Pedi Growth & Development

Which is the maximum recommended length for enema tube insertion in an adolescent?

10cm

According to Freud's theory, in what order do the stages of child development occur? 1. Anal 2. Oral 3. Genital 4. Oedipal 5. Latency

2. Oral 1. Anal 4. Oedipal 5. Latency 3. Genital

The nurse is preparing to asses several clients at a pediatric clinic. Which would require a developmental screening versus developmental surveillance during a scheduled health maintenance visit? A. A 9 month old infant B. A 2 week old newborn C. A 15 month old toddler D. A 4 year old preschooler

A. A 9 month old infant

Which theory states that a child's growth pattern is related to gene activity? A. Gesell's theory B. Piaget's theory C. Erikson's theory D. Havighurst's theory

A. Gesell's theory

Which medication may cause Ebstein anomaly as a teratogenic effect and is contraindicated in breast-feeding clients? A. Lithium B. Ibuprofen C. Vitamin A D. Nitrofurantoin

A. Lithium

How do toddlers learn self-protection? A. Through trial and error strategies B. By imitating playmates and siblings C. By obeying orders from mother and father D. By playing with age-appropriate toys and puzzles.

A. Through trial and error strategies

Which ages are the most critical for speech development during preschool years? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. A. 2 years B. 3 years C. 4 years D. 5 years E. 6 years

B. 3 years C. 4 years

Which type of cast of splint will the nurse expect to see on a child with a fractured femur? A. Cylinder B. Hip spica C. Prefabricated knee D. Robert Jones

B. Hip spica

How much sleep should a preschooler get each day? A. 8hrs B. 10hrs C. 12hrs D. 14hrs

C 12hrs.

Which education would the nurse provide the parent of a preschool age child about how preschoolers view death? A. Universal B. Irreversible C. A form of sleep D. A frightening ghost

C. A form of sleep

Which type of immunity is acquired through the transfer of colostrum from the mother to the child? A. Natural active immunity B. Artificial active immunity C. Natural passive immunity D. Artificial passive immunity

C. Natural passive immunity

Which statement is true about the skeletal system of toddlers? A. The bones of toddlers are less pliable than those of older persons. B. The bones of toddlers have less cartilage than those of young adults C. The bones of toddlers can better withstand falls than those of older adults. D. The bones of toddlers are more susceptible to osteoporosis than those of women

C. The bones of toddlers can better withstand falls than those of older adults.

At which age would the nurse expect permanent dentition to erupt? A. 2 years B. 3 years C. 4 years D. 5 years

D. 5 years

Which type of play would the nurse encourage when providing age-appropriate care to a preschool age child who is hospitalized? A. Team B. Parallel C. Solitary D. Associative

D. Associative

Which is an inborn error of metabolism that affects growth and development? A. Cystic fibrosis B. Achondroplasia C. Turner syndrome D. Hunter syndrome

D. Hunter syndrome

The nurse understands which medication may cause gynecological malignancies in females? A. Oxytocin B. Raloxifene C. Thalidomide D. Diethylstilbestrol

Diethylstilbestrol May cause gemological malignancies such as endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancers.

What is the minimum acceptable respiratory rate in a normal adolescent?

16

Arrange in order of occurrence the steps involved in the changes during puberty. 1. Stimulation of the gonadal response 2. Triggering of GnRH by the hypothalamus 3. Movement of GnRH through a network of capillaries to the anterior pituitary gland 4. Stimulation of production and secretion of FSH and LH

2. Triggering of GnRH by the hypothalamus 3. Movement of GnRH through a network of capillaries to the anterior pituitary gland 4. Stimulation of production and secretion of FSH and LH 1. Stimulation of the gonadal response

If hearing loss is detected early, proper intervention can help a child achieve normal language development. Which should be the latest age that hearing loss should be detected to ensure that a child achieves normal language development?

3 months

Which percentage of his or her adult weight does an individual gain during the adolescent years?

50%

Place the levels of development in their order of achievement according to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development. 1. Integrity vs despair 2. Intimacy vs isolation 3. Industry vs inferiority 4. Identity vs role confusion 5. Generativity vs stagnation 6. Trust vs. mistrust

6. Trust vs. mistrust 3. Industry vs inferiority 4. Identity vs role confusion 2. Intimacy vs isolation 5. Generativity vs stagnation 1. Integrity vs despair

Which would the nurse state to the mother of a toddler to promote safety? A. 'Throw plastic grocery bags away.' B. 'Fill the crib with large, stuffed toys.' C. 'Put pacifiers around the neck of the toddler.' D. 'Place the toddler to sleep on his or her back.'

A. 'Throw plastic grocery bags away.'

At which age would the nurse anticipate the appearance of an imaginary friend for a preschool age client? A. 3 year old B. 4 year old C. 5 year old D. 6 year old

A. 3 year old

Which age group of hospitalized children will have the most difficulty with separation anxiety? A. 6 to 30 months B. 36 to 59 months C. 5 to 11 years D. 12 to 18 years

A. 6 to 30 months

From which client would the nurse expect dramatic physical growth and marked development? A. 9 month old infant B. 24 month old toddler C. 4 year old preschool age child D. 10 year old school age child

A. 9 month old infant

Which is a goal for organized athletics for school age children? A. A lifelong enjoyment of fitness B. A physical examination every 2 years C. The use of appropriate safety equipment D. Participation in warmup exercise before physical activity

A. A lifelong enjoyment of fitness

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which statement about conventional reasoning is true? A. A person wants to fulfill family expectations B. A child's thinking is mostly based on likes and pleasures C. A child recognizes that there is more than one correct view D. An individual moves away from moral decisions based on authority.

A. A person wants to fulfill family expectations

Which aspect of psychosocial development is commonly observed in adolescents? Select all that apply. A. A search for personal identity B. Development of an ethical system C. A sense of invincibility D. Belief that their parents are materialistic E. Emotional dependence on parents

A. A search for personal identity B. Development of an ethical system C. A sense of invincibility

Which is similarity between Havighurst's stage-crisis and Erikson's psychosocial development theories? A. Both theories are based on developmental tasks B. Both theories incorporate eight stages of development C. Both theories are based on psychosexual development D. Both theories emphasize that a child's growth is directed by gene activity

A. Both theories are based on developmental tasks

How do adolescents establish health identity during psychosocial development? Select all that apply A. By evaluating their own health with a feeling of well-being B. By fostering their independence within a balanced family structure C. By building close peer relationships to achieve acceptance in the society D. By achieving marked physical changes with masculine and feminine behaviors E. By having the ability to function normally in the absence of nay disease or infirmity

A. By evaluating their own health with a feeling of well-being E. By having the ability to function normally in the absence of nay disease or infirmity

Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect when assessing a preschooler? A. Copying squares B. Running with difficulty C. Difficulty in walking stairs D. Jumping and hopping with ease

A. Copying squares

At which stage of Kohlberg's theory does an individual want to fulfill the expectations of one's immediate group? A. Good boy-nice girl orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation

A. Good boy-nice girl orientation

Which fine motor skill would the nurse expect when assessing the development of an infant between 10 and 12 months of age? A. Holds a crayon B. Walks with assistance C. Stands independently D. Sits from a standing position

A. Holds a crayon

Which statement correctly describes the initiative versus guilt stage? A. Individuals like to pretend and try out new roles. B. Individuals are more accomplished in some basic self-care activities C. Individuals show marked preoccupation with appearance and body image D. Individuals are eager to apply themselves to learning socially productive skills and tools.

A. Individuals like to pretend and try out new roles.

According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, which developmental conflicts affect a 4-year-old child? A. Initiative versus guilt B. Industry versus inferiority C. Trust versus mistrust D. Autonomy versus shame

A. Initiative versus guilt Initiative vs guilt is the developmental conflict that faces the preschool child; the child will feel guilty if initiative is stifled by others.

Which of these features is exhibited by an adolescents? Select all that apply. A. Invulnerability B. Personal fable C. Temper tantrums D. Attempts to control situations E. Eagerness for formal education

A. Invulnerability B. Personal fable

Which nursing objective would the nurse add to the plan of care for a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who engages in self-destructive behavior? A. Keeping the child from inflecting any self-injury B. Assisting the child to improve communication skills C. Helping the child formulate realistic ego boundaries D. Providing the child with opportunities to discharge energy.

A. Keeping the child from inflecting any self-injury

Which stage of development would the nurse document for an infant when using Freud's theory of psychosocial development? A. Oral B. Anal C. Phallic D. Latent

A. Oral

Which characteristic related to achieving autonomy would the nurse anticipate when providing care to a toddler? A. Ritualism B. Positivity C. Magical thinking D. Object permanence

A. Ritualism

In which stage of Piaget's theory of growth and development does an infant develop an action pattern to deal with the environment? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operations D. Concrete operations

A. Sensorimotor

Which period of Piaget's theory describes the idea of object permanence? A. Sensorimotor period B. Preoperational period C. Formal operational period D. Concrete operations period

A. Sensorimotor period

Which identity may fail to develop if an adolescent lacks physical evidence of maturity? A. Sexual B. Group C. Family D. Health

A. Sexual

Which is the most common teratogenic effect associated with thalidomide? A. Shortened limbs B. Growth delay C. Neural tube defects D. Cleft lip with cleft palate

A. Shortened limbs

Which parental description would the nurse recognize as characteristic of sleep terrors in a preschool-age child? A. Sweating profusely B. Calling out after a dream C. Awakening during the second half of the night D. Being aware that others are in the room after awakening.

A. Sweating profusely

Which type of prehension is exhibited by a 5 month old infant? A. The grasp is palmer B. Hands are mostly open C. The grasp is a crude pincer D. Hands are predominantly closed

A. The grasp is palmer

Which statement is true for toddlers? A. The incidence of poisoning is very common in toddlers B. An 18 month old child uses up to 300 words C. The average toddlers gains 2 to 3 pounds each year D. Toddlers prefer to engage in parallel rather than solitary play

A. The incidence of poisoning is very common in toddlers

Which statement is true regarding the development of body image in preschoolers? A. They can become conscious of their size. B. They have well-defined body boundaries C. They are not likely to learn prejudices and biases D. They reject the opinions of other regarding their own appearance.

A. They can become conscious of their size.

According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, mastery of which task increases a child's ability to cope with separation or pending separation from significant others? A. Trust B. Identity C. Initiative D. Autonomy

A. Trust

Which is the most common cause of deaths among adolescents?

Accidents

Which of these statements are true about an adolescent according to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development. Select all that apply A. 'An individual recognizes that there is more than one correct view.' B. 'An individual's thoughts are influenced by moral decisions and behaviors.' C. 'An individual expands his or her focus from a relationship with others to societal concern.' D. 'An individual wants to win the approval of and maintain the expectations of one's immediate group.' E. 'An individual's response to a moral dilemma is in terms of absolute obedience to authority and rules.'

B. 'An individual's thoughts are influenced by moral decisions and behaviors.' C. 'An individual expands his or her focus from a relationship with others to societal concern.'

Which age correlates with pubertal growth spurt peak in males? A. 12 years B. 14 years C. 16 years D. 18 years

B. 14 years

Which age should an infant develop binocularity? A. 8 to 9 weeks B. 3 to 4 months C. 7 to 8 months D. 9 to 12 months

B. 3 to 4 months

Which is the average weight of a 3 year old child? A. 26.5 lb (12kg) B. 32 lb (14.4kg) C. 41 lb (18.5 kg) D. 36.5 lb (16.5 kg)

B. 32 lb (14.4kg)

Which range of heart rate is acceptable for a preschooler? A. 60 to 100 B. 80 to 110 C. 75 to 100 D. 90 to 140

B. 80 to 110

According to Piaget's theory, which of these statements about the period of concrete operations is true? A. A child develops a scheme for dealing with the environment B. A child is able to describe a process without actually doing it C. A child has the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities D. A child believes that everyone experiences the world exactly as he or she does

B. A child is able to describe a process without actually doing it

Several 3-year-old girls in the daycare center are having a tea party with their dolls. This is an example of which behavior? A. Evidence of abstract thought B. Appropriate make-believe play C. Inappropriate exclusion of boys D Maladaptive use of magical thinking

B. Appropriate make-believe play

According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, which stage must a 3 year old accomplish? A. Trust versus mistrust B. Autonomy versus shame C. Industry versus inferiority D. Generativity versus stagnation

B. Autonomy versus shame. For children 18 months to 3 years of age, the autonomy-versus-shame stage is about acquiring mastery over self and the environment.

Which method would the nurse refrain from in measuring the blood pressure of a 2 year old child? A. Using a pediatric stethoscope bell B. Basing the choice of cuff on its brand name C. Measuring the blood pressure 15 to 20 minutes after activity D. Placing the stethoscope softly on the child's antecubital fossa

B. Basing the choice of cuff on its brand name

According to the Piaget's theory, which behavior does a 9 year old child show? A. Logical reasoning B. Concrete thinking C. Object permanence D. Imaginary audience

B. Concrete thinking

According to Freud, which must occur before an individual is able to have a mature adult sexual relationship? A. Puberty B. Conflict resolution C Acquisition of new skills D. Loss of self in another person

B. Conflict resolution

According to Piaget, which statement describes the concrete operation stage? A. During this stage, children have egocentric thoughts B. During this stage, children are able to perform mental operations C. During this stage, children learn to think with the use of symbols and mental images. D. During this stage, children develop an action pattern for dealing with the environment.

B. During this stage, children are able to perform mental operations

Which component of the human personality, according to Freud, allows an individual to judge reality accurately? A. Id B. Ego C. Superego D. Oedipus complex

B. Ego According to Freud, the ego allows an individual to judge reality accurately.

Which psychosocial change does a toddler exhibit? A. Achieves full independence B. Engages in full temper tantrums C. Exhibits weak determination D. Performs very few muscular activities.

B. Engages in full temper tantrums

According to Kohlberg's theory, which stage comes before the society-maintaining orientation stage? A. Social contract orientation B. Good boy-nice girl orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Punishment and obedience orientation

B. Good boy-nice girl orientation

Which stages are a part of conventional reasoning, according to the Kohlberg's theory of moral development? Select all that apply. A. Social contract orientation B. Good boy-nice girl orientation C. Society-maintaining orientation D. Instrument relativist orientation E. Universal ethical principle orientation

B. Good boy-nice girl orientation C. Society-maintaining orientation

Which effect would the nurse identify as seen when the fetus is exposed to a teratogen during the embryonic period? A. Delay in growth B. Gross malformations C. Death of the conceptus D. Disruption of brain development

B. Gross malformations

A 13 year old client is found to have idiopathic scoliosis. The client is upset about the treatment regimen and is worried about being different from peers. Which would the nurse provide to maintain a positive self-image during treatment? A. Remind the client of consequences if her or she refuses treatment B. Help investigate appropriate clothing to minimize appearance of the brace C. Disregard negative characteristics and focus on positive attributes D. Refer the client for psychological counseling until the treatment program is completed

B. Help investigate appropriate clothing to minimize appearance of the brace

A mother diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states she has been caring for her baby even though she has not been feeling well. Which important information would the nurse determine regarding the care provided by the mother? A. If she has ever kissed the baby and how B. If the mother is breast-feeding her baby C. When the baby last received antibiotics D. How long she has been caring for the baby

B. If the mother is breast-feeding her baby

An older client states, 'I've lived a good life. I don't want to die, but I accept it as part of life.' According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, which developmental task has this client achieved? A. Identity B. Integrity C. Despair D. Generativity

B. Integrity

An older retired client tells the nurse about the great life he has lived and the activities that he enjoys at the senior center. According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, which developmental conflict has the client resolved? A. Trust vs mistrust B. Integrity vs despair C. Generativity vs self absorption D. Autonomy vs shame and doubt

B. Integrity vs despair

Based on Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, which task must a 30 year old client work through? A. Integrity vs despair B. Intimacy vs isolation C. Industry vs inferiority D. Identity vs role confusion

B. Intimacy vs isolation

A 15 year old plans to go to a nightclub without informing his or her parents buy is afraid of being caught. Which behavior would this indicate? A. Seriation B. Invulnerability C. Personal fable D. Imaginary audience

B. Invulnerability

Which language development milestone is seen in 4 year old? A. Names four or more colors B. Knows simple songs C. Has a vocabulary of about 2100 words D. Uses sentences of six to eight words, with all parts of speech

B. Knows simple songs

Ingestion of which chemicals may cause chemical pneumonia? A. Bleach B. Lighter fluid C. Toilet cleaner D. Mildew remover

B. Lighter fluid Certain hydrocarbons, like lighter fluid. can cause sever pneumonia on igestion

A 55-year-old client reports cessation of menstrual periods for a year. Which term describes the client's condition? A. Menarche B. Menopause C. Dyspareunia D. Menorrhagia

B. Menopause

Which of these statements about the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life is true? A. Hyperthermia is observed in the newborn B. Newborns are susceptible to heat loss and cold stress C. Apgar assessments are conducted 5 and 10 minutes after birth D. Physiological changes in the newborn occur during the first 12 hours of life.

B. Newborns are susceptible to heat loss and cold stress

Which medication would the nurse identify as a potential cause for the formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn if used during pregnancy? A. Estrogens B. Nitrofurantoin C. Methotrexate D. Valproic acid

B. Nitrofurantoin

Which type of play do 2 year old toddlers engage in? A. Group B. Parallel C. Dramatic D. Cooperative

B. Parallel

When a client injures the amphiarthrodial joint, which joint did the client injure? A. Knee joint B. Pelvic joint C. Elbow joint D. Cranial joint

B. Pelvic joint

According to Piaget's theory, which period describes a child's stage of egocentrism? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operations D. Concrete operations

B. Preoperational

Which statement is true regarding the physical development of a preschooler? A. Children gain about 3 lbs per year B. Preschoolers grow 6.2 to 7.5 cm per year C. Preschoolers grow three times their length at around 4 years D. The average weight of the child at 4 years is 32 lbs ( 14.51 kg)

B. Preschoolers grow 6.2 to 7.5 cm per year

Which self-care skill would the nurse expect a 4 year old child to be capable of performing? A. Parting and combing hair B. Putting on a shirt and buttoning it C. Cutting meat with a fork and knife D. Putting on shoes an tying shoelaces

B. Putting on a shirt and buttoning it

According to Erikson, which would the nurse anticipate when assessing an adolescent? A. Being engaged in tasks B. Questioning sexual identify C. Having highly imaginative thoughts D. Wanting to participate in organized activates

B. Questioning sexual identify

Which guideline would the nurse consider when planning care for a hospitalized older client with Alzheimer disease? A. Physical contact will increase dependency needs. B. Routines provide stability for clients with neurocognitive disorders. C. Regressive behavior should be interrupted immediately. D. Procedures do not have to be explained to clients with neurocognitive disorders.

B. Routines provide stability for clients with neurocognitive disorders.

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which stage is a part of conventional reasoning? A. Social contract orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrument relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation

B. Society-maintaining orientation

Which stage of Kohlberg's theory explains the influence of moral values on an individual's thought? A. Good boy-nice girl orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation

B. Society-maintaining orientation

Which toys would the nurse suggest to the parent of a 4-month-old infant to help promote the child's growth and development? A. Push-pull toys B. Soft squeeze toys C. Nesting blocks and cups D. Wooden hammer and pegboard.

B. Soft squeeze toys

Which stage describes the Oedipus complex, according to Freud's theory? A. Stage 2 B. Stage 3 C. Stage4 D. Stage 5

B. Stage 3

Which statement describes stage 4 of Kohlberg's theory? Select all that apply A. The child recognizes that there is more than one right view B. The child shows respect for authority and maintains the social order C. Adolescents choose to avoid a party where they know beer will be served D. The individual wants to win approval and maintain the expectations of one's immediate group E. The child's response to moral dilemma is in terms of absolute obedience to authority and rules.

B. The child shows respect for authority and maintains the social order C. Adolescents choose to avoid a party where they know beer will be served

According to Erikson's theory, which behavior would a toddler exhibit? A. The child is causal about body appearance. B. The child starts performing self- caring activities C. The child suppresses feelings of the superego D. The child becomes dependent on his or her siblings

B. The child starts performing self- caring activities

Which is true about the effect of grief and loss in toddlers? A. They show resilience after a loss B. They express a sense of change in sleeping. C. They understand the concepts of permanence D. They get disrupted in developing an autonomous sense of self.

B. They express a sense of change in sleeping.

During which week of pregnancy does placental development occur? A. First B. Third C. Fifth D. Seventh

B. Third

Which of these age groups has the highest incidence of lead poisoning? A. Adult B. Toddler C. Adolescent D. School-age child

B. Toddler

After the nurse provides education about all-terrain vehicle (ATV) safety for a parent of a 11 year old child, which statement made by the parent indicates an understanding of the information? A 'I will have my child ride with an adult' B. 'I will make sure my child wears a helmet.' C. 'I will make sure my child does not get on an ATV.' D. 'I will make sure my child has had a safety training before he or she rides.'

C. 'I will make sure my child does not get on an ATV.'

Which is the average height of a 4 year old child? A. 2ft 10 in (86.6cm) B. 3ft, 1.5 in (95cm) C. 3ft, 4.5 in (103) D. 3ft, 7.5 in (110)

C. 3ft, 4.5 in (103)

The nurse is learning about the shift in total body fluid that occurs from infancy to adulthood. Which percentage of body weight is the weight of extracellular fluid (ECF) in an infant at term? A. 10% B. 20% C. 44% D. 78%

C. 44%

Which statement regarding the teenage diet is true? A. Adolescents are found of healthy food B. Adolescents need vitamin supplements C. Adolescents need high amount of calories D. Adolescents require low amounts of protein

C. Adolescents need high amount of calories

In which stage of Erikson's theory does the child initiate self-care activities? A. Imitative vs guild B. Integrity vs despair C. Autonomy vs sense of shame and doubt D. Generativity vs self-absorption and stagnation

C. Autonomy vs sense of shame and doubt

In a child with lead poisoning, where is lead stored while remaining inert? A. Liver B. Blood C. Bones D. Soft tissues

C. Bones Lead is stored in the bones and teeth

Which transformation occur during the mid-puberty stage of a normally developing adolescent female? A. Scanty and irregular menstrual periods B. Appearance of pubic hair and increase in normal vaginal discharge C. Breast enlargement and the growth of pubic hair D. Changes in the nipple and areola and the development of a small bud of breast tissue

C. Breast enlargement and the growth of pubic hair

According to Piaget's theory, which of these is true about the period of formal operations? Select all that apply. A. Children develop a scheme for dealing with the environment B. Children are able to describe a process without actually doing it C. Children have the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities D. Children believe that everyone experiences the world exactly as they do E. Children have a belief that their actions are scrutinized by an imaginary audience

C. Children have the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities E. Children have a belief that their actions are scrutinized by an imaginary audience

Which medication may cause photophobia as an adverse effect? A. Nifedipine B. Alendronate C. Clomiphene D. Indomethacine

C. Clomiphene

Which comorbidity is associated Down syndrome? A. Renal disease B. Hepatic defects C. Congenital heart disease D. Endocrine gland malfunction

C. Congenital heart disease

Which teratogenic effect is been because of lithium? A. Stillbirth B. Shortened limbs C. Ebstein anomaly D. Neural tube defects

C. Ebstein anomaly

A professor asks a student nurse to explain the stage when an adolescent has prevalence of egocentric thought. Which period of the Piaget's theory will the nurse explain? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operations D. Concrete operations

C. Formal operations

Which period of Piaget's theory marks the end of cognitive development? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operations D. Concrete operations

C. Formal operations

Which period of Piaget's theory covers the prevalence of egocentrism in adolescents? A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Formal operations D. Concrete operations

C. Formal operations Formal operations is the fourth period of Piaget's theory. During this period, there is a prevalence of egocentric thought. This egocentricity leads adolescents to demonstrate feelings and behaviors characterized by self-consciousness.

Identify the stage at which an adolescent develops abstract thinking. A. Genital stage B. Conventional reasoning C. Formal operations period D. Identity vs. role confusion

C. Formal operations period

According to Erikson's developmental psychosocial theory, which is expected by 20 years of age? A. Having the capacity for love and a commitment to work B. Being creative and productive and having concerns for others C. Having a coherent sense of self and planning to accomplish future goals D. Accepting the worth, integrity, and uniqueness of one's past and present life

C. Having a coherent sense of self and planning to accomplish future goals

Which is the cause of milk anemia in toddlers? A. Drinking skim milk B. Drinking fruit juice C. Increased milk intake D. Increased intake of fruits

C. Increased milk intake

According to the Erikson's theory, which stage in a young adult describes the development of the sense of caring for others? A. Initiative vs guilt B. Integrity vs despair C. Intimacy vs isolation D. Identity vs role confusion

C. Intimacy vs isolation

At which stage of development would the nurse anticipate that pediatric clients will begin to show differences in play activates that are related to gender? A. Preschool B. Adolescence C. Late school age D. Early school age

C. Late school age

Which behavior would be an adolescent exhibit? A. Temper tantrums B. Attempting to control situations C. Synchronization of moral skills D. Eagerness for formal education

C. Synchronization of moral skills

Which average daily caloric intake is appropriate in preschoolers? A 400 B. 700 C. 1000 D. 1800

D. 1800

At which age is a toddler physiologically and psychologically prepared for toilet training? A. 13 moths B. 16 months C. 19 months D. 22 months

D. 22 months

Which client may have concerns related to sexuality when hospitalized with a chronic illness? A. An 8 year old B. A 10 year old C. A 12 year old D. An 18 year old.

D. An 18 year old. An 18-year-old client is an adolescent, which is the stage of development where concerns about sexuality may occur when the client is hospitalized with a chronic illness.

According to Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, in which stage would toilet training be achieved? A. Trust vs mistrust B. Initiative vs guilt C. Industry vs inferiority D. Autonomy vs shame

D. Autonomy vs shame Children between ages 18months and 3 years attempt to develop independence; control over the self; and mastery of toileting, dressing, and feeding.

Which activity demonstrates fine motor skills in infants aged 2 to 4 months? A. Turning from side to back B. Sitting erect using support C. Showing good head control D. Bringing objects from hand to mouth.

D. Bringing objects from hand to mouth.

How do adolescents establish group identity during psychosocial development? A. By evaluating their own health with a feeling of well-being B. By fostering their independence with a balanced family structure C. By achieving marked physical changes with masculine and feminine behaviors D. By building close peer relationships to achieve acceptance in the society

D. By building close peer relationships to achieve acceptance in the society

Which hormone may cause vaginal carcinoma in a female child after birth? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Androgens D. Diethylstilbestrol

D. Diethylstilbestrol

According to the Erikson's theory, which stage describes the will of an adolescent to achieve a goal? A. Initiative vs. guilt B. Integrity vs. despair C. Intimacy vs. isolation D. Identity vs. role confusion

D. Identity vs. role confusion

Which statement is true about an appropriate diet for toddlers? A. Finger foods should not be served B. Toddlers need 4 to 6 cups of milk per day C. Low-fat or skim milk should be given until the child is 2 years old D. Milk should be supplemented with solid foods like vegetables and fruits

D. Milk should be supplemented with solid foods like vegetables and fruits

Which parental statement would the nurse recognize as indicating the need for further education about bicycle safety for a school-aged client? A. My child should be able to place both feet on the ground while seated. B. My child should be able to easily grasp the break handles and squeeze them. C. My child will be required to wear a bicycle helmet if he or she wants to ride a bike. D. My child should be able to safely ride after being supervised for a couple of weeks.

D. My child should be able to safely ride after being supervised for a couple of weeks.

Which period of Piaget's theory explains self-consciousness in an adolescent? A. Period I B. Period II C. Period III D. Period IV

D. Period IV

The parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that they try to inculcate good eating habits by asking the child to be at the table until the 'plate is clean.' Which condition is the child at risk for? A. Anorexia B. Depression C. Aggression D. Poor eating habits

D. Poor eating habits

In which age group would the nurse anticipate observing associative play? A. Infants B. Toddlers C. Adolescents D. Preschoolers

D. Preschoolers

Which sign in the newborn infant would reflect an Apgar score of 1 in the category of respiration? A. Good cry B. Grimace C. Absent respiration D. Slow, weak cry

D. Slow, weak cry

Which of these characteristics are found in an adolescent according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development? Select all that apply A. The adolescent develops a conscience. B. The adolescent concentrates on work and play C. The adolescent develops autonomy by making choices D. The adolescent is concerned about his or her appearance and body image E. The adolescent acquires a sense of identity by participating in decision-making

D. The adolescent is concerned about his or her appearance and body image E. The adolescent acquires a sense of identity by participating in decision-making

Which is true about the preoperational period of Piaget's theory? A. The child develops a scheme for dealing with the environment B. The child is able to describe a process without actually doing it C. The child has the capacity to reason with respect to possibilities D. The child believes that everyone experiences the world exactly as he or she does.

D. The child believes that everyone experiences the world exactly as he or she does.

Which gross motor skill is found in children between 2 to 4 months of age? A. The child can creep on its hands and knees. B. The child has predominant inborn reflexes C. The child can sit alone without any kind of support D. The child can bear weight on forearms when prone.

D. The child can bear weight on forearms when prone.

Which stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development defines 'right' by the decision of the conscience? A. Social contract orientation B. Society-maintaining orientation C. Instrumental relativist orientation D. Universal ethical principle orientation

D. Universal ethical principle orientation

Which medication may cause malformations of the male external genitalia? A. Etretinate B. Dutasteride C. Methimazole D. Propylthiouracil

Dutasteride

An adolescent girl is concerned about her body image after amputation of a leg for bone cancer. After the nurse has obtained the girl's consent, which action is most therapeutic? A. Encouraging her peers to visit B. Keeping her lower body covered C. Placing her in a room by herself D. Limiting her visitors to the family.

Encouraging her peers to visit

Arrange the stages of the menstrual cycle in sequential order. Ovulation Follicular phase Feedback mechanism Follicular involution

Follicular phase Ovulation Follicular involution Feedback mechanism

An adolescent girl with a seizure disorder refuses to wear a medical alert bracelet. Which would the nurse tell the girl that may help her wear the bracelet consistently? A. Hide the bracelet under long-sleeved clothes. B. Wear the bracelet when engaging in contact sports. C. Ask her friends to wear bracelets that look like hers. D. Select a bracelet similar to bracelets worn by her peers.

Select a bracelet similar to bracelets worn by her peers