4 Ventricles and Cerebrospinal Fluid
How many protrusions are in the 3rd Ventricle?
4- the pineal gland, the optic, the infundibula, and the supra...
Superior Medullary Velum
A thin sheet of white matter that stretches between the superior cerebellar peduncles to form the roof of the fourth ventricle (along with the cerebellar peduncle)
What is Dandy Walker Syndrome
An enlarged 4th Ventricle
What releases CSF into the blood stream?
Arachnoid Villi into the sinuses
How are Sub-arachnoid Cisterns made?
By the outer arachnoid layer adhering to the meningeal dura
How are Cisterns made?
By the seperation of Arachnoid and Pia Mater
What does Brown/Gray CSF mean?
CNS melanoma or bacteria
What produces CSF in the ventricles?
Choriod plexus.
What is the difference between communicating and non-communicating ventricular obstruction?
Communicating means there is good flow, the person just cant reabsorb CSF into the sinuses. Non-communicating means there is an obstacle preventing flow (like a tumor or hemmorage)
What is Interthalamic Adhesion?
Fibers connecting both sides of the thalamus
Septum Pellucidum
Forms the medial wall of the body and anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
Inferior Medullary Velum
Helps create the roof of the fourth ventricle.
Where is CSF Located?
In the Ventricular System and Subarachnoid Space
Where is the 4th Ventricle
In the pons/upper part of medulla
Describe the location of the 3rd Ventricle
It is in the diencephalon at the medial surface of the thalamus
Where does the cerebellomedullary cistern receive CSF from?
The 4th ventricle via aperatures.
What forms the side walls of the 4th Ventricle?
The Cerebellar Peduncles
What forms the floor of the 4th Ventricle?
The Rhomboid Fossa
What is the floor of the fourth ventricle called?
The Rhomboid Fossa
What forms the roof of the 4th Ventricle?
The cerebellum (superior and inferior medullary vela)
What forms the roof of the lateral ventricle?
The corpus Colloseum
What forms the anterior wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle?
The genu of the corpus colloseum
What forms the floor and medial wall of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle?
The hippocampus
What forms the floor of the 3rd Ventricle?
The hypothalamus
What forms the anterior wall of the 3rd Ventricle
The lamina terminalis
What forms the floor of the body of the lateral ventricle?
The thalamus
How is CSF released?
Through aperatures to fill sub-arachnoid space.
When will CSF flow into the bloodstream?
When CSF pressure is greater then venous pressure.
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy
When there is a blocked connection between the 3rd and 4th ventricle you create an opeing in the floor of the 3rd ventricle
What does Yellow CSF mean?
a protein imbalance or bilirubin (johndas)
What is in the hole of the 3rd Ventricle?
in some people it is the Interthalamic Adhesion
Foramen of Magendie
makes the dorsal roof/ventral floor of the 4th Ventricle
Cisterns are bigger portions...
of subarachnoid space
Parts of the Lateral Ventricles
the Anterior Horn; the body; the atrium; posterior horn; inferior horn
Cerebellomedullary Cistern
the lartest sub-arachnoid cistern. It lies between the cerebellum and the medulla.
How do Ventricles form?
they form from the lumen of neural tube. They have an ependymal cell lining. Ependymal cells give rise to CSF.
How can you treat hydrocephalus?
with a shunt from brain ventricle to body part that can safely absorb CSF, or ETV
What are 3 Imaging Techniques you could use to visualize the CNS and CSF?
1. MRI- change in blood flow. 2. CT Scan- CSF appears dark. 3. Pneumoencephalograpy- visualize the ventricles.
What are the 4 functions of CSF?
1. Protection (cushion) 2. Buoyancy (decreases the net weight of the brain) 3. Waste Removal 4. Hormone Transportation (around the central nervous system)
