HIST 1302 Midterm Ch. 18
The Haymarket affair was a peaceful protest against the use of child labor.
False
The era from 1870 to 1890 was known as the
Gilded Age
A transcontinental railroad was not built before the Civil War because
North-South section differences prevented Congress from selecting a route
What was the merit system for federal employees called?
The Civil Service Act
Which statement about the Haymarket Affair is false?
The Knights of Labor was directly responsible for the violence that took place at Haymarket
The first transcontinental railroad was completed at Promontory Summit, Utah.
True
Social Darwinism in America:
all of the above (evolved from British philosopher Herbert Spencer; argued that evolution was as natural a process in human society as in nature, and government must not interfere; argued that failure to advance society indicated a lack of character; argued that freedom required acceptance of inequality)
Holding companies
are firms that control the stock of other companies
The Knights of Labor
called for men and women to have equal pay for equal work
Andrew Carnegie invented the process that enabled a dramatic increase in steel production
false
Andrew Carnegie was an outspoken opponent of the idea of "the Gospel of Wealth"
false
By the 1880s, most states had outlawed child labor.
false
The Haymarket affair was a peaceful protest against the use of child labor
false
Westinghouse's AC system of transmitting electricity over long distances lost the "battle of the currents"
false
One of the main reasons that electric motors were significant to the industrialization of the late nineteenth century was that they
freed factories to locate wherever they wished, and not just by waterfalls and coal deposits
Membership in the American Federation of Labor at first
grew slowly
Thomas Edison
invented, among other things, a system for generating and distributing electricity.
One of the reasons that the Great Strike of 1877 was important is that:
it underscored the tensions produced by the rapid industrialization of the time
The Knights of Labor declined for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
its leader Terence Powderly died
The invention of electric motors did all of the following EXCEPT:
led to the bankruptcy of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company
During the Gilded Age, the rich were getting richer and:
many other people were at least better off
The ______ made possible the second industrial revolution in America.
railroads
The Social Gospel
refuted the idea that "the poor, you will always have with you"
The second industrial revolution was marked by
the acceleration of factory production and increased activity in the mining and railroad industries.
The theory of Social Darwinism argued that
the theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.
All of the following factors helped accelerate economic growth after the Civil War EXCEPT:
the use of prison labor by railroad companies
Why were mail cars connected to the Pullman cars during the Pullman strike?
to justify federal intervention to end the strike by allowing railroad executives to claim the strike interfered with the mail
After the Haymarket Affair, employers took the opportunity to paint the labor movement as a dangerous and un-American force prone to violence and controlled by foreign-born radicals.
true
Boss Tweed led a corrupt political machine in New York
true
Grover Cleveland was a Democrat who served nonconsecutive terms and whose small staff allowed him the occasional opportunity to answer the White House door
true
The Haymarket affair:
was blamed on seven anarchist leaders despite a lack of evidence; was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally
The 1890 Homestead strike
was waged against a Carnegie company
"Trusts" like Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust had a weakness in that they:
were appealing targets for prosecution on the grounds of monopoly or restraint of trade
Elections during the Gilded Age:
were closely contested affairs.