Nutrition Chapter 4 Questions

What is the function of insulin hormone?

decreases blood glucose

What type of carbohydrate is sucrose?

disaccharide

Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. What is an example of this?

epinephrine increases breakdown of liver glycogen to provide glucose in times of danger.

Which sugar needs no digestion and can be absorbed directly into the blood?

fructose

Which part of a grain is especially rich in vitamins and minerals?

germ

Which carbohydrate is NOT found in foods from plants?

glycogen

What is the number one cause of death in both men and women?

heart disease

When considering the health impact of diabetes it is important to remember that ______

if poorly controlled, it can danger major organs and tissues in the body

What is the function of glucagon hormone?

increases blood glucose

What type of carbohydrate is fructose?

monosaccharide

What type of carbohydrate is starch?

polysaccharide

Dietary fiber is also an important consideration when discussing the impact of carbohydrate source on blood sugar levels. In this example, a candy bar is a ____ of fiber and whole-grain pasta or rice is a ____ of fiber

poor source, good source

One typical symptom of hypoglycemia is ______

rapid heartbeat

Chocolate is an example of a _____ that will ____ because it is comprised of ____

simple carbohydrate, increase blood sugar levels quickly, monosaccharides

After chewing a piece of bread for awhile, you begin to experience a slightly sweet taste. This taste results from ________

the liberation of maltose from starch

Which breakfast would provide the most soluble fiber?

2 oz. oat bran cereal with nonfat milk

A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised that he should begin a 2100- calorie diet with 45% of the emergency coming from carbohydrate. How many grams of carbohydrate would that be?

236

How many grams of fiber per day do the Dietary Reference Intakes suggest for an average adult (man or women) under age 50?

25 for a woman; 38 for a man

Women need ____ grams and men need ____ grams of fiber per day

25; 38

Men and women who consume diets very high in fiber reduce their risk of death from respiratory and cardiovascular disease by______

60%

Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion?

Galactose

What type of individual is most likely to have type 2 diabetes:

a 65 year old overweight man who is tired all the time

You are trying to decide which type of food from the fruit group to choose for a snack, and you want to choose the one that has the greatest nutritional value. Your best choice would be _______

a whole orange

What population group is the top sugar consumer, taking in more than a half cup of added sugars in foods and beverages each day, or almost 90 pounds of sugar per year?

adolescent boys

What type of pancreatic cell is Glucagon?

alpha

What type of pancreatic cell is Insulin?

beta

Which recommendation would you make to a person with lactose intolerance?

choosing yogurt with live cultures

Whole grains wild rice is an example of a _____ that will _____ because it is comprised of _____

complex carbohydrate, increase blood sugar levels slowly, polysaccharides

What factor is least likely to lead to hypoglycemia?

well-controlled type 1 diabetes