Exam 1 - NUR 315
list the benefits of exercise to the musculoskeletal system
increased muscle efficiency and flexibility increased coordination reduced bone loss increased efficiency of nerve impulse transmission
list the benefits of exercise to the metabolic processes and the GI system
increased triglyceride breakdown increased gastric motility increased production of body heat increased appetite weight control increased intestinal tone, improving digestion and elimination
List the order of the stages of infection
incubation, prodromal, illness, convalescent
a leader with a ____________ style would give all control to staff members to determine how to improve collaboration
laissez-faire
what is compassion fatigue?
loss of satisfaction from providing good patient care
what is the trough level of a drug?
lowest blood level of a drug
Sims position
lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back
examples of airborne precautions
measles, varicella, tuberculosis
MRSA and VRE require what type of precautions?
contact
the nurse manager who asks staff members to give suggestions on how to improve collaboration between nurses and health care providers is exhibiting what style of leadership?
democratic
the nurse manager who involves staff members in decision-making by asking for suggestions is exhibiting a _____________ style of leadership
democratic
Influenza, rubella, and diphtheria require _______ precaution
droplet
what are antimicrobials?
drugs that treat infections by killing or slowing the growth of microbes causing infection
In what area is medical asepsis most likely utilized?
every area of healthcare
true or false: a restraint order can be written for PRN use
false
What is the ISBARQ method used for?
for patient handoff/report; to help share information about the condition of a patient
When is airborne precautions used?
for patients who have infections that can spread through the air from one person to another
changes in the color or condition of the hair shaft are related to changes in:
hormonal activity or changes in the blood supply to hair follicles
What are the means of transmission?
direct contact, indirect contact, airborne route
true or false: all microorganisms are harmful
false
examples of antibiotic-resistant infections
CRE, MRSA, VRE, ESBL
what are the steps for doffing PPE?
gloves, goggles, gown, mask
What are the steps of donning PPE?
gown, mask, goggles, gloves
What is asphyxiation?
suffocation
list the benefits of exercise to the respiratory system
improved alveolar function decreased work of breathing improved diaphragmatic excursion
What does the RACE acronym stand for?
-Rescue -Activate Alarm -Confine (Close doors and windows) -Evacuate
What are the 5 rights of delegation?
1. Right task 2. Right circumstance 3. Right person 4. Right direction/communication 5. Right supervision/evaluation
what is secondary traumatic stress?
A feeling of despair caused by the transfer of emotion distress from a victim to a caregiver, which often develops suddenly
what is the difference between abduction and adduction?
Abduction refers to moving a limb away from the midline of your body. Adduction refers to moving a limb toward the midline of your body
A charge nurse on the step-down unit will likely use which leadership style during resuscitation efforts for a cardiac arrest?
Autocratic
list benefits of exercise to the cardiovascular system
increased efficiency of the heart decreased HR and BP improved venous return increased circulating fibrinolysin
what is peak of a drug?
when drug reaches highest blood or plasma concentration
What does ISBARQ stand for?
I - Introduction S - Situation B - Background A - Assessment R - Recommendation Q - Question and answer
what is tertiary health care?
Management of rare and complex disorders
what is normal flora?
Microorganisms that commonly inhabit various body sites and are part of the body's natural defense system
what happens during the vascular phase of acute inflammation?
Small blood vessels constrict in area, followed by vasodilation of arterioles and venules
What is the onset of a drug?
The amount of time it takes a drug to begin working; time needed for drug concentration to reach a high enough blood level for its effects to appear
what are the two phases of acute inflammation?
Vascular phase and cellular phase
Fowler's position
a semi-sitting position; the head of the bed is raised between 45 and 60 degrees
TB and measles are indications for a patient to be on what type of precautions?
airborne
what type of medications are bacterial infections treated by?
antibiotics
what steps of the nursing process should you NOT delegate to someone?
assessment, planning, and evaluation
__________ leadership style would be exhibited by a leader who gave staff little opportunity to give feedback or suggestions
autocratic
which infectious agents are most significant and most prevalent in hospital settings?
bacteria
What are infectious agents?
bacteria, viruses, fungi
What are examples of the portals of exit?
bodily fluids, coughing, sneezing, diarrhea, seeping wounds
what is the term used for a cumulative state of frustration with the work environment that develops over a long time?
burnout
dorsiflexion
movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
What is a reservoir?
natural habitat of the organism
possible reservoirs for microorganisms include:
other people (carriers), animals, food, water, inanimate objects
At what stage of infection is a person the most infectious?
prodromal stage
what happens during the convalescent period?
recovery from the infection
list the cardinal signs of acute infection
redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of function
what term is used to describe keeping objects free of microorganisms and providing information on a sterile field
sterile technique (surgical asepsis)
what is the goal of the clean technique (medical asepsis)?
to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens
________ leadership involves little input by staff into decision-making and is focused on providing rewards when tasks are completed
transactional
what is primary health care?
treatment of common health problems
what is secondary health care?
treatment of problems requiring more specialized clinical expertise
true or false: a side rail is not considered a restraint if the patient requests that it be raised
true
true or false: the door may remain open for droplet precautions
true
Circumduction
turning in a circular motion; combines abduction, adduction, extension, and flexion