endocrine system - med surg

The nurse is caring for a client who is going to undergo surgery for pheochromocytoma. Which action of the nurse needs correction to ensure client safety? Palpating the abdomen Providing fluids before surgery Administering phenoxybenzamine Initiating an intravenous bolus of alpha-adrenergic blockers

Palpating the abdomen

A client is taught how to recognize indications of a hypoglycemic reaction. Which signs and symptoms identified by the client indicate to the nurse that the teaching was effective? Fatigue Nausea Weakness Nervousness Increased thirst Increased perspiration

Fatigue Weakness Nervousness Increased perspiration

Which side effect should the nurse monitor for when administering androgen therapy? Baldness Headaches Gastric irritation Orthostatic hypotension

Baldness

The nurse is caring for a client with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus who is prescribed a low-sodium diet and chlorothiazide therapy. The client fails to respond to the therapy. Which alternative treatment should the nurse be prepared to administer? Furosemide Indomethacin Chlorpropamide Lysine vasopressin

Indomethacin

Which gland does the nurse state is an exocrine gland? Thyroid gland Salivary gland Pituitary gland Parathyroid gland

Salivary gland

After a head injury, a client develops a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). What should the nurse consider before assessing the patient about the response to secretion of ADH? Serum osmolarity increases Urine concentration decreases Glomerular filtration decreases Tubular reabsorption of water increases

Tubular reabsorption of water increases

A nurse is collecting information about a client with type 1 diabetes who is being admitted because of diabetic ketoacidotic coma. Which factors can predispose a client to this condition? . Taking too much insulin Getting too much exercise Excessive emotional stress Running a fever with the flu Eating fewer calories than prescribed

Excessive emotional stress Running a fever with the flu

A nurse is reviewing several charts. Which condition is an autoimmune disorder? Addison's disease Cushing's syndrome Hashimoto's disease Sheehan's syndrome

Hashimoto's disease

A client complains of joint pain with deformities. On assessing the client, the nurse suspects that the client has acromegaly. Which medication is beneficial to the client? Octreotide Carbamazepine Chlorpropamide Cyclophosphamide

Octreotide

Which hormone levels peak during the client's sleep? Cortisol Calcitonin Thyrotropin Progesterone Growth hormone

Cortisol Thyrotropin Growth hormone

A client has been on a hunger strike for 5 days. Which hormones are providing glucose as energy through catabolism? . Cortisol Prolactin Glucagon Calcitonin Aldosterone

Cortisol Glucagon

Which hormone overproduction is associated with carpel tunnel syndrome in clients? Growth hormone Antidiuretic hormone Parathyroid hormone Aldosterone hormone

Growth hormone

A client is injured in a motor vehicle accident and is admitted to the critical care unit. Twelve hours later the client complains of increased abdominal pain in the left upper quadrant. A ruptured spleen is diagnosed, and an emergency splenectomy is scheduled. What should the nurse emphasize when preparing the client for surgery? The poor prognosis associated with a splenectomy The expectation that postoperative bleeding will occur The high risk associated with the procedure in light of the client's other injuries The presence of abdominal drains for several days after the surgery

The presence of abdominal drains for several days after the surgery

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. What symptom of hypoglycemia is most common and should be taught to the client? Kussmaul respirations Tachycardia Confusion Anorexia

Confusion

Which drug can cause diabetes insipidus? Cabergoline Metyrapone Demeclocycline Aminoglutethimide

Demeclocycline

Which disease is caused by the deficiency of antidiuretic hormone? Acromegaly Diabetes insipidus Cushing's syndrome Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

Diabetes insipidus

Four hours after surgery, the blood glucose level of a client who has type 1 diabetes is elevated. What intervention should the nurse implement? Administer an oral hypoglycemic Institute urine glucose monitoring Give supplemental doses of regular insulin Decrease the rate of the intravenous infusion

Give supplemental doses of regular insulin

The nurse concludes that a client with type 1 diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which responses support this conclusion? Vomiting Headache Tachycardia Cool, clammy skin Increased respirations

Headache Tachycardia Cool, clammy skin

Which gland secretes melatonin? Pineal gland Thyroid gland Adrenal gland Parathyroid gland

Pineal gland

The nurse is assessing a client suspected of having hypersecretion of growth hormone. Which question should the nurse ask the client? "Have you noticed thickening of your lips?" "Do you experience excessive thirst?" "Did you notice increase in frequency of urination?" "Do you experience pain during sexual intercourse?"

"Have you noticed thickening of your lips?"

A client with diabetes is given instructions about foot care. Which statement made by the client shows effective learning? "I will trim my toenails before bathing." "I will soak my feet daily for one hour." "I will examine my feet using a mirror at least once a week." "I will break in my new shoes over the course of several weeks."

"I will break in my new shoes over the course of several weeks."

Which clinical manifestation occurs in a client with adrenal insufficiency? Vitiligo Moon face Hypertension Truncal obesity

Vitiligo

When obtaining the history of a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, what will the nurse expect to discover Edema Anorexia Weight loss Hypoglycemic episodes

Weight loss

After assessing a client's condition, the nurse suspects that the client has diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client would be most appropriate in helping the nurse reach this conclusion? "I am 55 years old." "I quite often feel thirsty." "I eat food every 2 hours." "I have excessive sweating." "I sometimes experience shortness of breath."

"I am 55 years old." "I quite often feel thirsty." "I eat food every 2 hours."

Which statement by a client with type 2 diabetes indicates to the nurse that additional dietary teaching is needed? "I can eat as much dietetic fruit as I want." "I can have a lettuce salad whenever I want it." "I know that half of my diet should be carbohydrates." "I need to reduce the amounts of saturated fats in my diet."

"I can eat as much dietetic fruit as I want."

A registered nurse is teaching the student nurse the precautions to follow when blood samples are collected. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning? "I can place the specimen with other samples." "I can use a single-lumen line to obtain samples." "I should not reveal the test procedure to the client." "I should not place the blood samples collected for adrenaline on ice."

"I can use a single-lumen line to obtain samples

The primary health care provider prescribes fludrocortisone to a client with adrenal gland hypofunction. What does the nurse instruct the client about this medication? "Report symptoms of diarrhea." "Regularly monitor blood pressure." "Monitor temperature every 5 hours." "Report signs of changes in facial features."

"Regularly monitor blood pressure."

A nurse is caring for a client with hypoglycemia. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate in managing the client's condition? Administering insulin Administering glucagon Administering IV glucose Administering oral hydrocortisone Administering somatostatin

Administering glucagon Administering IV glucose Administering oral hydrocortisone

Which hormonal deficiency causes diabetes insipidus in a client? Prolactin Thyrotropin Luteinizing hormone (LH) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A client's laboratory values demonstrate an increased serum calcium level, and further diagnostic tests reveal hyperparathyroidism. What clinical manifestations might the nurse identify when assessing this client? . Muscle tremors Abdominal cramps Increased peristalsis Cardiac dysrhythmias Hypoactive bowel sounds

Cardiac dysrhythmias Hypoactive bowel sounds

The registered nurse is caring for a client hospitalized with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Which action performed by the nurse may result in a positive outcome of the treatment? Obtaining the client's weight weekly Elevating the head of the bed to 20 degrees Changing the position of the client frequently Restricting the client's total fluid intake to 500 mL/day

Changing the position of the client frequently

What expected effect of increased serum cortisone levels does a nurse consider when caring for clients with multiple physical and emotional problems? Accelerated wound healing Blocked gluconeogenesis in the liver Decreased pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Impaired tolerance of stressful situations

Decreased pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A nurse is assessing a client with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect? . Dry skin Abdominal pain Kussmaul respirations Absence of ketones in the urine Blood glucose level of less than 72 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) Eugene off target

Dry skin Abdominal pain Kussmaul respirations

A nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism. Which laboratory test will be most beneficial in monitoring the effectiveness of drug therapy? Free thyroxine (FT 4) Thyroxine (T 4), total Free triiodothyronine (FT 3) Triiodothyronine (T 3), total

Thyroxine (T 4), total

A client is diagnosed with Cushing syndrome. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to increase in a client with Cushing syndrome? Urine output Glucose level Serum potassium Immune response

Glucose level

A client suspected of having a hyperactive thyroid is scheduled for protein-bound iodine, T 3, and T 4 laboratory tests. What should the nurse ask the client to ensure accuracy of the test? Allergies to seafood Consumed more protein than usual Had anything to drink before the test Had recent x-rays using radiopaque dye

Had recent x-rays using radiopaque dye

A nurse is caring for a client newly admitted with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Which clinical findings does the nurse expect when assessing this client? . Headache Palpitations Diaphoresis Bradycardia Hypotension

Headache Palpitations Diaphoresis

A nurse is caring for a client with Cushing syndrome. Which cardiovascular complication should the nurse assess for in this client? Chest pain Tachycardia Hypertension Atrial fibrillation

Hypertension

The registered nurse is teaching the student nurse how to care for a client with hyperpituitarism who is being treated with bromocriptine mesylate. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning? Gastric irritation should be reported immediately. Drug dose should be reduced if pregnancy occurs. Drug should be taken 30 minutes after meals. Low dose of the drug should be given while initiating therapy.

Low dose of the drug should be given while initiating therapy.

Which drug acts as an abortifacient in female clients? Mifepristone Metyrapone Cyproheptadine Aminoglutethimide

Mifepristone

A client with a primary brain tumor has developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse will expect to see which clinical findings upon assessment? Nausea and vomiting Hyperthermia Bradycardia Increased weight Decreased serum sodium Decreased level of consciousness

Nausea and vomiting Increased weight Decreased serum sodium Decreased level of consciousness

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. Which clinical manifestations does the nurse expect to identify? . Polyuria Obese trunk Hypotension Sleep disturbance Thin arms and legs

Obese trunk Sleep disturbance Thin arms and legs

Which carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer and is most often found in younger women? Papillary carcinoma Follicular carcinoma Medullary carcinoma Anaplastic carcinoma

Papillary carcinoma

Which hormone regulates blood levels of calcium? Parathormone Luteinizing hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Parathormone

A nurse is caring for an adult client with acromegaly. What clinical manifestation does the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Prominent jaw Decreased pulse Increased height Increased sodium

Prominent jaw

Which hormones are secreted by the client's hypothalamus? Growth hormone Follicle-stimulating hormone Prolactin-inhibiting hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Prolactin-inhibiting hormone Corticotropin-releasing hormone

What interventions should the nurse implement when caring for a client with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? Providing frequent oral care Instituting fall risk precautions Restricting fluids to 2 L per day Placing the client in high-Fowler position Monitoring for and reporting neurologic changes

Providing frequent oral care Instituting fall risk precautions Monitoring for and reporting neurologic changes

The blood reports of a client suggest hyperfunctioning of the adrenal glands. Which finding supports the diagnosis? Serum sodium of 130 mEq/L (130 mmol/L) Serum bicarbonate of 24 mEq/L (24 mmol/L) Blood urea nitrogen of 12 mg/dL (4.29 mmol/L) Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L)

Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L)

Which condition is characterized by hemorrhage after a pregnant female delivers? Sheehan's syndrome Cushing's syndrome Addison's syndrome Schwartz-Bartter syndrome

Sheehan's syndrome

A client who has had a subtotal thyroidectomy does not understand how hypothyroidism can develop when the problem was initially hyperthyroidism. On what fact should the nurse base her response? Hypothyroidism is a gradual slowing of the body's function. There will be a decrease in pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone. Atrophy of tissue remaining after surgery reduces secretion of thyroid hormones.

There may not be enough thyroid tissue to supply adequate thyroid hormone.

A nurse provides care to a client following a subtotal thyroidectomy. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Assessing for frequent swallowing Ambulating the client the evening of surgery Assessing for facial spasms, apprehension, or tingling of the lips, fingers, or toes Instructing the client to support the head and maintain the neck in a flexed position Ensuring that oxygen, suction equipment, and a tracheostomy tray are at the bedside

assessing for frequent swallowing Ambulating the client the evening of surgery Assessing for facial spasms, apprehension, or tingling of the lips, fingers, or toes Ensuring that oxygen, suction equipment, and a tracheostomy tray are at the bedside

The nurse provides instructions to a client who is prescribed bromocriptine for hyperpituitarism. Which statement made by the client indicates effective learning? "I should take the drug with a meal." "I should avoid the drug if I get pregnant." "I should check my blood pressure regularly." "I should monitor body temperature regularly." "I should report immediately if I experience chest pain."

"I should take the drug with a meal." "I should avoid the drug if I get pregnant." "I should report immediately if I experience chest pain."

While assessing a client with adrenal gland hypofunction receiving drug therapy, the nurse finds that the client has a round face, rapid weight gain, and swelling in the body. Which medication change should the nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to make? Dose adjustment of cortisone Dose adjustment of prednisone Dose adjustment of hydrocortisone Dose adjustment of fludrocortisones

Dose adjustment of hydrocortisone

A client visits the clinic because of concerns about insomnia and recent weight loss. A tentative diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is made. What symptom might the nurse identify when assessing this client? Fatigue Dry skin Anorexia Bradycardia

Fatigue

The laboratory reports of a client with adrenal adenoma show high urine aldosterone levels and a low specific gravity of urine. The serum potassium is found to be 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L). Which other findings will be present upon assessment? Hypernatremia Hypertension Hypoglycemia Hypercalcemia Metabolic alkalosis

Hypernatremia Hypertension Metabolic alkalosis

A nurse is reviewing a client's history and finds images showing progressive development of facial changes due to acromegaly. Which diagnostic study would have confirmed this diagnosis? Somatotropin Radioactive iodine uptake Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

Which is the target tissue for the parathyroid hormone? Intestines All body cells Mammary glands Sympathetic effectors

Intestines

A client complains of fatigue, hair loss, and weight gain. On assessment, the client is found to have anemia. Which therapy does the nurse anticipate in the client's prescription? Iodine Methimazole Levothyroxine Propylthiouracil

Levothyroxine

Which hormonal deficiency causes breast atrophy in female clients? Growth hormone Luteinizing hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Luteinizing hormone

What is the most important test the nurse should check to determine whether a transplanted kidney is functioning? White blood cell (WBC) cell count Renal ultrasound Serum creatinine level 24-hour urinary output

Serum creatinine level

After reviewing the client's laboratory reports, the physician concludes that the client has primary hypofunction of the adrenal gland. Which clinical manifestation is likely to be observed in that client? Edema at extremities Uneven patches of pigment loss Reddish-purple stretch marks on the abdomen "Buffalo hump" between shoulders on the back

Uneven patches of pigment loss

The nurse is caring for a client with hypothyroidism. Which instruction is most important to provide to the client to help in managing their condition? "Take medication on time" "Perform regular exercises" "Dress warmly in cold weather" "Take more proteins in your diet"

"Dress warmly in cold weather"

A nurse is caring for a client with endocrine problems. Which lab finding will alert the nurse that aldosterone will be released? Hypokalemia Hypoglycemia Hyponatremia Hypochloremia

Hyponatremia

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed desmopressin acetate. What is the expected outcome in the client? Sodium: 136mEq/L Specific gravity: 1.005 Urine output: 3 L/day Osmolarity: 100 mOsm/kg

Urine output: 3 L/day

A client with severe diabetes insipidus is receiving desmopressin acetate, which is administered intranasally in a metered spray. During the follow-up visits, the client reports chest tightness to the primary healthcare provider. Which intervention would effectively reduce complications in the client? . Administration of desmopressin acetate orally Administration of lithium carbonate intranasally Administration of antidiuretic hormone intravenously Administration of antidiuretic hormone intramuscularly Administration of desmopressin acetate subcutaneously

Administration of desmopressin acetate orally Administration of desmopressin acetate subcutaneously

A client with an aldosterone-secreting adenoma is scheduled for surgery to remove the tumor. The client asks what will happen if surgery is canceled. On what fact does the nurse base her response? Heart and kidney damage may occur if the tumor is not removed. Surgery will prevent the tumor from metastasizing to other organs. Chemotherapy is as reliable as surgery to treat adenomas of this type. Radiation therapy or surgery can be just as effective if the tumor is small.

Heart and kidney damage may occur if the tumor is not removed.

The nurse caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can expect to implement which intervention? Intravenous administration of regular insulin Administer insulin glargine subcutaneously at hour of sleep Maintain nothing prescribed orally (NPO) status Intravenous administration of 10% dextrose

Intravenous administration of regular insulin

A registered nurse teaches a student nurse regarding the management of increased potassium levels in a client. Which action performed by the student nurse indicates effective learning? Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate Avoiding potassium restriction Monitoring glucose levels hourly Providing potassium-sparing diuretics

Administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate

A client with diabetic ketoacidosis who is receiving intravenous fluids and insulin reports tingling and numbness of the fingers and toes, and shortness of breath. The nurse identifies a U wave on the cardiac monitor. What should the nurse conclude is causing these clinical findings? Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hyperglycemia Hypercalcemia

Hypokalemia

The physical examination of a client reveals moon face, buffalo hump, and truncal obesity. The laboratory report reveals salivary cortisol level of 3.0 ng/mL (9.54 nmol/L). Which other manifestations would be present in the client? Edema Osteoporosis Hypogonadism Muscle atrophy Barrel-shaped chest

Edema Osteoporosis Muscle atrophy

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client with diabetes. Which is the most common cause of diabetic ketoacidosis that the nurse needs to consider when caring for this client? Emotional stress Presence of infection Increased insulin dose Inadequate food intake

Presence of infection

Which nursing care should be provided to a client who has undergone unilateral adrenalectomy? Offer a high-sodium diet. Encourage the client to use saliva-inducing agents Instruct the client to wear a medical alert bracelet. Administer temporary glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

Administer temporary glucocorticoid replacement therapy.

A client is admitted to the hospital with a possible diagnosis of Addison disease. What is an important nursing responsibility during a 24-hour urine collection for this client? Keeping the client quiet and reducing stress Assessing the client for signs and symptoms of edema Monitoring the client for an elevation in blood pressure Restricting the client's fluid intake during the day of the test

Keeping the client quiet and reducing stress

The nurse is assessing the client admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further education on sick day management? "I need to stop taking my insulin when I am ill because I am not eating." "I will check my urine for ketones when my blood sugar is over 250." "I will try and take in Gatorade and water when I am sick." "I will continue all my insulin including my glargine when I am sick."

"I need to stop taking my insulin when I am ill because I am not eating."

Which organ has only beta 1-receptors? Liver Heart Bladder Pancreas

Heart

A nurse is assessing a client with a diagnosis of hypoglycemia. What clinical manifestations support this diagnosis? . Thirst Palpitations Diaphoresis Slurred speech Hyperventilation

Palpitations Diaphoresis Slurred speech