Energy Drinks Module 1
Which of the following best describes potential energy?
Stored energy or energy that has the ability to do work because of its position
Which of the following best describes energy?
The capacity or power to do work, or to transfer power elsewhere
Which of the following is most directly responsible for the specific properties of a molecule?
The functional groups that are attached to it
What is commonly found in energy drinks?
Vitamins
Where do nutrients store their energy?
Within the chemical bonds of their molecule structure
the three components that are found in all amino acids
- Carboxyl -Variable R group -Amino group
What are the types of carbohydrates?
- Disaccharides - Polysaccharides - Monosaccharides
What are examples of carbohydrates?
- Glucose - Lactose - Starch
What molecules are considered polymers?
- Polysaccharides -DNA -Proteins
What is typically found in energy drinks?
- Vitamins - Minerals
What are the classes of lipids?
-Phospholipids -Cholesterol -Triglycerides
The three major classes of energy nutrients
-Proteins -Carbohydrates -Lipids
Which of the following is one of the main roles of carbohydrates within living organisms?
-Providing energy storage in plants and animals -Providing energy for life processes -Providing structural support for plants
examples of polymers- molecules made of smaller subunits.
-lipids -DNA -Proteins
Molecules that are examples of lipids
-phospholipids -oils -cholesterol
1) Individual monomer unit, examples include glucose and fructose 2) Two monomers units bonded together examples include lactose and sucrose 3) Many monomer units bonded together, examples include starch and glycogen
1) monosaccharide 2)disaccharide 3)polysaccharide
Energy types in order to describe their flow.
1. Solar energy 2. Chemical 3. Mechanical Energy
In humans, the energy from food is converted into ______, the molecules that is used for all life processes.
ATP
The molecule that is responsible for all of the energy-requiring processes of a cell is called
ATP
When humans consume food, the energy that results from its breakdown is converted into a molecule called _____ that is used for all cellular activities.
ATP
Which of the following best describes the structure of ATP?
ATP molecules are composed of a ribose sugar, a nitrogen-containing adenine molecule, and three phosphate groups.
Which of the following is a role that proteins play in living organisms?
Act as enzymes to digest nutrient molecules
Which of the following statements best describes the structure of carbohydrates?
Carbohydrates are composed of one or more monosaccharides, which are small ringed structures that have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ration.
Nutrients store energy in the nuclei of their atoms. T or F?
False: Energy is stored within the chemical bonds between the atoms of a compound.
T or F: Nutrients store energy in the nuclei of their atom
False: This statement is not true. Energy is stored within the chemical bonds between the atoms of a compound.
T or F: Carbohydrates have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:4:1 ration.
False; Carbohydrates have carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ration.
Molecules that contain both carbon and hydrogen and provide energy for life processes are called
Organic molecules
Which of the following describes one of the functions of lipids in living organisms?
Provide long-term storage of energy?
Which of the following best describes a functional group?
Special combinations of atoms that attach to hydrocarbon chains and rings to form organic nutrients.
Proteins are organic nutrient molecules that are composed of individual units called
amino acids
Organic energy nutrients that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio are called
carbohydrates
Organic nutrient molecules that provide an energy source to cells, as well as provide structural support, are called
carbohydrates
Which of the following is one of the major classes of energy nutrients that the body digests for energy production?
carbohydrates
The energy contained within the glucose bonds found in some food molecules is called
chemical energy
When the bonds within a chemical molecules are broken ______ is released, which fuels life processes.
energy
Forms structural components of leaves, stems, and roots
fiber
Special combinations of atoms that are found attached to hydrocarbon chains or rings are called
functional groups
preferred source for energy production
glucose
Short-term energy storage in animals
glycogen
What is an example of a carbohydrate?
glycogen
the mechanical energy of movement is called
kinetic energy
Organic nutrient molecules that provide energy storage, cell membrane function, and hormone production are called
lipids
The energy that is possessed by an object because of its motion or its position is called
mechanical energy
Glucose is an example of a type of molecule called a ______ because it bonds together to forms long chains of starch.
monomer
Chemical bonds join small molecules called ________ monomers to make larger molecules called polymers.
monomers
Small molecular subunits called _____ form chemical bonds to make large polymers.
monomers
The smaller individual units that combine to form complex carbohydrates are called
monosaccharides
When referring to molecules, the term "organic" means
organic molecules contain both carbon and hydrogen
Chemical bonds join small monomers to create larger molecules called
polymers
Large molecules that are composed of two or more repeating smaller units are called
polymers
Many amino acids join together to form
proteins
The process of photosynthesis converts _____ energy, which is the source of all energy on Earth, into chemical energy, which is usable by organisms for life processes.
solar
long-term energy storage in plants
starch
Which of the following best describes kinetic energy?
the energy of motion
Accepted explanations for aspects of the natural world are called _______
theories
Of the following summaries of energy drink ingredients, select that which is LEAST likely to be included.
waters, sugars, fats, and proteins
