Anatomy Unit 2 Exam
Structures of the sternum
**suprasternal notch not jugular notch
Place the events involved in muscle contraction in the correct order.
-A nerve impulse causes ACh release at a neuromuscular junction. -ACh binds receptors on the motor end plate, initiating a muscle impulse. -Calcium ions bind to troponin, causing tropomyosin to move and expose active sites. -Myosin heads attach to actin and form crossbridges. -A cyclic "attach, pivot, detach, return" event occurs. -Calcium ions are moved back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum by ATP-driven pumps. -Myofilaments passively return to their original state.
Check all that are a function of skeletal muscle tissue. -Regulation of blood pH -Body movement -Maintenance of posture -Heat production -Regulating elimination of materials -Protection and support
-Body movement -Maintenance of posture -Heat production -Regulating elimination of materials -Protection and support
The pad of fibrocartilage between the left and right pubic bones is which type of joint? Check all that apply. -Fibrous joint -Syndesmosis -Cartilaginous joint -Symphysis
-Cartilaginous joint -Symphysis
Place the following excitation-contraction coupling events in the order that they occur.
-End-plate potential reaches threshold -Action potential sent throughout the sarcolemma -Voltage-sensitive DPH receptors are activated -Conformational change opens RyR1 channels -Release of calcium into sarcoplasm
Which of the following are locations where you would find a synchondrosis? Check all that are correct. -Epiphyseal plates in children -Between the bones of the skull in adults -The first sternocostal joint (between the first rib and the sternum) -Between each rib and its costal cartilage
-Epiphyseal plates in children -The first sternocostal joint (between the first rib and the sternum) -Between each rib and its costal cartilage
Check all that are proteins of thin filaments. -Myosin -Actin -Troponin -Titin -Tropomyosin
-actin -troponin -tropomyosin
Which of the following are facial bones: -Maxilla -Nasal -Occipital -Zygomatic -Lacrimal -Sphenoid -Vomer
-maxilla -nasal -zygomatic -lacrimal -vomer
Which of the following is not a function of the vertebral column? -Provide support for the muscles of the arm -Help transfer axial skeleton weight to the lower limbs -Provide vertical support for the body -Support the weight of the head
-provide support for the muscles of the arm
Which of these are auditory ossicles: -stapes -hyoid -malleus -incus
-stapes -malleus -incus
Atlas
C1
Extensibility
ability to extend in length
Conductivity
ability to pass an electrical change along a cell's plasma membrane
Excitability
ability to respond to stimuli
Elasticity
ability to return to original length
Contraction
active generation of force
Coccyx
also called tailbone
Parietal suture
also sagittal suture
The multiaxial joint in which the spherical end of one bone fits into the cuplike socket of the other bone is called a ___________ joint. -plane -pivot -ball-and-socket -condylar
ball-and-socket
Sagittal suture
between parietal bones
Lambdoid suture
between parietal bones and occipital bone
Syndesmosis
between radius and ulna
Suture
between skull bones
Gomphosis
between tooth and jaw
Articular cartilage
covers articulating surfaces
Thoracic vertebrae
each one connects to a rib pair
A bodybuilder exhibits an increase in muscle size, called hyperplasia.
false
Articulations involve only the point of contact between bones and other bones.
false
An anthropologist examines an ancient human pelvis in an attempt to learn more about its lifestyle. She notices that the pelvis has a wide greater sciatic notch, a short, wide sacrum, and a subpubic angle of 110 degrees. Is she inspecting a male or female pelvis?
female
Sacrum
five fused vertebrae
The "soft spots" on an infant's head are caused by what?
fontanelles
Diarthrosis
freely mobile joint
Which of the following joints is the least stable? -Skull suture -Glenohumeral (shoulder) joint -Radioulnar joint -Costochondral joint
glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
In the gluteus maximus, each motor unit controls a(n) _____________ amount of muscle fibers than a motor unit in the eye muscles. -lesser -greater -equal
greater
Synovial joint
has a fluid filled joint cavity
Synarthrosis
immobile joint
Symphyses can be found in the -intervertebral joints. -glenohumeral joints. -knee joints. -joints between the sternum and the ribs.
intervertebral joints
Fibrous joint
joined by dense regular connective tissues
Cartilaginous joint
joined together by cartilage
Synovial membrane
lines the joint cavity
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone? -ethmoid -frontal -occipital -mandible -parietal
mandible
If you palpate the medial side of your ankle, what prominent process of the tibia are you feeling? -Tibial tuberosity -Medial malleolus -Fibular notch -Medial condyle
medial malleolus
Adductor magnus
muscle action
Triceps brachii
number of muscle heads
Which of the following features is the most proximal feature of the ulna? -Styloid process -Olecranon -Radial tuberosity -Tuberosity of ulna
olecranon
External oblique
orientation of muscle fibers
Cervical vertebrae
seven vertebrae
Amphiarthrosis
slightly mobile joint
Joint cavity
space between bones
Tibialis anterior
specific body region
Cardiac muscle
striated, autorhythmic
Skeletal muscle
striated, multiple nuclei
If you palpate the bony projection on the lateral side of your wrist, just proximal to the thumb, what part of the radius are you feeling?
styloid process
The type of cartilaginous joint that is joined by hyaline cartilage is a ___________, while the type of cartilaginous joint that has a pad of fibrocartilage between the bones is a ___________. -synovial joint; syndesmosis -costochondral joint; synchondrosis -gomphosis; fibrous joint -synchondrosis; symphysis
synchondrosis; symphysis
Which of the following fibrous joints allows for slight movement with articulating bones that are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue? -Syndesmosis -Suture -Gomphosis
syndesmosis
Coronal suture
the suture between the parietal and frontal bones of the skull
The component of a muscle fiber that quickly transports a muscle impulse from the sarcolemma throughout the entire muscle fiber is called the -sarcoplasmic reticulum. -transverse tubule (T-tubule). -terminal cisternae. -titin
transverse tubule (T-tubule)
Primary ossification centers begin to form in limb bones during week 8 of development.
true
Synovial joints have these features: an articular capsule, a joint cavity containing synovial fluid, articular cartilage, ligaments, blood vessels, and nerves.
true
Smooth muscle
unstriated, single nucleus