Pharmacology Chapter 20 PrepU questions Anxiolytic and Hypnotic Agents

How should the nurse explain the major difference between normal and abnormal anxiety?

Abnormal anxiety is prolonged and impairs normal function

A client is experiencing acute anxiety and the nurse has received an order for diazepam 4 mg PO STAT. What is the nurse's best action?

Administer the medication as prescribed

Anxiolytic drugs can be used in the management of which conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Alcohol withdrawal Seizures Panic attacks

The client is experiencing pain. The nurse questions the health care provider's order to administer barbiturates to this client for what reason?

Barbiturates can cause paradoxical excitement

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous barbiturate. What assessment should the nurse prioritize?

Blood pressure

Which drug used to treat anxiety would be appropriate for a client who is a school teacher and is concerned about feeling sedated at work?

Buspirone (BuSpar)

A nurse obtains a health history from a client who has been prescribed temazepam (Restoril). Which finding would require immediate follow-up by the nurse?

Client is diagnosed with hepatitis C

The nurse should not administer sedatives or hypnotic drugs to which client?

Comatose client

The nurse is providing health education to a client who has been prescribed a barbiturate. The nurse should describe what mechanism of action?

Depression of the cerebral cortex

A child diagnosed with night terrors is prescribed a benzodiazepine agent. What increased risk should the child be monitored for?

Development of mood disorders

What is the prototype for the classification of drugs referred to as benzodiazepines?

Diazepam

A group of nursing students answers correctly if they identify which medication as the prototype benzodiazepine?

Diazepam (valium)

Which information should be included in the teaching plan of a client who is taking a sedative for a diagnosis of insomnia? Select all that apply.

Do not drive or operate heavy machinery while taking the medication. Do not drink alcoholic beverages 2 hours before or within 8 hours after taking the drug.

What are examples of nonbenzodiazepine-type hypnotic and sedative drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Eszopiclone (Lunesta) Zolpidem (Ambien) Zaleplon (Sonata)

Clients taking benzodiazepines, especially older adult clients, are at high risk for which effect?

Falls

Barbiturates are considered the sedative and hypnotic drugs of choice.

False

Barbiturates are considered the sedative and hypnotic drugs of choice.

False Barbiturats are associated with numerous adverse effects that can be severe in addition to the risk for addiction and dependence. Newer anxiolytic agents have replaced barbiturates in most instances.

Eszopiclone is thought to react with norepinephrine to achieve its action.

False Eszopiclone is thought to react with GABA sites near benzodiazepine receptors.

An agent classified as a hypnotic is used primarily for preventing the feelings of tension or fear.

False Hypnotics are agents that can cause sleep; anxiolytics can prevent the feelings of tension or fear.

Zaleplon stimulates melatonin receptors to promote sleep.

False Ramelteon stimulates melatonin receptors. Zaleplon is thought to affect serotonin levels in the sleep center near the reticular activating system.

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient undergoing antianxiety treatment. The patient is to be administered antianxiety drugs parenterally. What precautions should be taken by the nurse?

Have resuscitative equipment ready.

A nurse is preparing to administer an anxiolytic to a client. What would be most appropriate for the nurse to do before administering the drug?

Have the client void

Which action by the new nurse would alert the charge nurse that more education is needed for the new nurse, after administering an anxiolytic to a client?

Having the client walk to the bathroom

A nurse should be cautious administering sedatives and hypnotics to which clients? (Select all that apply.)

Hepatic impairment Renal impairment Mental health problems Habitual alcohol use

A nurse is preparing to call a prescriber about a client who would like to sleep through the night. The nurse is clarifying with the client the need of a medication to fall asleep, which would be hypnotic, or a medication to relax them like a sedative. What are the differences between sedatives and hypnotics? Select all that apply.

Hypnotic drugs induce drowsiness or sleep. Sedative drugs assist with sleeping. Sedative drugs aid in the healing process by assistance with sleep.

A patient admitted to the health care facility for alcohol withdrawal has been prescribed an antianxiety medication. Why should the nurse suggest the patient stop consuming alcohol while therapy is ongoing?

Increased risk for CNS depression

The client suffers from GERD and diverticulosis and has been admitted to a medical floor. The admitting physician orders cimetadine and a sedative to calm the client. What should the nurse be concerned about?

Increased sedative effect

When describing the uses for sedatives and hypnotics, which would the nursing instructor identify as the primary use?

Insomnia

A client who has claustrophobia is scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of an abdominal mass. The nurse should anticipate what pre-medication order?

Lorazepam 2 mg PO

A client has been admitted to the surgical floor and is scheduled for an elective minor procedure. During the health history, the client informs the nurse of difficulty sleeping until a few weeks ago when a hormone was recommended by a neighbor and started. To what hormone is this client referring?

Melatonin

The daughter of an older adult client asks the nurse if her father should be aware of any special precautions while taking lorazepam (Ativan). What is the nurse's best response?

Monitor for increased signs of confusion or forgetfulness.

A patient admitted to the health care facility for insomnia related to stress is prescribed a sedative. What intervention should the nurse perform to promote the effects of the sedative?

Perform back rubs

A patient undergoing treatment with barbiturates is showing symptoms of barbiturate toxicity. Which intervention should the nurse perform?

Provide respiratory assistance

What are sedatives and hypnotics used to treat? (Select all that apply.)

Status epilepticus Insomnia Preoperative sedation

Three days after discontinuing diazepam with medical guidance, an older adult continues to demonstrate impaired memory and confusion. The nurse should consider what possible explanation for the client's current status?

The adverse effects of benzodiazepines can persist for several days after stopping the drug

If a pregnant client has taken a benzodiazepine during pregnancy, what would be the biggest concern?

The infant may experience withdrawal symptoms during the postnatal period.

Respiratory distress is a contraindication for the use of barbiturates.

True Barbiturates commonly produce respiratory distress, so the individual in distress should not receive this drug, because respiration can be further depressed or distressed.

The nurse is reviewing signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal with a client who has taken diazepam daily for several years. The nurse should describe which possible effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal? Select all that apply.

Urinary retention Nausea Nightmares Headache

A male client is admitted to the emergency department via ambulance. He is attempting to pull out his IV line, exhibiting symptoms of agitation, and thrashing about. The physician orders a benzodiazepine-type sedative. What information is needed prior to administration of the drug?

Whether the client is experiencing drug intoxication or withdrawal

A 70-year-old patient has just started taking lorazepam 10 days ago for anxiety issues related the death of her husband. She is staying with her daughter for a couple of weeks. The patient's daughter has noticed that her mother is having difficulty walking and seems to be confused at times and calls the clinic to report this to the nurse. The nurse will inform the daughter that:

a dose adjustment should be made if these symptoms persist

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed oxazepam. What statement by the client should suggest that the client is at an increased risk of CNS depression to the nurse? a) "I take an over-the-counter antihistamine each day for my allergies." b) "I've almost finished my course of antibiotics for this sinus infection." c) "If I get constipated, I sometimes take a stool softener for a couple of days." d) "I'm also taking baby aspirin each day for my heart."

a) "I take an over-the-counter antihistamine each day for my allergies." Antihistamines, combined with benzodiazepines, create a heightened risk for CNS depression. Aspirin, antibiotics, and stool softeners would be unlikely to have this effect.

For which client would the use of a benzodiazepine for anxiety most likely be contraindicated? a) A 32-year-old client who is currently breastfeeding b) An adult client whose anxiety is due to psychosocial, not physiologic, factors c) An older adult with chronic renal failure d) A 41-year-old client with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder

a) A 32-year-old client who is currently breast-feeding. Benzodiazepines would likely be contraindicated during breast-feeding. Benzodiazepines should be used with caution in older adults and in clients with renal impairment, but they would not be absolutely contraindicated. Anxiety is usually due to psychosocial factors; this does not rule out benzodiazepine use.

What classification of over-the-counter (OTC) medications is often used by clients as treatment for insomnia?

antihistamines

A client is prescribed midazolam in combination with an opioid in the preoperative phase of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. What does the administration of midazolam assist in minimizing?

anxiety

A truck driver has been diagnosed with a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and lorazepam has been prescribed. The client asked the nurse how this medication will affect his job. The nurse would advise him how?

avoid driving until he is aware of the adverse effects

A client has been prescribed alprazolam 0.5 mg PO t. i. d. for the treatment of anxiety. What statement by the client demonstrates an accurate understanding of the drug regimen? a) "I should temporarily decrease the amount of fiber in my diet." b) "I will make sure not to stop the drug abruptly." c) "I can take an OTC antihistamine if I'm still feeling anxious." d) "I must take the drug on an empty stomach."

b) "I will make sure not to stop the drug abruptly." There is a risk of withdrawal if anxiolytics are stopped abruptly. Anxiolytics can be taken with foods or meals. The client would need to increase his intake of fiber to prevent constipation. Additional sedatives, anxiolytics, or hypnotics should be avoided.

A client is experiencing acute anxiety and the nurse has received an order for diazepam 4 mg PO STAT. What is the nurse's best action? a) Contact the prescriber to confirm the route b) Administer the medication as prescribed c) Contact the prescriber to confirm the dose d) Ensure flurazepam is available

b) Administer the medication as prescribed This order is within expected parameters for dose and route, so there is no obvious need to contact the prescriber. Flumazenil, not flurazepam, is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose.

The nurse is providing health education to a client who has been prescribed a barbiturate. The nurse should describe what mechanism of action? a) Effect on action potentials b) Depression of the cerebral cortex c) Enhancement of motor output d) Enhancement of action of GABA

b) Depression of the cerebral cortex. Barbiturates depress the cerebral cortex. Benzodiazepines make GABA more effective, leading to the anxiolytic effect. Barbiturates do not affect action potentials. Barbiturates depress motor output.

The nurse is caring for a child on the pediatric unit who is having difficulty sleeping. What drug would be safest to administer as a first-line drug to induce sleep? a) Chloral hydrate b) Diphenhydramine c) Diazepam d) Chlordiazepoxide

b) Diphenhydramine The antihistamines diphenhydramine and promethazine are more popular and safer for use in helping to calm children and to induce rest and sleep. Use of anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs with children is challenging. The response of the child to the drug may be unpredictable; inappropriate aggressiveness, crying, irritability, and tearfulness are common. As a result, chloral hydrate, chlordiazepoxide, and diazepam would be administered only if diphenhydramine was not effective.

The nurse's colleague administers an anxiolytic to the client. The nurse recognizes the colleague needs further teaching on the effects of the medication when the colleague performs what action? a) Raises the side rails and puts the bed in the low position. b) Encourages the client to walk to the bathroom independently. c) Dims the lights, pulls the curtains closed, and turns the volume down on the TV. d) Places the call light within reach and instructs the client to call if he or she needs anything.

b) Encourages the client to walk to the bathroom independently. Having the client walk to the bathroom would be appropriate before administering the drug, but after administration of the medication the client could become dizzy or light-headed and fall, so the colleague increases the client's risk for injury. Raising the side rails, placing the call light within reach, and creating an appropriate environmental setting Would be appropriate after administering an anxiolytic.

A client has undergone endoscopy following administration of a benzodiazepine. If prescribed, the nurse should administer what agent to reverse the sedative effects when the procedure is completed? a) Temazepam b) Flumazenil c) Triazolam d) Promethazine

b) Flumazenil Flumazenil is the antidote for benzodiazepines and is used to reverse the sedation of benzodiazepines used for diagnostic procedures. Temazepam would be used as a hypnotic. Triazolam is a benzodiazepine used as a hypnotic. Promethazine is an antihistamine with sedative effects.

The nurse is reviewing a client's current drug regimen and notes that the client takes 30 mg flurazepam daily. The nurse should suspect what health problem? a) Bipolar disorder b) Insomnia c) Psychosis d) Anxiety

b) Insomnia Flurazepam would be used as a hypnotic. It is not normally prescribed for anxiety. Hypnotics are not used to treat psychiatric disorders.

The nurse is reviewing the signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal in a client who has taken diazepam daily for several years. The nurse should describe what possible effects of benzodiazepine withdrawal? Select all that apply. a) Urinary retention b) Nausea c) Nightmares d) Headache e) Depression

b) Nausea, c) Nightmares, d) Headache Urinary retention is an adverse effect of benzodiazepines, but not a sign of withdrawal. Nausea, nightmares, and headache are manifestations of benzodiazepine withdrawal. Depression is not likely to occur.

A nurse is caring for a patient whose physician has ordered a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic. The nurse knows that most of these drugs are used with caution in patients with which disorders?

barbiturates

A client with a high-pressure job temporarily requires an anxiolytic that has no sedative properties. What medication is most likely to meet this client's needs?

buspirone

Which agent has no sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties but does reduce the signs and symptoms of anxiety?

buspirone

A client has been provided with a prescription for eszopiclone 1 mg PO daily as needed. What education should the nurse provide to the client? a) "If you're still feeling anxious after taking the drug for the first week, tell your provider." b) "Some clients experience drowsiness after taking this medication, so avoid driving." c) "Make sure that you go to bed immediately or very shortly after taking the pill." d) "Ensure that you don't take this medication more than three nights consecutively."

c) "Make sure that you go to bed immediately or very shortly after taking the pill." Eszopiclone is a treatment for insomnia, so drowsiness is assured, and the client should go to bed after taking it. It is not prescribed for anxiety. Short-term use is recommended, but there is no need to limit use to three nights consecutively.

A client received lorazepam intravenously at 09:00 hours. The nurse should maintain the client on bedrest until approximately what time? a) 13:30 hours b) 10:30 hours c) 12:00 hours d) 15:00 hours

c) 12:00 hours Clients who receive parenteral benzodiazepines should be monitored in bed for a period of at least 3 hours. Thus the client would be allowed out of bed at approximately 12:00 hours.

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous barbiturate. What assessment should the nurse prioritize? a) Assessment for bleeding b) Oxygen saturation c) Blood pressure d) Anaphylaxisshould the nurse prioritize?

c) Blood pressure Hypotension is a possible effect when barbiturates are given IV and is more common than hypoxia. Bleeding is not associated with intravenous barbiturate use. Anaphylaxis would be a serious but rare occurrence.

A client with a high-pressure job temporarily requires an anxiolytic that has no sedative properties. What medication is most likely to meet this client's needs? a) Meprobamate b) Diphenhydramine c) Buspirone d) Zaleplon

c) Buspirone Buspirone has no sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties, but it does reduce the signs and symptoms of anxiety. Zaleplon causes sedation and is used for short-term treatment of insomnia. Meprobamate has some anticonvulsant properties and central nervous system-relaxing effects. Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine that can be sedating.

A client who admits to having claustrophobia has been scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of an abdominal mass. The nurse should anticipate what medication order? a) Ramelteon 8 mg PO b) Eszopiclone 1 mg PO c) Lorazepam 2 mg PO d) Suvorexant 10 mg PO

c) Lorazepam 2 mg PO Benzodiazepines are often prescribed to relieve preprocedure anxiety. szopiclone, ramelteon, and suvorexant are hypnotics, which would induce several hours of sleep, which would be problematic.

The nurse is administering a benzodiazepine IV push when the monitor shows the client's heart rate decreased to 52 beats per minute. What is the nurse's priority action? a) Should not give the rest of the benzodiazepine and flush the line. b) Call the provider and inform of the client's reaction to the drug. c) Slow the rate of administration of the benzodiazepine. d) Document the client's allergic response to the medication.

c) Slow the rate of administration of the benzodiazepine. Hypotension, bradycardia, and cardiac arrest can result if IV push medications are given too quickly, so the nurse should stop the administration until heart rate returns to an acceptable rate and then infuse the rest of the medication more slowly. The nurse should document the client's response to the drug, but it is not an allergic response. There is no immediate need to call the provider unless heart rate does not return to baseline rate.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed suvorexant. The nurse should teach the client to: a) wear a medic-alert bracelet. b) report seizure activity promptly. c) plan to stay in bed for 7 hours after taking the drug. d) avoid dairy products for the duration of treatment.

c) plan to stay in bed for 7 hours after taking the drug. The client should be in bed within 30 minutes of taking the drug and plan to stay in bed for 7 hours, to decrease the safety risks of the CNS effects. There is no need to avoid dairy products or to wear a medic-alert bracelet. The drug is not used to treat seizures, nor are seizures a likely adverse effect.

An older adult client is prescribed a sedative for the treatment of insomnia. The nurse would suspect that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to the drug based on assessment of which of the following?

confusion

A client with convulsions has been admitted to the emergency department and has been prescribed 200 mg amobarbital IV STAT. What is the nurse's best action? a) Confirm the dose with the prescriber or a pharmacist b) Establish central IV access and administer the medication c) Question the provider about the route of the medication d) Administer the medication and monitor the client's status closely

d) Administer the medication and monitor the client's status closely. The prescribed dose falls within recommended parameters for indication, dose, and route. The nurse should administer the medication and monitor the client closely. There is no requirement that the medication be administered by central line, and not peripherally.

The nurse questions an order to administer barbiturates to a client with pain for what reason? a) Barbiturates can exacerbate neuropathic pain. b) Barbiturates can cause tachypnea in a client who is in pain. c) Barbiturates cannot be given in combination with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories. d) Barbiturates can cause paradoxical excitement

d) Barbiturates can cause paradoxical excitement. Barbiturates should not be administered to clients with acute or chronic pain because it can cause paradoxical excitement and mask other symptoms. There is no indication that barbiturates make pain more severe. There is no known risk of tachypnea, and barbiturates are not contraindicated with NSAID use.

As a result of a drug error, a client has inadvertently been given an intra-arterial injection of a benzodiazepine. The care team should monitor closely for what complication? a) Disseminated intravascular coagulation b) Auditory nerve damage c) Cerebrovascular accident d) Gangrene

d) Gangrene If a benzodiazepine is injected intra-arterially, arteriospasm and gangrene would occur. Auditory nerve damage, CVA, and DIC are less likely to occur.

The nurse in a long-term care facility is administering a new prescription of zolpidem to an older adult client. What action should the nurse perform related to this client's drug therapy? a) Encourage fluid intake. b) Monitor the client for potential seizure activity. c) Monitor the client for hematuria or decreased urine output. d) Monitor the client for excessive or unusual effects.

d) Monitor the client for excessive or unusual effects. Older adults taking zolpidem should be monitored for excessive or toxic effects. There is no appreciable risk of seizure activity or renal damage. There is no need to push fluids.

A client is to receive diazepam as part of the treatment for status epilepticus. The client has a peripheral intravenous infusion in the left arm that is being used to administer phenytoin. Which action would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? a) Wait until the infusion is completed to give the diazepam. b) Add the diazepam to the current IV infusion. c) Contact the prescriber to question the order. d) Start another IV line in the client's right arm.

d) Start another IV line in the client's right arm. When giving diazepam IV, it should not be mixed in solution with any other drugs. It would be best to start an IV in another site such as the opposite arm so that the client can receive the full benefits of both drugs. Notifying the prescriber that the diazepam cannot be given or waiting until the other drug is completed before giving the diazepam is inappropriate and could result in further seizure activity. Adding it to the current infusion is inappropriate because serious drug-drug interactions can occur.

An increased dosage of a prescribed benzodiazepine may be necessary if the client's current regimen includes what medication? a) Oral contraceptives b) Cimetidine c) Calcium-channel blockers d) Theophylline

d) Theophylline Theophylline, if taken with a benzodiazepine, leads to a decreased effectof the benzodiazepine, which might result in the need for an increased dosage of the benzodiazepine. Ranitidine, not cimetidine, if taken with a benzodiazepine leads to a decreased effect of the benzodiazepine, which might result in the need for an increased dosage of the benzodiazepine. Oral contraceptives, when taken with benzodiazepines, increase the effects of benzodiazepines, necessitating a reduced dosage of the benzodiazepine. A calcium channel blocker would not affect benzodiazepine therapy.

The nurse should question an order for benzodiazepine for what clients? Select all that apply. A client: a) who has peptic ulcer disease. b) who is intoxicated with alcohol. c) with acute narrow-angle glaucoma. d) with schizophrenia who is experiencing a psychotic episode. e) who takes a sustained serotonin reuptake inhibitor for depression.

d) with schizophrenia who is experiencing a psychotic episode., c) with acute narrow-angle glaucoma., b) who is intoxicated with alcohol. Benzodiazepines would be contraindicated in clients with psychosis, acute narrow-angle glaucoma, and acute alcohol intoxication. There is no contraindication for use of benzodiazepines in clients with depression or peptic ulcer disease.

In addition to relieving agitation and anxiety, what is a rationale for using benzodiazepines in the treatment of a critically ill client?

decreased cardiac workload

When providing health education for a client, the nurse should cite what significant risk associated with the adverse effects of benzodiazepines?

dependence

A nurse has noted that a newly admitted client has been taking ramelteon for the past several weeks. The nurse is justified in suspecting that this client was experiencing what problem prior to starting this drug?

difficulty falling asleep at night

An older adult client is diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. The use of benzodiazepines in this client population creates a specific need for which intervention?

falls risk assessment

A client who is experiencing acute alcohol withdrawal is being treated with intravenous lorazepam (Ativan). This drug achieves a therapeutic effect by:

increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA

A nurse is caring for a patient whose physician has ordered a benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic. The nurse knows that most of these drugs are used with caution in patients with which disorders?

liver diseases

A male client tells the nurse that he has been taking an herbal supplement to aid with insomnia. What herbal supplement is the client taking?

melatonin

A nurse has been taught to observe for adverse reactions whenever administering a medication. One non-nervous system reaction after giving a sedative is:

nausea

A nurse knows that when elderly clients take a sedative or hypnotic, they are at increased risk for oversedation. When they become very confused and demonstrate marked excitement, this is known as which type of reaction?

nausea

One week ago, a 74-year-old was started on a benzodiazapine for the treatment of an anxiety disorder. The client comes into the clinic for a follow-up visit and states feeling nervous, is having trouble sleeping, and feels hyperactive. What does the nurse understand may be occurring as a result of this medication?

paradoxical excitement

The client has been taking a sleep medication for the last 6 months. The client informs the primary care provider that she sleeps great now and wants to discontinue the drug. The provider informs the client that this is not a good idea. What is the best rationale for the providers advice?

paradoxical reaction

A client appears very drowsy at bedtime and is difficult to arouse. The client is receiving halcion 0.25 mg PO at bedtime. Based on these findings, what would be the best nursing diagnosis for this client?

risk for injury

Which of the client's current signs and symptoms should cause the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing lorazepam withdrawal?

severe insomnia for the past several nights

In order to minimize the chances of withdrawal symptoms, the nurse knows that the client prescribed a benzodiazepine taken daily will likely be advised to take which precaution?

tapering the dose of drug over a prolonged period of time

What information should the nurse provide to a client prescribed eszopiclone?

the importance of taking the drug immediately before going to bed

An increased dosage of a prescribed benzodiazepine may be necessary if the client's current regimen includes what medication?

theophylline

The nurse is assessing a breastfed infant at a well-child visit and determines the child is lethargic and losing weight. Which assessment question should the nurse prioritize? Select all that apply.

"Are you currently taking any medications?"

A hospitalized client asks the nurse why the health care provider prescribed an anxiolytic medication. What is the nurse's best response?

"This type of medication is typically prescribed to treat excess anxiety that interferes with daily activities."

If diazepam is administered intravenously, when will its onset of action be observed?

1 to 5 minutes

A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed flurazepam. Which is an effect of flurazepam?

Induces sleep

A client receives an intravenous dose of diazepam at 18:00 hours. The nurse would expect this drug to exert its peak effects as which time? a) 19:30 hours b) 18:30 hours c) 20:00 hours d) 19:00 hours

b) 18:30 hours Intravenous diazepam peaks in approximately 30 minutes, so the maximum effect of the drug would be seen around 18:30 hours.

A client is receiving a barbiturate intravenously. The nurse would monitor the client for:

bradycardia

What aspect of a client's health is most likely to cause insomnia?

chronic pain

A 45-year-old male client tells the nurse that he has not slept well for the past 2 weeks. Which drug might the physician prescribe for this client?

eszopiclone

A 28-year-old patient is to receive a dose of lorazepam intravenously for sedation during a procedure. The nursing priority would be to assess for:

respiratory disturbances and partial airway obstruction

A client is prescribed an anxiolytic agent. What would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching?

"Be sure not to stop the drug abruptly."

A client's medication regimen for treatment of anxiety has been changed from a benzodiazepine to buspirone (BuSpar). The client asks the nurse what makes this medication safer than the benzodiazepine the client has taken. What is the nurse's best response?

"It will not produce sedation like benzodiazepines."

A 70-year-old male client asks why he is receiving a lower dose of zaleplon than his son. As part of the nurse's teaching plan, which explanation will the nurse give this client?

"Older adults metabolize the drug more slowly, and half-lives are longer than in younger adults."

A client received a parenteral benzodiazepine at 11 AM. The nurse would expect to allow the client out of bed at which time?

2pm