Nerves
A reflex arc always includes a(n) __________.
-Efferent axon -Sensory receptor -Afferent axon
In a spinal reflex, information flows from __________ to __________ to __________.
PNS; CNS; PNS
The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the
astrocytes
The ________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity.
autonomic
The axon is connected to the soma at the
axon hillock
The medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain comprise the
brain stem
The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.
central
Most neurons lack ________ and so are permanently blocked from undergoing cell division.
centrioles
In the adult brain, which is the largest region?
cerebrum
________ nerves are nerves that connect to the brain.
cranial
Demyelination disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome are particularly dangerous because they __________.
decrease the speed of action potential transmission
The most obvious feature that one notices about the cerebrum is the
extensiveness of the gyri and sulci.
Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are
lobes
Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the
medulla oblongata.
The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the
medulla oblongata.
The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in the
medulla oblongata.
Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?
memory
The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the
synapse
Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the
thalamus
Which of the following help to protect the brain?
the blood-brain barrier the CSF the cranial meninges the bones of the skull all of the above
Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the ________ matter.
white
Which of these is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
spinal cord
A brain hemorrhage is life-threatening because
All of these problems are related to brain hemorrhages. neurological changes will occur. the person can lose consciousness. the pressure increase within the space can distort and potentially damage brain tissue. some areas of the brain will not be receiving blood.
________ provide information about the external environment.
Exteroceptors
The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central nervous system.
afferent
________ carry sensory information to the CNS.
afferent neurons
The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
hypothalamus
When pressure is applied to neural tissue, all of the following effects are possible except
neurons are triggered to divide
Demyelination results from issues associated with myelin producing cells. Which of the following is an example of a myelin producing cell in the central nervous system (CNS)?
oligodendrocytes
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by
oligodendrocytes.
Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?
prosencephalon
________ neurons form the afferent division of the PNS.
sensory
The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.
somatic
Neurotransmitters ready for release are stored in synaptic
vesicles