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A nurse researcher is reviewing the Privacy Rule under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and finds information about handling protected health information (PHI). The nurse researcher would most likely find rules for which aspect of PHI? Select all that apply.

• Access • Usage • Sharing

A nurse researcher ensures that a research subject's privacy is protected by which method? Select all that apply.

• Anonymity • Confidentiality

Nurses understand the importance of adopting healthy behaviors so that they can better care for clients. What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

• Maintaining an ideal body weight • Sleeping 7-8 hours each night • Eating regular healthy meals

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply.

• Novice nurses • Student nurses

Nurses understand the importance of health promotion and illness prevention. They also know that it is just as important for them to care for their own health needs. Which of the following are reasons that nurses need to care for their health needs? Select all that apply.

• So that they are able to give effective nursing care to others • To enable them to practice more efficiently • To help them serve as role models for clients • To help clients acquire new behaviors by modeling those same behaviors

A nurse is writing an article for a nursing journal describing a study of the emergency protocols in a hospital emergency department. Which statements accurately describe elements of this process? (Select all that apply.)

• The results are often presented in words, charts, tables, or graphs. • The introduction reviews the literature and states the purpose of the article. • The method section provides details of how the study was conducted.

A nurse has received a doctoral degree from a research oriented educational program. Which activities would this nurse be able to perform? Select all that apply

• uses analytic and empirical methods to modify existing scientific knowledge so that the knowledge is relevant to nursing • develops methods for scientific inquiry of phenomena related to nursing

The nursing instructor identifies the need for further instruction in regards to health and illness when a student makes which statement?

"Self-concept does not influences a person's health."

A nursing student is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The student is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article (and the findings of the research) is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nursing student reading?

Abstract

A nursing student is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The student is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nursing student reading?

Abstract

A nursing theorist studies health care systems in communities. Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of these systems?

Boundaries separate health care systems both from each other and from the environment. Correct

An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?

Chronic illness

A nurse is formulating a clinical question in PICO format. Which of the following is represented by the letter I?

Clearly defined, focused literature review

A nurse caring for patients with diabetes knows that this is a characteristic of a chronic illness:

It requires special patient education for rehabilitation.

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?

Quantitative research

During the Reformation, what factor influenced the decline of nursing?

Women's subordination to men

The RN is working with hospital administration to transform care at their facility. Which of the following nursing competencies will be critical for the nurse to utilize?

Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams. Correct

The nurse who is working in a long-term care facility is talking with a group of healthcare workers. One of the healthcare workers asks about current trends in health care. Which of the following trends should the nurse base the response on?

More people with chronic illness

The registered nurse is teaching a community health class about illness prevention. Which of the following statements reflects understanding of this concept?

"It is important to enroll in a smoking cessation class."

A 48-year-old client was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client has a BMI of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse informs the client of risk factors for the diagnosis and the need to change diet and exercise behavior. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching?

"There is nothing that can be done anyway; chronic diseases cannot be prevented"

A nurse who will be conducting a research study asks an experienced nurse researcher, "When do I write my problem statement?" Which response by the nurse researcher would be appropriate?

"You'll do this after reviewing the literature and identifying your framework."

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

The fifth and final step in the process of implementing evidence-based practice is to evaluate and critically appraise the change in practice. Formulating a clinical question and searching and appraising the literature precede this step (study steps evidence based practice)

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. The parents have a child with a severe peanut allergy. The mother states that she does not purchase any foods with peanut or peanut oil for her family. The other children are allowed to have foods containing peanuts while they are at school and visiting with friends and family. The nurse would conclude that which of the following theories would most like be the basis for this family's functioning?

Adaptation Theory

Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. Grady suggested that a independent review is needed for ethical research. This principle is correctly defined as:

Informed consent means that "individuals should be informed about the research and provide their voluntary consent."

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

It focuses on what people believe to be true about their health.

A nurse manager is attempting to switch the medical records in an orthopedic office to a computerized format. The nurse asks questions about the accuracy and efficiency of the current record keeping system by using the PICO format. Which statements illustrate the components of this process? Select all that apply.

• P: The nurse chooses the population involved (orthopedic clients). • I: The nurse considers interventions to make the plan work. • C: The nurse compares the written records to the computerized records.

Nursing theories are important as they are all directed toward improved client care. Which of the following are goals of nursing theory? (Select all that apply.)

• Provides a rationale for appropriate nursing actions in a given situation • Identifies and defines concepts that are important to nursing • Increases the nursing body of knowledge • Provides knowledge and a rationale for client interventions

During an in-class review of nursing research a student asks the instructor why evidence-based practice is considered the best way to practice nursing. The correct response from the instructor includes that the actions by the nurse are based upon which of the following? (Select all that apply.

• Published research • National standards • National guidelines • Targeted literature

A nurse manager is discussing the scientific process with a group of nurses who will be conducting research about a clinical problem. The nurse manager likens the scientific process to the nursing process, explaining that which characteristic is common to both? Select all that apply.

• analysis • plan implementation • problem identification • decision making about how to answer the problem • development of a plan Correct

In nursing class the instructor asks the students about the nursing research process. The student identifies the first nurse to collect data on clients as which of the following?

Florence Nightingale

Who is considered to be the first nursing researcher?

Florence Nightingale

When Caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which of the following concepts?

Focus on what is possible

One of the primary focuses of nursing research is to:

Generate knowledge to guide practice

The nurse is aware that basic client needs must be met before a client can focus on higher ones. According to Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, which example would be the highest priority for a client after physiologic needs have been met?

Grab bars are installed in a client bathroom to facilitate safe showering.

What is a dynamic state in which a person constantly adapts to changes in the internal and external environment?

Health

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by his personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

The nursing instructor is teaching the students about health and wellness and identifies which of the following as the best definition for health?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

A nurse observes that the past five patients referred from a certain community clinic have been treated for drug and/or alcohol overdose. Based on this information, the nurse assumes that the clinic specializes in the treatment of substance abuse. This is an example of what type of reasoning?

Inductive reasoning

A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"?

P

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

Qualitative research

The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. What level(s) of health promotion is this an example of?

primary

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and chooses a mixed method of research. The nurse chooses this method based on the understanding that the results will:

provide a more complex level of understanding.

Which of the following is the best example of a nurse demonstrating the role of caregiver?

starting an intravenous line in the client's arm

What is the primary purpose of standards of nursing practice?

to ensure knowledgeable, safe, comprehensive nursing care Correct

The nurse is describing the role of the nurse entrepreneur. Which of the following statements best describe this role?

A nurse who manages a health-related business

A nursing student is describing building nursing theory during a fundamentals nursing class. The student implies that a theory can be built by looking at a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

Deductive reasoning

A mother has brought her 6-year-old child into the clinic. The mother is concerned that her child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in her class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse might choose which theory as a foundation for decision making?

Developmental theory

The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes the maturation of humans through stages. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?

Developmental theory

The nursing student who has diarrhea before every test and every clinical understands that this is not a healthy behavior. The student is aware that this negative effect can impact overall health. The nurse recognizes that this student needs to focus on which of the following dimensions of health?

Emotional dimension

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

Environmental Risk Factors

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson

A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?

Experimental research

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Family Counseling

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

If a nurse describes a study of people and the nursing profession including studies of education, policy development, ethics, and nursing history, then what is the nurse defining?

Nursing research

The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?

Nursing theory

Research has shown that the incidence of chronic conditions is increasing. What lifestyle factor has been shown to contribute to this increase?

Smoking

Nurses promote the needs of clients as an integral part of each person's human dimension. Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

A nurse is formulating a clinical question in PICO format. Which of the following is represented by the letter I?

Specific identification of the desired outcome

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. In order to complete a systematic review of the literature the nurse must do which of the following?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A nurse is caring for a patient who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The patient is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a patient with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experience Correct

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent Host Environment Model

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. She says, "Some knowledge is passed from one generation to another." One of the students correctly describes this source as being what?

Traditional knowledge

When describing how to formulate a hypothesis, which item would a nurse researcher identify as the focus of the study?

Variables

Marion is a nurse in a nursing home. She strongly believes that the care she provides be evidence based and tailored to her population. She is constantly looking for ways in which to improve client outcomes. Recently, she has noticed that more and more of the residents she works with have a diagnosis of depression. Marion wants to decrease depression rates. Place the following actions in the order that they should occur following the scientific process of nursing practice. a. Marion assesses the problem of an increased number of residents with depression. b. Marion makes a nursing diagnosis. c. Marion starts a group therapy session once a week for residents to talk about shared experiences. d. Marion uses anonymous surveys of residents to evaluate depression levels

a, b, c, d The first step is the nurse assesses the problem; the second step is to determine the appropriate nursing diagnosis; the third step involves the nurse planning an intervention. In this case, Marion starts a group therapy session for the residents so they can discuss their experiences with depression. Finally, the nurse evaluates the outcome. (less)

What is the definition of wellness?

an active state of being healthy

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

assisting with speech therapy for a client with a traumatic brain injury

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICO format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

chromium supplements

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help to maintain independence

In today's healthcare environment nurses use theories to guide all stages of the nursing process. Which of the following are examples of ways that a nurse can utilize theories to guide client care? (Select all that apply.)

• Organize client information. • Analyze client situations. • Collect client data. • Classify client data.

The nursing instructor is teaching the students about acute and chronic illnesses and informs them that health promotion and illness prevention is vital because ___________.

chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

A client with Crohn's disease in remission is admitted to the nursing unit for follow-up care. The remission state is characterized by:

disappearance of signs and symptoms associated with the disease

A male client 79 years of age who is postoperative Day 3 following hip replacement surgery has been approached by a nurse researcher and asked to participate in a research study. This study will test a new rehabilitation strategy. What aspect of the nursing research process addresses the client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of this study?

going through the informed consent process with the client

There are four common concepts in nursing theory. While all concepts are important, the focus of nursing is always on which of the following?

person