Nutrition Chapter 4 Questions
What is the function of insulin hormone?
decreases blood glucose
What type of carbohydrate is sucrose?
disaccharide
Hormones play an important role in regulating blood glucose levels. What is an example of this?
epinephrine increases breakdown of liver glycogen to provide glucose in times of danger.
Which sugar needs no digestion and can be absorbed directly into the blood?
fructose
Which part of a grain is especially rich in vitamins and minerals?
germ
Which carbohydrate is NOT found in foods from plants?
glycogen
What is the number one cause of death in both men and women?
heart disease
When considering the health impact of diabetes it is important to remember that ______
if poorly controlled, it can danger major organs and tissues in the body
What is the function of glucagon hormone?
increases blood glucose
What type of carbohydrate is fructose?
monosaccharide
What type of carbohydrate is starch?
polysaccharide
Dietary fiber is also an important consideration when discussing the impact of carbohydrate source on blood sugar levels. In this example, a candy bar is a ____ of fiber and whole-grain pasta or rice is a ____ of fiber
poor source, good source
One typical symptom of hypoglycemia is ______
rapid heartbeat
Chocolate is an example of a _____ that will ____ because it is comprised of ____
simple carbohydrate, increase blood sugar levels quickly, monosaccharides
After chewing a piece of bread for awhile, you begin to experience a slightly sweet taste. This taste results from ________
the liberation of maltose from starch
Which breakfast would provide the most soluble fiber?
2 oz. oat bran cereal with nonfat milk
A person with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has just been advised that he should begin a 2100- calorie diet with 45% of the emergency coming from carbohydrate. How many grams of carbohydrate would that be?
236
How many grams of fiber per day do the Dietary Reference Intakes suggest for an average adult (man or women) under age 50?
25 for a woman; 38 for a man
Women need ____ grams and men need ____ grams of fiber per day
25; 38
Men and women who consume diets very high in fiber reduce their risk of death from respiratory and cardiovascular disease by______
60%
Which monosaccharide rarely occurs freely in nature but is tied up in milk sugar until it is freed during digestion?
Galactose
What type of individual is most likely to have type 2 diabetes:
a 65 year old overweight man who is tired all the time
You are trying to decide which type of food from the fruit group to choose for a snack, and you want to choose the one that has the greatest nutritional value. Your best choice would be _______
a whole orange
What population group is the top sugar consumer, taking in more than a half cup of added sugars in foods and beverages each day, or almost 90 pounds of sugar per year?
adolescent boys
What type of pancreatic cell is Glucagon?
alpha
What type of pancreatic cell is Insulin?
beta
Which recommendation would you make to a person with lactose intolerance?
choosing yogurt with live cultures
Whole grains wild rice is an example of a _____ that will _____ because it is comprised of _____
complex carbohydrate, increase blood sugar levels slowly, polysaccharides
What factor is least likely to lead to hypoglycemia?
well-controlled type 1 diabetes