introduction with an illustration. He then moves onto the body of his speech where he uses expert testimony and then cites some statistics. How is Marco organizing his supporting material in this example?

from "soft" to "hard" evidence

The first step in becoming an audience-centered speaker is to

gather information about your audience

When beginning his speech on the structure of an atom, Rau walked quietly to the podium and said, "Today I am going to talk about the structure of an atom." Rau is failing to fulfill which key purpose of an introduction?

get the audiences attention

A speaker feels empowered when he or she

has the resources, information, and attitudes to achieve a desired goal

The use of presentation aides to supplement your signposts can

help your audience remember key ideas

As a student in a speech class, you should know that one of the best predictors of how well you do in a speech is

how much time you spend preparing your speech

The only time a speaker should distribute handouts during a presentation is

if listeners must refer to the material during the speech

Public speaking differs from conversation in that it

involves more clearly defined roles for speaker and audience than conversation

What is one benefit of using humor in your introduction?

it can help relax your audience

What is one benefit of referring to your introduction in your conclusion?

it provides unified support for the main ideas

If you want your gestures to be effective, you should try to

keep them unobtrusive, so the audience doesn't focus on the gestures themselves

When Niguel was preparing his talk for a group of fifth grade students, he built in lots of opportunities for the kids to participate by raising their hands and clapping in response to a question. Nigel knew that his audience members ? were learners.

kinesthetic

Which of the following is an important factor to use when speaking to listeners who speak another language and will hear the speech through a translator?

learn enough of the language to provide at least an opening greeting

Early model of the communication process showed it to be a ? process

linear

Maria wants to be sure she uses her gestures effectively during her presentation. Which of the following suggestions is a good one for her to consider?

make gestures relaxed, not rigid

When it comes to size of charts or computer-generated images

make it big

One advantage of ? speaking is that is allows you too have maximum eye contact with the audience

memorized

When it comes to using fonts in computer-generated presentation aids, you should

not use more than one or two typefaces on a single visual

If your audience knows about an action or program, but does not know the reason for its implementation, the organization would be effective.

problem-solution

To begin his presentation, Michael told the audience that statistics showed that by the end of the year, 20% of them would lose their retirement funds. What technique is he using to customize his message?

relate information directly to listeners

Researchers have found several approaches that are best used when teaching adults. Which of the following is NOT one of those approaches?

repeat all new information a minimum of three times

The basis of the emotional contagion theory is that people

tend to "catch" the emotions of others

What is considered the best predictor of the effectiveness of a speech?

the amount of time spent preparing and rehearsing the speech

When a nonverbal delivery contradicts the verbal message, people tend to believe

the nonverbal message

The most effective visual aids are often

the simplest

The specific purpose of any speech is determined by

the speaker

Which of the following is true of speech previews?

they build audience anticipation of an important idea

Which of the following is the best indicator that your audience is interested in the speech you are giving?

they maintain direct eye contact with you during the speech

Which of the following statements about speaking notes is true?

they should be written in standard outline form

Some experts believe that up to 93% of the emotional content of a message is conveyed .

through nonverbal cues

Audience analysis should take place

throughout the entire speechmaking process

The guideline for developing presentation aids that people violate the most is:

to make them easy to see

Jarish just finished his outline for his speech. According to the text, it is recommended that you finish drafting your outline at least days before your presentation

two

If you have a lot of information, it is better to

use two or three simple charts or slides rather than to attempt to put all your words into one visual

Which of the following is the best advice to give someone who is preparing speaking notes?

use whatever system works best for you as the speaker

Nora wants to use vivid descriptions to clarify the complex process she is describing in her presentation. To do this, she would consider .

using onomatopoeic words