VW research
Similarly Ford, which sold 213,938 vehicles in October, had a 12% increase in sales of its SUVs compared with 2014
Ford boosting sales because of VW http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34715268
During the war years, the German army's need for a lightweight utility vehicle took precedence over the production of affordable passenger cars. The result was the Type 62 Kubelwagen, a convertible vehicle with a modified Beetle chassis, four doors and 18-inch wheels (compared with the Beetle's 16-inch ones) to give it better ground clearance. Though production at the KdF-stat factory was dedicated primarily to the Kubelwa
VW Beetle http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/volkswagen-is-founded
The goodwill package also includes use of a free 24-hour roadside assistance program for three years. A Volkswagen spokeswoman said the company couldn't yet quantify the value of the program.
VW gives them the 500$ gift card to its customers http://www.wsj.com/articles/volkswagen-to-offer-1-000-package-to-u-s-customers-hit-by-emissions-scandal-1447088254
In 1960, the German government sold 60 percent of Volkswagen's stock to the public, effectively denationalizing it. Twelve years later, the Beetle surpassed the longstanding worldwide production record of 15 million vehicles, set by Ford Motor Company's legendary Model T between 1908 and 1927.
VW history http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/volkswagen-is-founded
FRANKFURT— Volkswagen AG said Monday it would offer a $1,000 goodwill package to U.S. customers whose diesel vehicles are affected by the emissions scandal as a "first step" in the German car maker's effort to rebuild trust among consumers.
VW tries to give its customers 1000$ http://www.wsj.com/articles/volkswagen-to-offer-1-000-package-to-u-s-customers-hit-by-emissions-scandal-1447088254
The mission of EPA is to protect human health and the environment.
What is EPA?
The automaker hasn't said what it plans to do, but automotive experts believe any repair will diminish the driving dynamics of the vehicles and slash fuel economy — the two major characteristics that attracted buyers.
What will that do to the cars? http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-volkswagen-qa-html-20151007-htmlstory.html
1937 Volkswagen is founded
history of VW http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/volkswagen-is-founded
It currently owns 12 subsidiaries including Volkswagen Passenger Cars, Audi, Seat and Skoda, luxury brands such as Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Porsche and Ducati - as well as Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Scania and Man.
how big is Volkswagen http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34358783
Purchases of GM cars have been up for 24 months in a row. Sport utility vehicles and trucks were a major driver of this trend. October's increases have mostly been attributed to sales of Chevrolets, which were up 18% from last year.
how did the cheating of VW affect GM http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34715268
Cars and trucks produce air pollution throughout their life, including pollution emitted during vehicle operation, refueling, manufacturing, and disposal.
how do petrol vehicles affect the environment http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
German carmaker Volkswagen increased sales in the US in October as the emissions scandal entangling the company mounts.
how is VW still a respected car company? http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34715268
That said, the EPA estimates approximately 482,000 cars in the U.S. were affected. Here are the VW diesel models affected: Jetta (2009-2015) Jetta Sportwagen (2009-2014) Beetle (2012-2015) Beetle Convertible (2012-2015) Audi A3 (2010-2015) Golf (2010-2015) Golf Sportwagen (2015) Passat (2012-2015)
how many cars and the models affected by the "Defeating device http://www.thestreet.com/story/13300610/6/everything-you-need-to-know-about-volkswagen-s-emissions-scandal.html
Cheating on emissions rules has actually affected 11 million cars around the world. There's no way to know how many countries' regulators will become involved in the scandal and how much money will ultimately be on the line, not only from fines, but from lawsuits.
how many cars effected http://www.marketwatch.com/story/think-vws-stock-can-make-you-rich-on-a-rebound-think-again-2015-09-23
With VW recalling millions of cars worldwide from early next year, it has set aside €6.7bn (£4.8bn) to cover costs. That resulted in the company posting its first quarterly loss for 15 years of €2.5bn in late October. But that's unlikely to be the end of the financial impact. The EPA has the power to fine a company up to $37,500 for each vehicle that breaches standards - a maximum fine of about $18bn.
how much money will it cost to recall those cars http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772
How Did the System Work? The software sensed when the car was being tested and then activated equipment that reduced emissions, United States officials said. But the software turned the equipment off during regular driving, increasing emissions far above legal limits, possibly to save fuel or to improve the car's torque and acceleration.
how the Defeating system works http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/business/international/vw-diesel-emissions-scandal-explained.html?_r=0
Carbon monoxide (CO). This odorless, colorless, and poisonous gas is formed by the combustion of fossil fuels such as gasoline and is emitted primarily from cars and trucks. When inhaled, CO blocks oxygen from the brain, heart, and other vital organs. Fetuses, newborn children, and people with chronic illnesses are especially susceptible to the effects of CO.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Greenhouse gases. Motor vehicles also emit pollutants, such as carbon dioxide, that contribute to global climate change. In fact, cars and trucks account for over one-fifth of the United States' total global warming pollution; transportation, which includes freight, trains, and airplanes, accounts for around thirty percent of all heat-trapping gas emissions.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Hazardous air pollutants (toxics). These chemical compounds have been linked to birth defects, cancer, and other serious illnesses. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the air toxics emitted from cars and trucks — which include Benzene, acetaldehyde, and 1,3-butadiene — account for half of all cancers caused by air pollution.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Hydrocarbons (HC): These pollutants react with nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight to form ground level ozone, a primary ingredient in smog. Though beneficial in the upper atmosphere, at the ground level this gas irritates the respiratory system, causing coughing, choking, and reduced lung capacity.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
In 2013, transportation contributed more than half of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, and almost a quarter of the hydrocarbons emitted into our air.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Nitrogen oxides (NOx): These pollutants cause lung irritation and weaken the body's defenses against respiratory infections such as pneumonia and influenza. In addition, they assist in the formation of ground level ozone and particulate matter.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Particulate matter (PM): These particles of soot and metals give smog its murky color. Fine particles — less than one-tenth the diameter of a human hair — pose the most serious threat to human health, as they can penetrate deep into lungs. PM is a direct (primary) pollution and a secondary pollution from hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and sulfer dioxides. Diesel exhaust is a major contributor to PM pollution.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Sulfur dioxide (SO2). Power plants and motor vehicles create this pollutant by burning sulfur-containing fuels, especially diesel. Sulfur dioxide can react in the atmosphere to form fine particles and poses the largest health risk to young children and asthmatics.
http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
Volkswagen lost roughly one-third of its market capitalization following the news of the scandal, which could open doors for other suitors to acquire the company, according to The Deal, a sister publication to TheStreet. Its market cap to date is around $62 billion.
stock price http://www.thestreet.com/story/13300610/3/everything-you-need-to-know-about-volkswagen-s-emissions-scandal.html
The EPA's findings cover 482,000 cars in the US only, including the VW-manufactured Audi A3, and the VW models Jetta, Beetle, Golf and Passat. But VW has admitted that about 11 million cars worldwide, including eight million in Europe, are fitted with the so-called "defeat device".
the amount of cars with the defeating device. http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772
The German car maker said in a new statement on Tuesday that during the course of internal investigations "irregularities" were found when determining "type approval carbon dioxide levels" including diesel and gasoline-powered vehicles. The issues could affect up to 800,000 additional cars and Volkswagen estimates that it will cost another €2 billion ($2.18 billion) to fix.
the cost to fix their problem http://www.thestreet.com/story/13300610/1/everything-you-need-to-know-about-volkswagen-s-emissions-scandal.html
The following are the major pollutants from motor vehicles:
the effects on the bottom: http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/why-clean-cars/air-pollution-and-health/cars-trucks-air-pollution.html#.VkNZt4RRdFI
It's been dubbed the "diesel dupe". In September, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found that many VW cars being sold in America had a "defeat device" - or software - in diesel engines that could detect when they were being tested, changing the performance accordingly to improve results.
what VW did with their cars. http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772
That could take some time. The EPA is working with Volkswagen to evaluate potential remedies for the diesel vehicles' emission systems. The 2015 models will be the first fixed, followed by the 2012-15 Passats. Because the range of cars affected includes three generations of diesel engines, the remedies for the other vehicles could take much longer to develop.
what Will the EPA do?
The result? The engines emitted nitrogen oxide pollutants up to 40 times above what is allowed in the US.
what did the defeating device hide from the EPA http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34324772
Once approved, the company will issue a national recall and notify owners about when and where they can get the fix, likely to be new software for the engine control module. The automaker will pay its dealers to make the change at no expense to customers.
what is EPA planning on?
"If all goes to plan, we can start the recall in January," Müller told a German newspaper in October, according to Reuters, though he did not say when recalls for U.S. cars would begin. That said, "All the cars should be fixed by the end of 2016," Müller reportedly said in the latest development as the embattled German car manufacturer reels from the scandal.
when will the cars be recalled http://www.thestreet.com/story/13300610/6/everything-you-need-to-know-about-volkswagen-s-emissions-scandal.html