Periodic Table

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metals

"being a good conductor of electricity" is a physical property of metals or non-metals?

2

# of electrons allowed in first energy level (closest to the nucleus)

8

# of electrons allowed in the 2nd energy level

valence electrons

# of electrons found in the furtherst out (or highest energy level) these are the electrons that can be transferred or shared with other atoms

How many vertical columns are there in the periodic table? What are they called?

-18 vertical columns -called groups/families, often named after the first element in the group (the carbon family) -elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the SAME NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS!!

Holmium (Ho)

Atomic Number: 67 Average Atomic Mass: 164.93

Fluorine (F)

Atomic Number: 9 19.00

Neutral or no

Neutrons have a ________ charge.

positive

Protons have a _______ charge.

metals (cations) and non metals (anions)

What type of elements form cations and anions

molecules

When atoms combine they can form____________. Water is an example of this (2 Hydrogens and 1 Oxygen)

Lithium (Li)

Which element has three (3) electrons?

metalloids

elements with properties between metals and nonmetals

reactive

how likely an element is to undergo a chemical change

In a group (column)

the chemical and physical properties are most likely similar

Elements in the same column have similar properties because ______________________ (not a one word answer, an explanation)

they have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital (called valence electrons)

element symbol

A one or two letter abbreviation of the element's name. First letter ALWAYS capitalized, second letter ALWAYS lower case

element

Adding or removing protons in an element, from the nucleus of an atom, creates a different __________.

physical properties

Are the following characteristics physical or chemical properties? Silvery colored Relatively soft Low melting points

increases

As you go from left to right across a row the number of valence electrons ______

Hydrogen (H)

Atomic Number: 1 Average Atomic Mass: 1.01

Neon (Ne)

Atomic Number: 10 Average Atomic Mass

Fermium (Fm)

Atomic Number: 100 Average Atomic Mass: 257

Mendelevium (Md)

Atomic Number: 101 Average Atomic Mass: 258

Nobelium (No)

Atomic Number: 102 Average Atomic Mass: 259

Lawrencium (Lr)

Atomic Number: 103 Average Atomic Mass: 262

Rutherfordium (Rf)

Atomic Number: 104 Average Atomic Mass: 261

Dubnium (Db)

Atomic Number: 105 Average Atomic Mass: 262

Seoborgium (Sg)

Atomic Number: 106 Average Atomic Mass: 266

Bohrium (Bh)

Atomic Number: 107 Average Atomic Mass: 264

Hassium (Hs)

Atomic Number: 108 Average Atomic Mass: 269

Meitnerium (Mt)

Atomic Number: 109 Average Atomic Mass: 268

Sodium (Na)

Atomic Number: 11 Average Atomic Mass: 22.99

Darmstadtium (Ds)

Atomic Number: 110 Average Atomic Mass: 281

Roentgenium (Rg)

Atomic Number: 111 Average Atomic Mass: 280

Copernicium (Cn)

Atomic Number: 112 Average Atomic Mass: 285

Nihonium (Nh)

Atomic Number: 113 Average Atomic Mass: 284

Flerovium (Fl)

Atomic Number: 114 Average Atomic Mass: 289

Moscovium (Mc)

Atomic Number: 115 Average Atomic Mass: 288

Livermorium (Lv)

Atomic Number: 116 Average Atomic Mass: 293

Tennessine (Ts)

Atomic Number: 117 Average Atomic Mass: 294

Oganesson (Og)

Atomic Number: 118 Average Atomic Mass: 294

Magnesium (Mg)

Atomic Number: 12 Average Atomic Mass: 24.31

Aluminum (Al)

Atomic Number: 13 Average Atomic Mass: 26.98

Silicon (Si)

Atomic Number: 14 Average Atomic Mass: 28.09

Phosphorus (P)

Atomic Number: 15 Average Atomic Mass: 30.97

Sulfur (S)

Atomic Number: 16 Average Atomic Mass: 32.07

Chlorine (Cl)

Atomic Number: 17 Average Atomic Mass: 35.45

Argon (Ar)

Atomic Number: 18 Average Atomic Mass: 39.95

Potassium (K)

Atomic Number: 19 Average Atomic Mass: 39.10

Helium (He)

Atomic Number: 2 Average Atomic Mass: 4.00

Calcium (Ca)

Atomic Number: 20 Average Atomic Mass: 40.08

Scandium (Sc)

Atomic Number: 21 Average Atomic Mass: 44.96

Titanium (Ti)

Atomic Number: 22 Average Atomic Mass: 47.87

Vanadium (V)

Atomic Number: 23 Average Atomic Mass: 50.94

Chromium (Cr)

Atomic Number: 24 Average Atomic Mass: 52.00

Manganese (Mn)

Atomic Number: 25 Average Atomic Mass: 54.94

Iron (Fe)

Atomic Number: 26 Average Atomic Mass: 55.85

Cobalt (Co)

Atomic Number: 27 Average Atomic Mass: 58.93

Nickel (Ni)

Atomic Number: 28 Average Atomic Mass: 58.69

Copper (Cu)

Atomic Number: 29 Average Atomic Mass: 63.55

Lithium (Li)

Atomic Number: 3 Average Atomic Mass: 6.94

Zinc (Zn)

Atomic Number: 30 Average Atomic Mass:65.39

Gallium (Ga)

Atomic Number: 31 Average Atomic Mass; 69.72

Germanium (Ge)

Atomic Number: 32 Average Atomic Number: 72.61

Arsenic (As)

Atomic Number: 33 Average Atomic Mass: 74.92

Selenium (Se)

Atomic Number: 34 Average Atomic Mass: 78.96

Bromine (Br)

Atomic Number: 35 Average Atomic Mass: 79.90

Krypton (Kr)

Atomic Number: 36 Average Atomic Mass: 83.80

Rubidium (Rb)

Atomic Number: 37 Average Atomic Mass: 85.47

Strontium (Sr)

Atomic Number: 38 Average Atomic Mass: 87.62

Yttrium (Y)

Atomic Number: 39 Average Atomic Mass: 88.91

Beryllium (Be)

Atomic Number: 4 Average Atomic Mass: 9.01

Zirconium (Zr)

Atomic Number: 40 Average Atomic Mass: 91.22

Niobium (Nb)

Atomic Number: 41 Average Atomic Mass: 92.91

Molybdenum (Mo)

Atomic Number: 42 Average Atomic Mass: 95.94

Teehnetium (Tc)

Atomic Number: 43 Average Atomic Mass: 98

Ruthenium (Ru)

Atomic Number: 44 Average Atomic Mass: 101.07

Rhodium (Rh)

Atomic Number: 45 Average Atomic Mass: 102.91

Palladium (Pd)

Atomic Number: 46 Average Atomic Mass: 106.42

Silver (Ag)

Atomic Number: 47 Average Atomic Mass: 107.82

Cadmium (Cd)

Atomic Number: 48 Average Atomic Mass: 112.42

Indium (In)

Atomic Number: 49 Average Atomic Mass: 114.82

Boron (B)

Atomic Number: 5 Average Atomic Mass: 10.81

Tin (Sn)

Atomic Number: 50 Average Atomic Mass: 118.72

Antimony (Sb)

Atomic Number: 51 Average Atomic Mass: 121.76

Tellurium (Te)

Atomic Number: 52 Average Atomic Mass: 126.60

Iodine (I)

Atomic Number: 53 Average Atomic Mass: 126.90

Xenon (Xe)

Atomic Number: 54 Average Atomic Mass: 131.29

Cesium (Cs)

Atomic Number: 55 Average Atomic Mass: 132.91

Barium (Ba)

Atomic Number: 56 Average Atomic Mass: 137.33

Lanthanium (La)

Atomic Number: 57 Average Atomic Mass: 140.12

Cerium (Ce)

Atomic Number: 58 Average Atomic Mass: 140.12

Praseodymium (Pr)

Atomic Number: 59 Average Atomic Mass: 140.91

Carbon (C)

Atomic Number: 6 Average Atomic Mass: 12.01

Neodymium (Nd)

Atomic Number: 60 Average Atomic Mass: 144.24

Promethium (Pm)

Atomic Number: 61 Average Atomic Mass: 145

Samarium (Sm)

Atomic Number: 62 Average Atomic Mass: 150.36

Europium (Eu)

Atomic Number: 63 Average Atomic Mass: 151.96

Gadolinium (Gd)

Atomic Number: 64 Average Atomic Mass: 157.25

Terbium (Tb)

Atomic Number: 65 Average Atomic Mass: 158.93

Dysprosium (Dy)

Atomic Number: 66 Average Atomic Mass: 162.50

Erbium (Er)

Atomic Number: 68 Average Atomic Mass: 167.26

Thulium (Tm)

Atomic Number: 69 Average Atomic Mass: 168.93

Nitrogen (N)

Atomic Number: 7 Average Atomic Mass: 14.01

Ytterbium (Yb)

Atomic Number: 70 Average Atomic Mass: 173.04

Lutetium (Lu)

Atomic Number: 71 Average Atomic Mass: 174.97

Hafnium (Hf)

Atomic Number: 72 Average Atomic Mass: 178.49

Tantalum (Ta)

Atomic Number: 73 Average Atomic Mass: 180.95

Tunglsen (W)

Atomic Number: 74 Average Atomic Mass: 183.84

Rhenium (Re)

Atomic Number: 75 Average Atomic Mass: 186.21

Osmium (Os)

Atomic Number: 76 Average Atomic Mass: 190.23

Iridium (Ir)

Atomic Number: 77 Average Atomic Mass: 192.22

Platinum (Pt)

Atomic Number: 78 Average Atomic Mass: 195.08

Gold (Au)

Atomic Number: 79 Average Atomic Mass: 196.97

Oxygen (O)

Atomic Number: 8 Average Atomic Mass: 16.00

Mercury (Hg)

Atomic Number: 80 Average Atomic Mass: 200.59

Thallium (Tl)

Atomic Number: 81 Average Atomic Mass: 204.38

Lead (Pb)

Atomic Number: 82 Average Atomic Mass: 207.2

Bismuth (Bi)

Atomic Number: 83 Average Atomic Mass: 208.98

Polonium (Po)

Atomic Number: 84 Average Atomic Mass: 209

Astatine (At)

Atomic Number: 85 Average Atomic Mass: 210

Radon (Rn)

Atomic Number: 86 Average Atomic Mass: 222

Franclum (Fr)

Atomic Number: 87 Average Atomic Mass: 223

Radium (Ra)

Atomic Number: 88 Average Atomic Mass: 226

Actinium (Ac)

Atomic Number: 89 Average Atomic Mass: 227

Thorium (Th)

Atomic Number: 90 Average Atomic Mass: 232.04

Protactinium (Pa)

Atomic Number: 91 Average Atomic Mass: 231.04

Uranium (U)

Atomic Number: 92 Average Atomic Mass: 238.03

Neptunium (Np)

Atomic Number: 93 Average Atomic Mass: 237

Plutonium (Pu)

Atomic Number: 94 Average Atomic Mass: 244

Americium (Am)

Atomic Number: 95 Average Atomic Mass: 243

Curium (Cm)

Atomic Number: 96 Average Atomic Mass:247

Berkellum (Bk)

Atomic Number: 97 Average Atomic Mass: 247

Californium (Cf)

Atomic Number: 98 Average Atomic Mass: 251

Einsteinium (Es)

Atomic Number: 99 Average Atomic Mass: 252

number of neutrons

Atomic mass - atomic number = ________

ductile

Drawn into thin wires

True

Electronegatity and ionization energy increase as you move left to right on the periodic table

negative

Electrons have a ________ charge.

closer to farther from

Electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus have less energy than those electrons that are closer to/farther from the nucleus

they have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital (called valence electrons)

Elements in the same column have similar properties because ______________________ (not a one word answer, an explanation)

Metalloids or semi-metals

Elements that have properties of both metals and non-metals and are found along the zig-zag line on the periodic chart.

vertical columns

Families or Groups are the two names for which of the following: horizontal rows or vertical columns

electrons

For most of the elements on the periodic table, the number of protons is equal to the number of ____________.

by its group number (exception: transition metals)

How can you determine the number of valence electrons for an element

118

How many total elements are there on the periodic table?

-18 vertical columns -called groups/families, often named after the first element in the group (the carbon family) -elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the SAME NUMBER OF VALENCE ELECTRONS!!

How many vertical columns are there in the periodic table? What are they called?

the chemical and physical properties are most likely similar

In a group (column) in the periodic table, that properties are most likely similar among these elements?

atomic

In the periodic table, the number of protons tell you the __________ number.

Transition Metals

Located in the center of the Periodic Table (d block) between groups IIA and IIIA

left

Metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?

heat and electricity

Metals are good conductors of _________ and _________.

solid

Most elements in the periodic table are found in the ___________ state.

non-metals

Most of these compounds are gases at room temperature: (metals or non-metals?)

right

Non-metals are found on the left or right side of the periodic chart of elements?

brittle

Non-metals break easier than metals. We say non-metals are weak or __________.

malleable

That something can be hammered into thin sheets if struck, rather than having it shatter.

mass

The _______ number of an atom is found by adding the protons and neutrons.

Group IA

The alkali Metals are in this group.

Group IIA

The alkaline-earth metals are in this group.

protons. NOTE - the number of neutrons and electrons can vary from atom to atom of an element BUT THE NUMBER OF PROTONS MUST STAY THE SAME (or it would be a different element)

The atomic number of an atom tell you the number of ___________.

nucleus

The center of an atom is called the _________________.

column or family

The elements that are the most alike are the ones in the same row or the same column?

valence electrons

The name for the electrons in the outer most orbital is the ______________ electrons.

electrons

The name for the small particles that zoom around the outside of an atom and has almost no mass.

energy level

The row an element is located in on the periodic table tells us its outermost _______ _______ in its electron configuration.

Why are the Noble Gases unreactive?

Their outer energy level of electrons is full. They do not react with any other elements because they don't need any electrons and don't want to give any away either.

atoms

These are the smallest building blocks of matter that make up everything.

Mendeleev

This scientist organized elements according to atomic mass and used the arrangement to predict the properties of missing elements.

Periods

What are the rows called?

Families or Groups

What are the vertical columns called? (2 names)

Group IA

What group of elements will form a cation with a +1 charge?

+1, -1, +3, -2 and 0

What is the ion charge on the following: Li, Br, Al, O and Kr

Alkali metals - they really want to give away the one valence electron that they have.

What metal family is the most reactive and why?

Halogens -because they only need only one more electron to reach 8 valence electrons.

What non-metal family is the most reactive and why?

element

When something is only made of one type of atom, it is called an _____________.

Along the staircase.

Where are the Metalloids (Semi-Metals) found on the Periodic Table"?

Hydrogen

Which element is a "One-of-a-Kind" and its most common isotope does not have any neutrons?

noble gases

Which family contains the non reactive gases?

alkali metals (group 1)

Which family of metals is the most chemically reactive?

non metals: because they want electrons

Which group of elements have high electronegativity and why

Group IIA

Which group of elements will form a cation with a +2 charge?

Group IIIA

Which group of elements will form a cation with a +3 charge?

Group VIIA

Which group of elements will form an anion with a -1 charge?

Group VIA

Which group of elements will form an anion with a -2 charge?

Group VA

Which group of elements will form an anion with a -3 charge?

Group VIIIA

Which group of elements will not form ions?

Groups 1 (alkali metals) and 17 (halogens)

Which groups on the periodic table are the most reactive?

metals because they give up their electrons easily to from cations

Which type of elements have loosely held valence electrons

metals and ionic compounds in molten state and when aq

Which type of substances conduct electricity

Protons and neutrons

_______ and _______ make up most of the mass of an atom.

gaining electrons

anions, negatively charged ions, form by

atomic mass

average mass of ONE atom of an element

losing electrons

cations, positively charged ions, form by

metals

elements that conduct electricity, are shiny, heat well and are easily shaped, solid at room temperature (except mercury)

nonmetals

elements the do not conduct electricity, are not shiny and do not conduct heat

-periods -there are 7

what are the horizontal rows called in the periodic table?

Cu +1 and Cu +2

write the formula for these 2 transition metals: Copper (I) and Copper (II)


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