Nerves

A reflex arc always includes a(n) __________.

-Efferent axon -Sensory receptor -Afferent axon

In a spinal reflex, information flows from __________ to __________ to __________.

PNS; CNS; PNS

The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the

astrocytes

The ________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity.

autonomic

The axon is connected to the soma at the

axon hillock

The medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain comprise the

brain stem

The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.

central

Most neurons lack ________ and so are permanently blocked from undergoing cell division.

centrioles

In the adult brain, which is the largest region?

cerebrum

________ nerves are nerves that connect to the brain.

cranial

Demyelination disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome are particularly dangerous because they __________.

decrease the speed of action potential transmission

The most obvious feature that one notices about the cerebrum is the

extensiveness of the gyri and sulci.

Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are

lobes

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the

medulla oblongata.

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the

medulla oblongata.

The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in the

medulla oblongata.

Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?

memory

The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the

synapse

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the

thalamus

Which of the following help to protect the brain?

the blood-brain barrier the CSF the cranial meninges the bones of the skull all of the above

Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the ________ matter.

white

Which of these is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

spinal cord

A brain hemorrhage is life-threatening because

All of these problems are related to brain hemorrhages. neurological changes will occur. the person can lose consciousness. the pressure increase within the space can distort and potentially damage brain tissue. some areas of the brain will not be receiving blood.

________ provide information about the external environment.

Exteroceptors

The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central nervous system.

afferent

________ carry sensory information to the CNS.

afferent neurons

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.

hypothalamus

When pressure is applied to neural tissue, all of the following effects are possible except

neurons are triggered to divide

Demyelination results from issues associated with myelin producing cells. Which of the following is an example of a myelin producing cell in the central nervous system (CNS)?

oligodendrocytes

The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by

oligodendrocytes.

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain?

prosencephalon

________ neurons form the afferent division of the PNS.

sensory

The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

somatic

Neurotransmitters ready for release are stored in synaptic

vesicles