A&P Final : Chapter 4
A large calorie unit used to measure food energy is equal to the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a kilogram of water by...
1 degree celsius
The American Heart Association recommends that the percentage of calories in a person's diet derived from fats should not exceed...
30%
A protein deficiency may be accompanied by edema because of...
A decrease in plasma proteins and therefore a decrease in osmotic pressure
Insulin causes...
A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by...
A disorder of the immune system
The condition called diabetes insipidus is caused by...
A lack of ADH
A negative nitrogen balance is characterized by...
A net loss of amino acids
As a group, fat-soluble vitamins are...
Absorbed more readily in the presence of bile salts
Which of the following is a function of the large intestine?
Absorption of water and electrolytes
Growth hormone...
All of these; enhances the movement of amino acids into cells, inreases the rate of protein synthesis, increases the rate of fate metabolism.
The most common form of hyperthyroidism is called graves' disease and is caused by...
An autoimmune disorder
As a result of the general response to stress, the blood concentrations of epinephrine...
And cortisol rise
Which of the following is secreted by nerve fibers in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Antidiuretic hormone
What constituent of bile has a digestive function?
Bile salts
The root canal of a tooth contains...
Blood vessels and nerves
The hormone that causes calcium to be deposited in bone is...
Calcitonin
As an energy source, body cells preferentially use...
Carbohydrates
The salivary enzyme amylase functions to digest...
Carbohydrates
Gallstones are usually composed of...
Cholesterol
The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the...
Concentration of blood calcium
Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to...
Conserve sodium and potassium
Cretenism results from...
Deficiency of thyroid hormones at birth
A hiatal hernia is due to a weakness of the...
Diaphragm
Which of the following provide a source of complete proteins?
Eggs
Which of the following is the right sequence for the digestion of lipids...
Emulsification by bile, hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase, dissolved in the epithelial cell membrane, formation of chlyomicrons, diffusion into lacteal ducts.
Bile salts act like detergents in that they _____ fat globules.
Emulsify
The food substance most clearly associated with the development of cancer is...
Fats
Which of the following hormones exerts its effect primarily upon the reproductive organs?
Follicle stimulating hormone
Peristalsis occurs in the digestive tract...
From the pharynx to the anus
The basic food group that supplies the best source of vitamin C is...
Fruits and Vegetables
Which of the following provides a short-term energy source after cellular glucose supplies are depleted?
Glycogen
The loss of teeth is most commonly associated with diseases of the...
Gums and dental pulp
If the blood vessels of the anal columns become enlarged, the condition is called...
Hemorrhoids
The bile canals of the liver unite to form the...
Hepatic ducts
Control of hormone secretion is essential to maintain...
Homestasis
The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete...
Hydrochloric acid
A person with an abnormally high metabolic rate, who is underweight, and has protruding eyes, is exhibiting symptoms of...
Hyperthyroidism
Where are the hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland made?
In the Hypothalamus
Gastrin, which is secreted by stomach cells, functions to...
Increase the secretions of the gastric glands.
Beverage alcohol causes increase in urine production by...
Inhibiting the secretion of ADH
The effects of Sympathetic nerve impulses on the alimentary canal are ______ and parasympathetic impulses are ______.
Inhibitory, or slow down the activity; stimulative, or cause increases in activity.
Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus results from...
Insensitivity of cells to insulin
Simple goiter is most likely to affect people who live in regions where the soil lacks...
Iodine
Which of the following would be affected the most if the liver were severely damaged?
Lipids
The basic food group that supplies the richest source of calcium is...
Milk and dairy products
The correct sequence for the layers within the layers of the Alimentary Canal from inside to outside is the...
Mucous membrane, submucosa, muscular layer, serous layer.
Chylomicrons transport dietary fats to ______ through blood.
Muscles
As a rule, hormone concentrations are controlled by...
Negative feedback mechanisms
The cells that are most dependent upon the continual supply of glucose are those of the...
Nervous system
The main part of the stomach is called the...
None of these; Fundic region, pyloric region, cardiac region.
Vitamin B complex refers to vitamins that...
Occur together in foods
Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions?
Pancreas
The vitamin that functions as part of coenzyme A is...
Pantothenic acid
Which of the following hormones requires a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus for its secretions?
Prolcatin
Various anti-inflammatory drugs such as asprin, that are used to treat the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritisby inhibiting the production of...
Prostaglandins
Cholecystokinin from the intestinal wall is stimulated by the presence of...
Protein and fat in the small intestine.
Kwashiorkor is a condition that may develop in children who have dietary deficiencies of...
Proteins
A characteristic shared by all enzymes involved in protein digestion is that all are...
Secreted in an inactive form
Mixing in the small intestine is accomplished by...
Segmentation
Nonsteroid hormones act upon their target cells by causing...
The activation of adenylate cyclase
Hormones synthesized in the hypothalamus are released in...
The neurohypophysis
Triiodothyronine is a hormone secreted by the...
Thyroid gland
Which of the following is a protein-splitting enzyme found in pancreatic juice?
Trypsin
Night blindness is most likely to be caused by a deficiency of...
Vitamin A
the fat-soluble vitamins include...
Vitamin A, D, and K
The condition called osteomalacia is caused by a deficiency of...
Vitamin D
Which of the following vitamins has steroid, hormone-like characteristics and promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorous from the intestine?
Vitamin D
Intrinsic factor regulates the absorption of...
Vitamin b12
One of the major functions of the large intestine is to...
reabsorb water from chyme
