Unit 5 - History (Yellow Journalism, Spanish American War, WW1)
First battle was in the
Philippines - part of the Spanish Empire
The spanish had surrendered the
Philippines 2 months later
Who was president during the time of the rising conflicts with the Spanish?
President Mckinley
Rebels were fighting for freedom from
Spanish rule
Big Stick Diplomacy - West African Proverb:
Speak softly and carry a big stick
THE HOMEFRONT
THE HOMEFRONT
THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS
THE SIDES
THE SIDES
THE SPARK THAT STARTS THE WAR
THE SPARK THAT STARTS THE WAR
26th President
Teddy Roosevelt
What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
Telegram sent by Germany to Mexico encouraging Mexico to get involved in the war
On April 20, 1898, Congress declared Cuba independent republic in the
Teller Amendment and demanded Spain leave the island within 3 days
READ: Germany agreed to help Austria-Hungary, Russia agreed to help Serbia, France was an ally of Russia, so Germany declared war on France and Russia
READ: Germany agreed to help Austria-Hungary, Russia agreed to help Serbia, France was an ally of Russia, so Germany declared war on France and Russia
READ: The Hawaiian people first came into contact with Europeans in 1778
READ: The Hawaiian people first came into contact with Europeans in 1778
Between 1870-1914 Europeans took control of much of Africa and Southeast Asia for
Raw materials for industrialization and for new markets for their products
Mckinley
Republican President during Spanish American War; assassinated in 1901 just after taking office for second term
Teddy Roosevelt
Republican president who served during the Spanish-American War. Known for creating national parks and the Panama Canal
Even with the critics thinking he exercised too much imperial power Roosevelt had added the
Roosevelt corllary to the Monroe Doctrine
Teddy Roosevelt organized a group of soldiers called
Rough Riders
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR AND WW1 PRESIDENTS
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR AND WW1 PRESIDENTS
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR BACKGROUND
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR BACKGROUND
Spheres of Influence
Sections of the country were each of the foreign (European) nations enjoyed special rights and powers. Carved up China into foreign control.
Philippines
Independence on July 4, 1946
Rulers of Austria-Hungary blamed the
Serbian government and wanted to retaliate
Korea returns to
Japan
in 1890s, China and Japan fought over
Korea
One of the componet of Wilson's 14 points is the
League of Nations
What was created?
League of Nations
On March 28, 1915, a German U-boat sank a British ship called the
Lusitania and 128 Americans died.
Background Causes of World War 1
MAIN -Militarism -Alliances -Imperialism -Nationalism
Guam
Major military base today
25th President
Mckinley
Trench Warfare
Military operations in which the opposing forces attack and counterattack form systems of fortified ditches rather than an open battlefield
Wilson took a moral approach to foreign policy called
Moral Diplomacy
For three years the U.S remained
Neutral
President Mckinley was
Opposed to involvement
what did the planters do?
Overthrew Queen Liliuokalani and set up their own government
Increased fear of
socialism
Factories and farms produced
supplies for the war
This would all relate to
the Spanish surrender on August 12, 1898
What happened on January 1898?
the U.S. sent the battleship Maine to Havana, Cuba to protect Americans after riots broke out in Havana.
When Germany invaded Belgium, Germany violated a
treaty belgium had with England so England declared war on Germany
China was not
very strong militarily and loses
Why did many Americans sympathize with Cuba's struggle?
They thought it was similar to the American Revolution
Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph
They were people who wrote newspapers who were competing for readers
U.S. blockaded the Cuban Harbor allowing
U.S troops to come ashore and help the Cuban rebels
WORLD WAR 1
WORLD WAR 1
Self-Determination Policy
Wilcons concept that other nations should have the freedom to determine their own government without outside influence
Who was president after Roosevelt?
William Howard Taft
American becomes more of a
World Power
YELLOW JOURNALISM
YELLOW JOURNALISM
The American press widely reported on the conflict between American and Spain with
Yellow Journalism and often sided with the Cuban rebels
President William Mckinley had
annexed Hawaii as a U.S. territory in 1898 due to sugar trade and economic factors, and as a navy base
If you did not wear a mask you were
blinded by tear gas
National boundaries were redrawn
creating new nations
The U.S soldiers were able to
defeat Spanish forces on the ground, and the blockade destroyed every Spanish ship
China loses and is
divided into different territories
U.S does not
enter the League of Nations and does not ratify the Treaty of Versailles
Critics thought that Roosevelt
exercised too much imperial power
Cuba was a colony of Spain and was struggling to
gain its independence from Spain
There was a strong sentiment not to
get involved in a European war
In his 1796 farewell address, George Washington advised the U.S. not to
get involved in foreign alliances
Wilson's 14 points is intended to
help keep peace internatinally
American newspapers made Teddy Roosevelt a
hero
Imperialism
The practice of extending a nation's power by gaining territories and having economic and political control over weaker countries
where did the U.S. excersise this power?
in particular they would exercise this power in Latin American countries
US left out due to
involvement in the Spanish-American War and attempted to create trade with China
Yellow Journalism
it is the use of sensational and exaggerated stories to attract readers
On June 28, 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria Hungary was
killed while visiting Sarajevo by a Serbian terrorist
The cause of the explosion was unclear but
many Americans blamed the Spanish
More women took jobs typically done by
men
Leaders from the U.S., France, Britain, and italy
met and discussed the Treaty of Versailles of 1919
Gave U.S. the right to enforce the amendment with the full use of the
navy and army
Germany accepts
responsiblity for the war and will pay reparations to the Allies
What sparked the War?
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Isolationism
Avoiding involvement in the foreign affair of other nations
CHINA
CHINA
Triple Alliance
Central Powers -Germany -Austria Hungary -Italy
They fought a major land battle in
Cuba during the war
America stayed in
Cuba for a while
They wouldn't retaliate until they had the support of their ally
Germany
On November 11, 1918
Germany signed an armistice agreement
The treaty forced punitive terms on
Germany that destabilized Europe and laid groundwork for WW2
HAWAII
HAWAII
Woodrow Wilson is reelected in 1916 on the campaign slogan
He kept us out of the war
What did President Grover Cleveland do?
He returned power to Queen Liliuokalani and supported her reign
IMPERIALISM
IMPERIALISM
DECLARATION OF WAR
DECLARATION OF WAR
RESULTS OF THE WAR
DECLARATION OF WAR
DIPLOMACIES
DIPLOMACIES
ENDING WORLD WAR 1
ENDING WORLD WAR 1
When Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia a system of Alliances drags all of
Europe into the war
Nationalism
Felt a moral duty to spread democracy to people considered inferior
U.S. Imperialism
-Alaska -Hawaii -Panama Canal -Mexico and Central America -Asia
Central Powers
-Austria-Hungary -Germany -Ottoman Empire (current Turkey -Bulgaria -Herzegovina/Bosnia -Romania
Moral Diplomacy
-Based on spreading Democratic ideals rather than using force or concentrating on economics only -The U.S. should aid the development of constitutional liberty in the world
Big Stick Diplomacy
-Be nice to other nations, offer them help and support, be friendly. -If something goes wrong, have the ability to put countries in their place -Use force if necessary
Why did the U.S. get involed?
-Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917 -Violates freedom of the seas -Sinking of the Lusitania from 1915 -America is tied to Great Britain ($$) -Zimmerman Telegram
What did the U.S. now control?
-Philippines -Puerto Rico -Guam
New Weapons in World War 1
-Poison Gas -Tanks -Snipers -Machine Guns
Dollar Diplomacy
-President Taft's policy of linking american business interests to diplomatic interests abroad -Try to protect American trade in Latin America and China -Promised the U.S. would step in if unrest threatened investment - we did this with the Panama Canal and Nicaragua and revolts in the country
Allied Forces
-Russia -France -Great Britain -Belgium -Serbia -United States -Italy -Colonial Regions: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Algeria, India -Japan
Characteristics of yellow journalism
-Scare headlines in large print -Use of altered pictures or drawings -Misleading headlines about experts and science -Dramatic sympathy for the underdog
What did the Monroe Doctrine State?
-The United States would not interfere in European affairs -Europe is not allowed any future colonization in the Western Hemisphere -The United States would regard as a thread to her own safety any attempt by European powers to come to America
Woodrow Wilson
-WW1 President -Democratic President for 2 terms and through World War 1
Militarism
-Wanted bases for naval forces to protect new trade networks -Whoever rules the waves, rules the world
Economic gain
-Wanted raw materials for industry -Wanted to sell products and invest in overseas markets -Expand the industrial growth from the Gilded Age
in 1915 Germany established a
-War zone around England -Any ships entering were subject to attack by German U-Boats
Pulitzer began the practice of ______ ______ but Hearst become better at ______ ______ to sell papers
-Yellow journalism -Exaggerating stories
When did the United States Join the war?
1917
Hawaii becomes a state in
1959
America remained neutral for
3 years but may sided with joining the war
AMERICA STAYS NEUTRAL
AMERICA STAYS NEUTRAL
AMERICAN NEUTRALITY
AMERICAN NEUTRALITY
ASIA PACIFIC
ASIA PACIFIC
This marked the beginning of the
American Tabloids
No Man's Land
An unoccupied region between opposing armies
Spain delcared war on
April 24, 1898 and U.S. followed too
What did the Roosevelt Corollary say?
The U.S. has the right to act as policemen in wrong doings in other countries
What happened on February 15, 1898?
The U.S.S Maine exploded and sank. 260 men died
Triple Entente
Allied Powers -Russia -France -Britain
Policing the Western Hemisphere: Roosevelt felt that the U.S should
protect weaker nations in Western Hemisphere per the Monroe Doctrine
Draft was imposed to
recruit soldiers