Unit 3 - Eating Disorders

What meds might be prescribed to a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa to promote weight gain?

1. Amitriptyline. 2. Cyproheptadine (Videbeck 398)

What are some family risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa?

1. Chaotic family with loose boundaries. 2. Parental maltreatment including possible physical or sexual abuse.

What are some sociocultural risk factors associated with anorexia nervosa?

1. Cultural ideal of being thin. 2. Media focus on beauty.

What are some sociocultural risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa?

1. Cultural ideal of being thin. 2. Media focus on beauty. 3. Teasing.

What meds might be prescribed to a client diagnosed with bulimia?

1. Desipramine. 2. Imipramine. 3. Amitriptyline. 4. Nortriptyline. 5. Phenelzine. 6. Fluoxetine. (Vidbeck 399)

What are some family risk factors associated with anorexia nervosa?

1. Family lacks emotional support. 2. Parental maltreatment. 3. Can't deal with conflict. (Videbeck 394)

What are some biologic risk factors associated with anorexia nervosa?

1. Obesity. 2. Dieting at an early age. (Videbeck 394)

What are some biological risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa?

1. Obesity. 2. Early dieting. 3. Possible serotonin and norepinephrine disturbances. 4. Chromosome 1 susceptibility.

What are some developmental risk factors associated with anorexia nervosa?

1. Struggle with autonomy. 2. Struggle with developing a unique identity. (Videbeck 394)

When does anorexia nervosa typically begin?

14-18 yo. (Videbeck 397)

Night eating syndrome

Characterized by morning anorexia, evening hyperphagia (consuming 50% of daily calories after the last evening meal), and nighttime awakenings (at least once a night) to consume snacks.

Binge eating disorder

Characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating; no regular use of inappropriate compensatory behaviors

What treatment has been found to be most effective for bulimia?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy. (Videbeck 399)

What are the two most comorbid pyschiatric disorders associated with eating disorders?

Depression and OCD. (Videbeck 393)

What assessment tool can be used for clients with eating disorders?

Eating Attitudes Test (Videbeck 408)

What med might be prescribed to a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa to prevent relapse in clients who have been partially or completely restored?

Fluoxetine (Prozac) (Videbeck 398)

When is the typical onset for bulimia?

Late adolescence or early adulthood; 18-19 yo. (Vidbeck 399)

Of clients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, use of what drug puts them at greater risk for medical complication?

Laxatives. (Videbeck 397)

What med might be prescribed to a client diagnosed with anorexia nervosa for its antipsychotic effect (on bizarre body image distortions) and associated weight gain?

Olanzapine. (Videbeck 398)

Rumination

Repeated regurgitation of food that is then rechewed, reswallowed, or spit out.

What are some developmental risk factors associated with bulimia nervosa?

Self-perceptions of being overweight and unattractive.

When is treatment of a client with anorexia/bulimia considered successful?

When client maintains a body weight within 5%-10% of normal, with no medical complications from starvation or purging. (Videbeck 408)

bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes (at least twice a week for 3 months) of binge eating followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain such as purging (self-induced vomiting or use of laxatives, diuretics, enemas, or emetics), fasting, or excessively exercising

anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by the client's refusal or inability to maintain a minimally normal body weight, intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, significantly disturbed perception of the shape or size of the body, and steadfast inability or refusal to acknowledge the existence or seriousness of a problem

binge eating

consuming a large amount of food (far greater than most people eat at one time) in a discrete period of usually 2 hours or less

alexithymia

difficulty identifying and expressing feelings

enmeshment

lack of clear role boundaries between persons

pica

persistent ingestion of nonnutritive substances such as paint, hair, cloth, leaves, sand, clay, or soil