Path & Micro for Mortuary Science chapter 26-27

Rickettsia prowazekii

-Epidemic typhus -Louse

Scrapie

A disease of sheep and goats that causes them to rub sores on their bodies

Paramyxovirus

Associated with the childhood disease mumps is?

Chlamydia

Chlamydia pneumonia Parrot Fever Trachoma of the Eye Lymphogranuloma venereum

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Chronic, progressive, fatal disease of the central nervous system caused by a prion.

Q Fever

Coxiella burnetti causes this disease

Diseases suspected to be caused by Prions in humans

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease kuru Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome fatal familial insomnia

Epidemic typhus

Found primarily in crowded areas with poor sanitation and is still common in Africa, Central America, and South America. At one time was prevalent among sailors aboard ships and soldiers in military camps

Epstein-Barr virus

Infectious mononucleosis is caused by?

Measles

Koplik's spots are a sign of this viral disease

Chlamydia trachomatis

Lymphogranuloma venereum; STD

Small pox; monkey pox

Orthopoxviruses are a group of viruses known to cause __________ and _________

Chlamydia psittaic

Parrot fever is caused by this pathogen

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Primary Atypical pneumonia

Rickettsia

Q fever Epidemic typhus Rocky Mountain spotted fever Endemic Murine typhus

Coxiella burnetii

Q fever; ingestion of raw milk; inhalation of airborne bacteria from animal products

Mycoplasmas

Resistant to penicillin and similar antibiotics because they have no cell wall

bacteria

Rickettsias are catergorized as ?

Rickettsia rickettsii

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; tick bite

Rickettsia

Short, nonmotile, gram-negative bacilli that are obligate intracellular pathogens.

Reticulate body

The form of chlamydiae that replicates and produces elementary bodies within the mucosal cell; binary fission; infects adjacent cells allowing bacteria to spread within the host

arboviruses

This family of viruses is associated with Saint Louis encephalitis and other inflammatory brain diseases

Spongiform encephalopathies

This is what diseases caused by Prions are called because they leave holes in the brain tissue that resemble a sponge

Chlamydia psittaci

Tranchoma of the eye

Various kinds of encephalitis

Viral disease associated with an arthropod vector

hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

Virus and the disease it causes is associated with rodents and rodent droppings

protein coat

Viruses have a __________ whereas virions do not

Q fever

Was named because the cause of an outbreak in Queensland, Australia in the 1930's was unknown so the disease was named _________; "query" which refers to something that is unknown

Inherited Prion diseases

What do fatal familial insomnia and Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome have in common?

CJD

What is harbored in the central nervous system that embalmers should be aware of? This could include making sure not aspirate the spinal column

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Which is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii

Evidence of Epidemic typhus

White fur on the tongue; black and rolled up tongue in the back of the mouth; measles-like rash on the body

Baceriophage

a virus that "eats" bacteria

Chlamydia pneumoniae

asymptomatic pneumonia; association with coronary artery disease (Chlamydia pneumonia)

Why are prions a concern to embalmers?

because they resist inactivation by both heat and formaldehyde and by ultraviolet ionizing radiation as well. They are not destroyed by proteases or by nucleases and they are much smaller than the smallest virus.

Chlamydia trachomatis

can cause an STI/STD

M. pneumoniae

can cause bronchitis, pharyngitis, or a common respiratory infection known as primary atypical pneumonia (walking pneumonia)

Mumps

can cause sterility in males

Walking Pnuemonia

caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Epidemic Typhus

caused by Rickettsia prowazekii

Endemic typhus

caused by Rickettsia typhi; harbored in rats and is transmitted by the rat flea to humans

Rickettsia prowazekii

causes death of arthropod vector; human body lice; human acts as natural reservoir

presence of amyloid deposits in the tissues

common denominator of all prion disorders is ?

Prions

consist entirely of proteins that are produced by human genes; obligate intracellular parasites just like viruses and viroid's; nonliving agents that can only replicate inside living cells.

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

disease of cattle ("mad cow disease") that can be transmitted to humans through infected beef, causing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Prions

do not contain either DNA or RNA and do not cause an immune system response in humans

Rickettsia typhi

endemic typhus; flea bite

M. pneumoniae

fried egg appearances; capable of adhering tot he epithelium of mucosal surfaces in the respiratory and urogenital tracts.

Amyloid

general term for any intracellular or intercellular starchlike protein deposit; stains easily with Congo red dye and appear homogenous, waxy and translucent

Epidemic typhus

grows in the intestinal tract of human body lice and is also found in flying squirrels caused by rickettsia prowazekii

Chlamydia

has two stages of growth; infectious and non infectious stages; infectious (elementary body) stage; noninfectious (reticulate body) stage

cytomegaloviruses

inclusion disease is caused by this group of viruses

Elementary body

infectious form of chlamydia; utilize energy sources within the human cell and develop into reticulate bodies; infects nonciliated, columnar, or transitional epithelial cells that line the conjunctiva, respiratory tract, or rectum

Other names for Endemic typhus

murine typhus; flea-borne typhus

Amyloid degeneration

occurs in non-prion related pathological disorders such as tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, leprosy, Hodgkin's disease, and various cancers

Mycoplasmas

once thought to be viruses but are actually the smallest free living organisms in nature

Chlamydia psittaci

parrot fever (psittacosis; ornithosis)

Prions

small proteinaceous infectious particles that are resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acids

Amyloid

starch-like protein deposits in patients having died from prion disease

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

the pathogen with the characteristic "fried egg" appearance is?

Chlamydial pneumonia

this disease requires both an infectious stage of microbial growth and a noninfectious state of microbial growth

Rickettsia prowazekii

this pathogen causes tongue discoloration and the presence of white "fur" on the surface of the tongue

kuru

thought to be caused by prion and has been linked to the former cannibalistic rituals of the Fore Highlanders in Papua New Guinea where brains were smeared on the dead and the members would eat the deceased as part of the mortuary ritual

Rickettsia

transmitted to human hosts by arthropod vectors, where they infect the endothelial cells of the human vascular system and block small blood vessels

Rickettsia

uniquely adapted to their arthropod hosts; cause no disease or only minimal disease in the arthropod and can be transferred to young.

chicken pox

varicella zoster virus is most closely associated with this virus related disease

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

walking pneumonia (Primary Atypical Pneumonia)