Exam #2 Quiz Questions

Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I? a) Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other. b) The chromosome number per cell remains the same. c) Sister chromatids are separated. d) Four daughter cells are formed.

a) Homologous chromosomes of a pair are separated from each other.

A cell has just completed meiosis I and is just beginning meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its contents? a) It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis I. b) It has half the chromosomes but twice the DNA of the originating cell. c) It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the originating cell. d) It is identical in content to another cell formed from the same meiosis I event.

a) It has half the amount of DNA as the cell that began meiosis I.

Compared to most animals, the growth of many plants is best describes as ___. a) indeterminate b) perennial c) weedy d) primary e) derivative

a) indeterminate

The function of sieve-tube elements is to ___. a) transport sugars throughout the plant b) transport carbon dioxide into leaves c) transport water downward d) transport water upward

a) transport sugars throughout the plant

How many copies of chromosome 14 do your egg or sperm cells contain? a) o b) 1 c) 2 d) 4 e) 3

b) 1

You hammer a nail into a tree trunk 3 meters above the ground. The tree is currently 5 meters tall and grows taller every year at a rate of 1 meter per year. How far above ground level will the nail be in 10 years? a) 2 meters b) 3 meters c) 13 meters d) 15 meters e) none of the above are correct

b) 3 meters

Which of these statements is incorrect concerning homologous chromosomes? a) Homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over in prophase 1 of meiosis b) Homologous chromosomes have identical alleles before crossing over c) Homologous chromosomes separate during anaphase 1 of meiosis d) Four sister chromatids are present for each set of homologous chromosomes at prophase 1

b) Homologous chromosomes have identical alleles before crossing over

Trichomes ____. a) increase water loss from leaves b) repel or trap insects c) open and close for gas exchange d) absorb sunlight, increasing the temperature of leaves

b) repel or trap insects

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil? a) sections of the root that have secondary xylem b) root hairs c) storage roots d) the thick parts of the root near the base of the stem

b) root hairs

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis? a) chromosome replication b) synapsis of chromosomes c) production of daughter cells d) alignment of chromosomes at the equator

b) synapsis of chromosomes

Root hairs do not develop at the very tip of roots, but instead at a slightly older region, the zone of cellular maturation. What would be the result if root hairs developed at the very tip of roots? a) the root would not be able to detect gravity b) the root hairs would likely be torn off as root cells elongated c) the root would likely absorb more water from the soil d) the root would be unable to absorb water into the vascular tissue e) the root would get thicker than normal

b) the root hairs would likely be torn off as root cells elongated

How many copies of chromosome 21 do your muscle cells contain? a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 4 e) 3

c) 2

The somatic (body) cells of a privet shrub each contain 46 chromosomes. How do privet chromosomes differ from the chromosomes of humans, who also have 46? a) Privet cells cannot reproduce sexually. b) Privet sex cells have chromosomes that can synapse with human chromosomes in the laboratory. c) Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans. d) Genes on a particular privet chromosome, such as the X, must be on a different human chromosome, such as number 18.

c) Genes of privet chromosomes are significantly different from those in humans.

What is a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal? a) Homologs align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II. b) Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologs separate in meiosis II. c) Meiosis II occurs in a haploid cell, and mitosis occurs in diploid cells. d) Crossover takes place in meiosis II.

c) Meiosis II occurs in a haploid cell, and mitosis occurs in diploid cells.

After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is ___. a) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. b) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. c) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. d) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. e) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.

c) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid.

After doing an analysis of your chromosomes, a lab identified an allele called MHY7, which codes for a muscle contraction protein, on your chromosome 14. Which of the following must be true? a) The general population has only the MHY7 allele b) Both of your parents must have the MHY7 allele on their chromosome 14 c) All human beings must have the MHY7 allele on their chromosome 14 d) At least one of your parents must have the MHY7 allele on their chromosome 14

d) At least one of your parents must have the MHY7 allele on their chromosome 14

Which of the following describes secondary growth? a) development of fruit b) development of leaves and flowers c) growth of herbaceous tissue d) development of wood and bark e) growth in height

d) development of wood and bark

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to attract pollinators and a) absorb ions b) photosynthesis c) produce flowers d) produce more cells

d) produce more cells

Two examples of lateral meristems in plants are ___. a) vascular cambium, producing secondary phloem, and cork cambium, producing secondary xylem b) vascular cambium, producing cork, and cork cambium, producing secondary phloem c) vascular cambium, producing secondary xylem, and cork cambium, producing secondary phloem d) vascular cambium, producing secondary xylem, and cork cambium, producing cork

d) vascular cambium, producing secondary xylem, and cork cambium, producing cork

Meiosis of one diploid cell results in the production of ___. a) 2 haploid and 2 diploid cells b) 2 diploid cells c) 2 haploid cells d) 4 diploid cells e) 4 haploid cells

e) 4 haploid cells

The veins of leaves are ___. I) composed of xylem and phloem II) continuous with vascular bundles in the stem and roots III) finely branched to be in close contact with photosynthesizing cells a) only I b) only II c) only III d) I and III only e) I, II, and III

e) I, II, and III

Auxillary buds ___. a) do not form a vascular connection with the primary shoot b) are composed of a series of internodes lacking nodes c) are produced by the cork cambium d) give rise to secondary xylem e) have dormant meristematic cells

e) have dormant meristematic cells

Sister chromatids separate from each other during ___. a) mitosis only. b) meiosis I only. c) meiosis II only. d) mitosis and meiosis I. e) mitosis and meiosis II.

e) mitosis and meiosis II.

A tree will die if the bark is stripped off around the entire circumference of the tree. Why is this so? a) more than one of these answers is correct b) water-conducting cells in xylem are removed, and the tree can no longer conduct water and minerals up the trunk to the leaves c) the apical meristems are removed, preventing any further increase in height d) oxygen is lethal to the inner wood of tree trunks e) phloem cells are removed, sugars can no longer be transported from the leaves to the roots, and the roots will die

e) phloem cells are removed, sugars can no longer be transported from the leaves to the roots, and the roots will die

The stomata of plant A are closed while those of plant B are open. Which plant will likely be able to produce more sugars through photosynthesis? Assume that both plants receive the same amount of light, that water is available, and that both are C3 plants. a) plat A, since it will absorb more CO2 than plant B b) plant A, since closed stomata trigger photosynthesis c) plant A, since closed stomata generate more CO2 than open stomata d) plat B, since more oxygen will diffuse out of the stomata e) plant B, since CO2 will be able to diffuse into the leaf from the surrounding atmosphere

e) plant B, since CO2 will be able to diffuse into the leaf from the surrounding atmosphere