Muscular system questions
The muscular system and the nervous system work together to carry out muscle contraction. How does the sarcoplasmic reticulum interact with the nervous system?
The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions upon detecting an action potential
What is an aponeurosis?
A large, flat tendon that anchors muscle
Problem Order the structures of a muscle from the outermost layer to the innermost layer
Epimysium, perimysium, fascicle, endomysium, myofiber, myofibril
A woman damaged an upper motor neuron in an accident. Which of the following is not expected to happen in the neuromuscular system?
CORRECT (SELECTED) Schwann cells will begin to deteriorate
Curare is a naturally-occurring compound that competitively binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells. Which of the following symptoms might be seen in a patient who has been exposed to curare?
Diaphragmatic paralysis
During muscle contraction, which part of the sarcomere appears to disappear from sight?
H-band
Which of the following is a strategy of inotropy to ensure that more myosin heads are working in muscular contraction?
Increasing the amount of calcium, Making troponin-C more sensitive to calcium,
We would expect to find smooth muscle in all of the following EXCEPT:
Myocardial tissue
The hydrolysis of the ATP that is bound to myosin causes
Release of myosin head from the actin filament
The space between two Z lines constitutes the
Sarcomere
A man suffers from cardiac arrest because his coronary artery is clogged. What sort of muscle is associated with coronary arteries?
Smooth muscle
Which of the following is NOT innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
Striated muscle cell
The human heart beats under involuntary control. Which of the following nervous structures is most likely to regulate the heart?
Sympathetic ganglia
A voracious raccoon is chasing you after you threw a rock at it. Which branch of your nervous system is activated and primarily involved in helping you to run away?
Sympathetic nervous system
Which area of the sarcomere contains both actin and myosin filaments?
The A-band
What is the role of tropomyosin in muscle contraction?
To prevent myosin from continuing to slide up the actin filament
A person is taking calcium supplements and accidentally takes more tablets than the normal amount, causing his intracellular calcium level to go very high! What effect will high levels of calcium have on the position of tropomyosin and muscle contraction?
Tropomyosin will be moved out of the way and muscle contraction will occur
Which of the following is accurate regarding Type I and Type II muscle fibers?
Type I fibers store much of their energy as triglycerides, whereas Type II fibers store energy as ATP or creatine phosphate
How does vasodilation help to cool the body?
Vasodilation expands the blood vessels, allowing heat to escape through the skin
Which of the following correctly identifies muscle components in order from largest to smallest?
Fasciculus, muscle fiber, myofibril
What is the role of acetylcholine in calcium release?
Stimulates cellular contraction by opening voltage-gated ion channels
Muscle contraction involves multiple specialized proteins and energy expenditure. Which of the following statements best summarizes a muscle contraction?
Myosin slides along actin by utilizing energy from ATP
As women get older, they are often susceptible to hypocalcemia, or calcium-deficiency disease. How would low levels of calcium affect the proteins responsible for muscle contraction?
Myosin will be unable to bind to actin because troponin holds tropomyosin into place on actin
Analysis of a video of a sarcomere reveals the Z-lines to be moving closer together. Which of the following is occurring?
The actin fibers are moving closer together, contracting the muscle
