Interior Design 2 Architecture

Jacquard Weave

-An intricate, variegated weave made by lifting any number of warp threads and any number of weft threads to create a woven pattern in the fabric. -The weaves are created on a Jacquard loom. Creates brocades, tapestries, and damask Used for draperies and upholstery.

Satin Weave

-Formed by "floating" one warp thread over four or more weft yarns then under one thread. The order of interlacing is staggered so the result is a smooth face with no wales -The floats give satin fabric its sheen.

Twill Weave

-Formed by "floating" one warp thread over two or three weft threads, then under one. This creates a diagonal wale -Produces a firm, strong fabric with a visible diagonal line.

Plain Weave

-Formed by interlacing yarns one over, one under in regular sequence. -Simple, basic weave that wears evenly.

Salt Box House

2 stories in front, 1 story in back - long rear roof line

Greek Revival House

2 story columns, large pediment towards street

Bow Window

A curved projecting window.

Arch

A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and supports a load.

Pediments

A decorative design detail often used for furniture and architectural embellishment.

Ionic Capital

A decorative style with a pair of scroll-shapes on two of the four faces of the column.

Dentil Trim

A decorative trim of projecting rectangular blocks.

Sliding Door

A door that opens by sliding instead of swinging on a hinge.

Pocket Door

A door that slides into a compartment in the adjoining wall.

Bi-Fold Door

A door with vertical double panels that folds back against itself; frequently used for closet doors.

Palladian Window

A fan/half rounded window centered above three rectangular windows.

Finial

A finishing ornament for a pediment, post, or spire.

Pilaster

A flat, false, decorative column.

Gambrel

A gable roof with two slopes on each side and the lower slope being steeper.

Salt Box

A gabled roof with one slope that is longer and lower than the other.

Fan/half-round Window

A half-circle shaped window usually placed above a door or in a pediment.

Single Door

A hinged, single entrance into a building or room.

Mansard

A hipped roof with two pitches, the bottom pitch is very steep and the top pitch flatter, so it is usually not seen from the ground.

Picture Window

A large window consisting of one pane of glass.

Portico

A porch formed by a triangle pediment roof with supporting columns.

Flat

A roof that is horizontal or nearly horizontal.

Shed

A roof with a single slope.

Hip

A roof with sloping ends and sloping sides.

Gable

A roof with two sloping sides and a gable at each end.

Arcade

A row of arches and supporting columns.

Casement Window

A side-hinged window that swings in or out.

Doric Capital

A simple decorative style that is plain and saucer-shaped.

Sidelight Window

A vertical, narrow row of windows used on one or both sides of a door.

Bay Window

A window built to project outward from an outside wall in a square or rectangular configuration.

Skylight

A window set into the roof and ceiling.

Dormer Window

A window that projects from the attic.

Spanish Revival House

Arcade, barrel tile roof, stucco, black wrought iron

Anti-Static Finish

Carpets can be given an antistatic finish

Contemporary House

Clean simple lines, large windows, flat

Craftsman/Bungalow House

Deep front porch, exposed rafters, wide columns, shed dormers

French Door

Double casement-type door that opens in or out with glass panes throughout its length.

Half-Timbering

Exposed wood framing, with the spaces filled with masonry or lath and plaster.

Prairie House

Horizontal lines, low-pitched roofs with overhanging eaves

Gingerbread

Lacy architectural detail, typical of Victorian architecture.

Light

Makes things visible through illumination by nature or electrical devices.

Log Cabin

Overlapping logs at corners, came from Sweden

Quoins

Projecting or contrasting brick or stone laid at the corner angle of a building.

Tudor House

Revival of Old English Style using half-timbering roof

Double-hung Window

Sash window where both sections are operable.

Flame Retardant Finish

Some fabrics are given a finish to make them flame resistant

Federal House

Symmetrical front, 3-4 stories, graduated windows where the windows get shorter with each floor or story, rectangular, belt-course between stories, front door with fanlights and sidelights, balustrade.

Georgian House

Symmetrical, 2 ½ stories, dentil trim, double hung windows with 9-10 panes, quoins, pilasters around paneled door, often has two chimneys.

Cape Cod House

Symmetrical, one to one ½ stories, clapboard siding and central door and chimney

Pattern

The repetition of color, lines, shapes or design across a surface to create visual interest.

Victorian Queen Anne House

Tower, wraparound porch, gingerbread, fish scale shingles

Stain Resistant Finish

Upholstery fabrics, and table linens and carpets are treated to resist stains

Corinthian Capital

Very ornate decorative style, characterized by spirals, scroll-shaped ornaments and acanthus leaves.

Sliding Window

Windows that slide horizontally.

elevations

a 2-D representation of a given side of a building.

floor plan

a 2-D scaled drawing that shows the layout of the rooms with blueprint symbols.

site plan

a drawing of the building location on the lot

schemes

a planned combinations of colors.

transition

a subtle, visual flow often indicated by a curved line that leads the eye from one point or area to another.

opposition

abrupt change in any of the elements.

harmony

achieved when unity and variety are effectively combined.

Stiffening finishes

apply starch and resin to add crispness to the surface

radial balance

balance created from a central point, radiating outward.

rhythm

continuous movement, the path the eye follows

natural textiles

cotton, linen, silk, wool - come from plants or animals.

Unity

created by repetition or similarity of objects, style or theme.

Golden Mean

determines the effectiveness of a ratio - the division of a line or space between one-half and one-third of its total length. The most effective ratios: 2:3, 5:8 etc.

asymmetrical/informal balance

different objects on either side of a central point.

emphasis/focal point

dominant item(s) in the room that draw your attention.

balance

he placement of objects so that is creates visual equilibrium.

Wear & Tear finishes

help reduce wrinkling, shrinkage, and fading

tertiary colors

made by mixing an equal amount of a primary and a secondary color. (red-violet, red-orange, yellow-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, blue-violet)

secondary colors

made by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors. (orange, green, violet)

Cellulosic

made from plant material chemically converted to a soluble compound (acetate, rayon)

Synthetic

made with chemicals (acrylic, nylon, olefin, polyester)

symmetrical/formal balance

mirror-image of parts on each side of a center point.

radiation

objects radiate out in nearly every direction from a central point.

Proportion is a ratio/fraction

parts of an object in comparison to the whole object.

Color

pigment in paint or the visible spectrum of light that enables us to see hues

Softening finishes

produce a softer hand or feel

repetition

shapes, forms, lines, or colors that are repeated in a design.

electrical plan

shows lighting, switches, outlets, TV, phone and computer outlets.

gradation

sizes of shapes go from large to small or color values go from light to dark.

intensity

the brightness or dullness of a hue created by adding gray or the complement.

value

the lightness or darkness of a hue created by adding black or white.

hue

the name of a color on the color wheel.

Scale

the size of a design in relation to other items or the surrounding area in which it is placed.

Texture

the surface quality of objects. It can be both seen (visual) and felt (tactile).

triad

uses 3 colors equidistant on the color wheel.

analogous

uses 3-5 colors directly next to each other on the color wheel.

split complement

uses a hue and the two colors directly next to its complement.

accented neutral

uses a neutral with only one accent of color.

achromatic

uses black, white, and/or gray.

neutral

uses browns or metallic(s) such as gold, silver, and bronze.

direct complement

uses colors directly across from each other on the color wheel.

monochromatic

uses the tints, tones and shades of one color.

Variety

what is done outside of the theme or style to provide relief from sameness.