Exam 1

You wish to study a previously undiscovered organism. Which data would give you a quick overview of what the organism transcribes to compare with other, known organisms?

cDNA sequencing

Discovered that DNA has equal amounts of Adenine and Thymine

chargaff

incorporation of amino acids into a growing polypeptide has stopped, which one of the following molecules is most likely lacking in the cell?

charged tRNA

Which of the following represent basic research?

describing the structure of kinetochores, identifying the molecules involved in translation and transcription

In the scientific method, once you have proposed a testable hypothesis, what is the next step?

design a controlled experiment

which of the following represents peer review?

discussing the outcome of an experiment with another student, noticing that the lab protocol has an error, reading a manuscript for a class discussion

Which of the following is more closely related to mRNA?

expressed sequence tag

Griffith discovered that the transforming material was RNA? T/F

false

RNA polymerase II is required for tRNA synthesis T/F

false

RNA polymerase III is required for mRNA synthesis T/F

false

Watson and Crick discovered that DNA was replicated in a conservative manner? T/F

false

prokaryote DNA is linear in form T/F

false

prokaryote RNA has multiple origins of replication T/F

false

discovered the helical form of DNA

franklin

Which of the following is needed to perform PCR?

free nucleotides, DNA polymerase

Which of the following molecules is not needed for DNA replication using PCR?

helicase

In the Avery et al. experiment, what would it have meant if the removal of polysaccharides from the heat-killed IIIS S. pneumoniae cells had led to the living mouse?

it would have shown that the transforming material for mice was polysaccharides

Which of the following carry out their functions in the cytoplasm?

mRNA

The process associated with DNA polymerase is:

mitosis

Which of these Hardy-Weinberg assumptions has changed the most in Humans over the past 300 years?

natural selection

which of the following are required for a population to be in genetic equilibrium?

no mutation, no natural selection, sufficient population size (aka no genetic drift), random mating, no migration

You notice a missing chromosome in a patients karyotype - which of these conditions could be caused by this monosomy?

none of the above

after reading a manuscript, you realize that they used the wrong Human population in their study. This is an example of

poor performance of the research

Molecules required to make a polypeptide

rRNA, mRNA, tRNA, helicase

You have performed a test on a patient and found that the mRNA of a suspect gene in the pathway has a normal transcription level; Which of the following could be the cause of the disease?

siRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production, microRNA is reducing suspect gene polypeptide production, the suspect gene mRNA encodes a defective polypeptide

The temperature required to separate two complementary strands of the same DNA molecule is affected by which of the following factors?

the G/C content of the strand

you have performed an extraction of a eukaryote cells' RNA - you discover that there are no mRNA molecules - what is the most likely cause of this?

the RNA polymerase II genes have been inactivated

What would cause all transcription to stop in a prokaryote

the sole RNA polymerase gene has mutated

Commonly used name for a PCR machine

thermal cycler

The process associated with RNA polymerase

transcription

Process interrupted by siRNA

translation

The process associated with ribosomes is:

translation

this process regulated by microRNA is

translation

a mutation is important for which of the following fields of genetics?

transmission genetics, population genetics, the central dogma

A heated lid on a PCR machine is used to keep your samples from evaporating T/F

true

Avery, Macleod and McCarthy discovered that DNA was responsible for Griffiths' transformation experiment? T/F

true

Eukaryote DNA has multiple origins of replication (True/False)

true

housekeeping genes are always expressed T/F

true

In a diploid cell, mitosis leads to:

two daughter cells

discovered that DNA was the genetic material

Avery, MaCleod, McCarthy

RNA polymerase is not required to make which of the following

DNA

Molecule required for meiosis I and mitosis

DNA polymerase, DNA Template, Helicase, Free Nucleotides

Which process does require complementary base pairing?

DNA replication, siRNA replication, transcription, translation

Which of the following represent applied research?

Finding a cure for Alzheimer's, Describing the structure of kinetochores, identifying the molecules involved in translation and transcription

You need this molecule to make microRNA

RNA polymerase

You have detected a 10-fold decrease in siRNA production in human cancer cells vs a control.

a specific cellular control gene is no longer being silenced

You are studying a new organism. You notice that there are more unique polypeptides than genes - what could be the reason for this?

alternative splicing

Your genome of interest has a 40% G/C content. What is the percent of the genome that is Guanine?

20%

The following is an mRNA sequence. What was the CODING sequence? 5'- AUCCAAAACGUUGA - 3'

5'- ATCCAAAACGTTGA - 3'

Given the following DNA coding sequence 5' - CGATGATGCCTCATTGT - 3', what is the resulting polypeptide in single letter annotation (beginning from the start codon only)?

5'-MMPHC...-3'

Which of the following represents the best possible (not likely to be random)"e" value from a BLAST result?

7e-150

Discovered the structure of DNA

Watson and Crick