Intro to Psychology Unit 3 (Chap 11-14)
Which of the following is a similarity between client-centered therapy and Gestalt therapy?
Like client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy assumes that people disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection.
According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is the basis for psychological problems?
Roadblocks to self-actualization
_________ is characterized by disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood, as well as withdrawal and absorption in daydreams or fantasy.
Schizophrenia
__________is a cognitively oriented learning theory in which observational learning and person variables such as values and expectancies play major roles in individual differences.
Social cognitive theory
Which of the following factors increases the tendency to conform?
Social shyness
Which of the following is true of stereotyping?
Stereotyping may lead people to view members of groups in a biased fashion.
_____ is a demand made on an organism to adapt, cope, or adjust.
Stress
_________ is a condition in which the senses, thought, and movement are dulled.
Stupor
Which of the following is true of client-centered therapists?
They have unconditional positive regard for their clients.
In _________, each of two goals is desirable, and both are within reach.
approach-approach conflict
_________ is the erroneous belief that one is being victimized or made to suffer.
Ideas of persecution
_________ is defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce the anxiety.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
_________ is an abrupt anxiety attack that is apparently unrelated to specific objects or situations.
Panic disorder
According to the different types of social support, _________ involves helping people interpret, or "make sense of," what has happened to them.
appraisal
The _____ of conversion disorders holds that it is a form of self-hypnosis.
biopsychosocial perspective
People with _________ have mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression.
bipolar disorder
To _________ is to interpret negative events as being disastrous or to "blow out of proportion."
catastrophize
A person with _________ is suddenly unable to recall important personal information.
dissociative amnesia
Amnesia is frequently associated with _____.
dissociative disorders
__________is the issue of how well one can predict behavior on the basis of attitudes.
A-B problem
Which of the following is true of the attraction-similarity hypothesis?
It theorizes that reciprocity is a powerful determinant of attraction.
What are two qualities of Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy?
Active and directive
________ is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.
Acute stress disorder
________ such as pathogens, injuries, age, gender, and a family history of disease may strike us as the most obvious causes of illness.
Biological factors
Which of the following is a similarity between cognitive therapists and humanistic therapists?
Both aim to foster self-insight, but they mainly aim to help make people more aware of their current cognitions.
Which of the following therapies focuses on changing the beliefs and attitudes that create and compound people's problems?
Cognitive therapy
_________ is the feeling of being pulled in two or more directions by opposing motives.
Conflict
________ are regularly occurring experiences that can harm our well-being, even our sex lives.
Daily hassles
_________ is a disorder in which a person appears to have two or more distinct identities or personalities that may alternately emerge.
Dissociative identity disorder
Jessie shares personal experiences with her facilitator and several others who demonstrate similar problems. In which of the following therapies is Jessie most likely participating?
Group therapy
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group therapy?
It is less expensive than individual sessions.
Based on the different behavior-therapy methods, which of the following is true of modeling?
It relies on observational learning.
_________ is a disorder that follows a distressing event outside the range of normal human experience and that is characterized by features such as intense fear, avoidance.
Posttraumatic stress disorder
In terms of behavior, which of the following is true of prejudice?
Prejudice is connected with avoidance, aggression, and discrimination.
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of group therapy?
Relationship problems are magnified.
Which of the following is true of Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love?
Romantic love is characterized by passion and intimacy.
Which hormone is associated with the tendency to dominate and control others?
Testosterone
Which of the following is a difference between traditional psychoanalysis and humanistic therapies?
Traditional psychoanalysis focuses on early childhood experiences, while humanistic therapies focus on what clients are experiencing here and now.
Ecstatic elation and deep depression are both aspects of _____.
bipolar disorder
According to psychodynamic therapy, psychological problems reflect:
early childhood experiences and inner conflicts.
When an individual can no longer cope with ongoing stress and becomes ill, he or she has reached the _________ of the general adaptation syndrome.
exhaustion stage
The field of psychology that studies the relationships between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical wellness problems is known as _____.
health psychology
A woman has difficulty concentrating on her job because she keeps worrying about things like leaving the door unlocked or the tap turned on. She feels that her house will get robbed or damaged any day because of her carelessness. According to this scenario, she is most likely suffering from _____.
obsessive-compulsive disorder
People with _________ do not show the grossly disorganized thinking of paranoid schizophrenia.
paranoid personality disorder
People with _________ complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease.
somatoform disorder
________ is a cluster of traits that buffer stress and are characterized by commitment, challenge, and control.
Psychological hardiness
_________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights.
Specific phobias
Which of these factors does NOT contribute to aggressive behavior?
Empathy
Which of the following is a difference between humanistic forms of therapy and behavior therapy?
Humanistic forms of therapy tend to focus on emotions, whereas behavior therapy tends to focus on actions.