Research 1

example of explanatory research

"Marketing strategies and Sales Performance of garment Industries in the Province of Antique"

Example of descriptive research

"Tardiness and absenteeism among high school students"

Theory or hypothesis of the researcher to account for explains the forces that are

"assumed to have caused" the problem

Example of Pure/Basic Research

Attitudes Towards Health and Smoking Habits of Health Service Providers

General types of research

Descriptive, association/correlation, experimental/intervention research

Uses or research as a scientific Process

Determine/describe an existing situation (situation analysis) Describe a population (people, objects, institutions, etc. ) Compare two conditions or groups of population Determine existence, degree, or nature of relationship between two or more factors. Evaluate and/or compare effectiveness of an intervention, treatment or exposure and predict the value of a certain characteristics

Example of Exploratory Reserach

Menopause: Working Women's Perceptions, Experiences and Coping Strategies

Others Dichotomies of Research

Pure or applied, exploratory or explanatory, and quantitative or qualitative

Example of Applied Research

Remedial teaching: Its effect on the performance of Slow learners

The role of research in Development

Research is needed in describing and analyzing existing social or economic problems or conditions. Research data are important input or planning and in designing a program/project/activity intended to address an existing problem. Data on the background and needs of target clients of a proposed program/project are needed in the preparation of the intervention Program managers or project implementers should continue collecting, analyzing, and using relevant data to determine if, or to make sure that a project/program is being implemented as planned. Project implementation should be closely monitored to check the progress and quality of implementation. Monitoring requires accurate information about the status of project implementation, including the rate of completion, financial standing, and quality of performance (inputs and outputs). Upon completion of a project, its performance or impacts needs to be evaluated. For instance, the effectiveness of a new teaching strategy may be evaluated in terms of its effectiveness in improving student's performance. Training can be intervention can be evaluated in terms of the skills learned and applied by the training participants.

Example of Quantitative Research Topic

The Socioeconomics Profile of Households in Upland Communities in the Province of Antique

Example of Intervention or experimental research

The effect of Different levels of Applied Nitrogen on the growth and Yield of Rice

The Role of Research in Improving our Quality of life

Through research, new knowledge or technology is discovered. New knowledge can result in the development or improvement of skills, behaviour, or practices, while newly discovered technology can lead to the development of new tools or devices. Improved skills, behavior, or practice can lead to better conditions and a better quality of life. Moreover, new or improved tools or strategies can result in improved performance and/or better service delivery, which contribute to the improvement of man's living conditions and quality of life.

Intervention or Experimental Research

Type of research evaluates the effect or outcome of a particular intervention or treatment. It studies the cause and effect relationship between certain factors on a certain phenomenon under controlled conditions. The subjects of the study are randomly assigned to the experimental group and to the control group and both groups are exposed to similar condition except for the intervention/treatment.

Example of Qualitative Research Topic

Underground Economy: A survival Strategy of Public School Employees

Exploratory Research

are designed to describe an existing problem situation and examine the underlying factors that contribute to the emergence of the problem, the nature of which is not yet well known.

Development projects/programs

are designed to improve the welfare of man. There are development projects in education, health, housing, employment, business, agriculture, etc. The development process involves planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. In each stage of development, research plays an important role (Mercado, 1994)

example of explanatory research pairs of variables can be studies

gender-grades

Research function

helps us answer questions, solve problems and make decisions. It enables us to see and understand ow and why a situation or a problem exists. It helps us discover new things and ideas. It allows us to validate existing theories or generate new ones. It helps us to identify and understand the causes and effects of a situation or a phenomena.

primary goal or Explanatory Research

is to understand or explain a prevailing situation or explain a relationship between factors which ,ay have

Explanatory or Correlation Research

it goes beyond the description of the problem or situation. It attempts to explain the possible factors related to a problem that has been observed in a descriptive study. This type of study answers the question of why and how? The factors related to the problem, however, need not be viewed as real "causes" of the problem, but factors that are associated with or may contribute to the occurrence of the problem.

The goal and intention of pure research

offer better descriptions and better explanations of human behavior. The intention is to accumulate knowledge about certain phenomena.

Techniques researcher use to gather information

participant observation, key informant interview, focus group discussion, direct observation, and in-depth analysis of a single case.

Explanatory Research

seeks to identify causes and effects of social phenomena and to predict how one phenomenon will change or vary in response to variation in some other phenomenon

the explanatory type of study is also called correlation research because

the research in which investigates relationships between factors of variables. Certain factors are "assumed" to explain or contribute to the existence of a problem or certain condition or the variation in a given situation.

Pure Basic Research

this type of research attempts to describe an existing situation and/or explain certain patterns of behavior using either or both qualitative and quantitative research techniques.

applied research

this type of research focuses on variables or factors which can be changed by intervention in order to achieve a desired goal.

Qualitative Research

this types of research emphasizes verbal descriptions and explanations of human behavior and practices in an attempt to understand how the units or members of the study population experience or explain their own world.

descriptive research

type of study finds answer to the question who, what, when, where and how. This type of research describes a situation or a given state of affairs in terms of specified aspects or factors. What may be described are characteristics of individuals or groups or physical environments, or conditions.

Quantitative Research

types of research seeks to quantify or reflect in numbers the observations on the characteristics of the population being studied. It measures the respondents or objects processing particular characteristics. It emphasizes precise measurement and oftentimes requires statistical analysis of data or the testing of hypotheses based on a sample of observations.