Anthropology quizzes

In which of the following locations would you likely find an anthropologist doing fieldwork?

- a factory - a mental institution - a New York City neighborhood - the Amazon rain forest

One of the methods that archaeologists can use to determine potentially useful areas to excavate involves the use of

- aerial surveys - surface surveys - regional surveys - GIS systems

Which of the following is a contributing factor to the development of creoles, pidgins, and other hybrid forms of language?

- colonialism - globalization - commerce - migration

When cultural anthropologists go into the field

- they go with a set of questions they want to ask and have answered - they often change the focus of their question to fit what they are seeing - they often go with the flow of everyday life, even if it seems off-topic at the time

In becoming human, very alemseged named the Australopithecus afarensis child he found in Ethiopia

...

Becoming Human: According to a technique called the "molecular clock," humans and chimpanzees last shared a common ancestor about ________ years ago

5 to 7 million

Who are the Narcerima?

Americans

The progression of ancestral forms leading to modern-day humans, the earliest being first, is which of the following sequences?

Australopithecines - Homo habilis - Homo erectus - Homo sapiens

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", which of the following is NOT typical of child-rearing practices in the United States.

Bed-sharing with child

Which of the following traits is unique to hominins and NOT found in other primates?

Bipedalism

Which of the following would be considered a functionalist?

Bronislaw Malinowski

By cross-breeding pea plants, he was able to illustrate the basic laws of inheritance:

By cross-breeding pea plants, he was able to illustrate the basic laws of inheritance:

The Origin of the Species was written by:

Charles Darwin

Studying another culture from its own point of view without imposing our own cultural values is known as:

Cultural Relativism

According to the "Survival of the Fittest" video , what trait of the Rock Pocket Mouse was best adapted to survival on the lava flow?

Dark fur

Which of the following is NOT studied by anthropologists?

Dinosaur bones What is studied? primates human culture forensics

Anthropologists have always approached a problem by specializing in one of the four subfields.

False

In order to study culture one must travel to distant, far-off places.

False

In science, a theory is an educated guess and is not well-accepted among the scientific community.

False

It is easy to identify direct causal links between genes and behavior.

False

Languages always change very slowly, taking generations or even centuries.

False

Shaking hands when you meet someone is an example of a

Folkway

The American anthropologist responsible for the concept of historical particularism was name

Franz Boas

"Evolution as Fact and Theory" uses all of the following are arguments to support evolution as fact EXCEPT:

Genetic evidence proving modern humans descended from chimpanzees

Anthropologists think that the first hominin capable of speaking in sounds, not signals, was:

Homo erectus

Besides fossilized skeletal remains, what other evidence indicates bipedalism in Australopithecus afarensis?

Laetoli Footprints

The name most closely associated with the system traditionally used to classify living things is:

Linnaeus

The ability to touch the thumb with the tips of the other fingers on the same hand is called:

Opposability

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major sub-fields of anthropology?

Paleontology

Reconnaissance work in archaeology is also known as:

Phase I

The theorist most connected with post-structuralism is

Renato Rosaldo

A distinguishing feature of most australopithecines is their high degree of sexual dimorphism.

True

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", in the United States, individualism is valued highly, so generally parents do not hold their babies as much as other cultures.

True

Archaeologists are making a mistake when they clean samples of potsherds for analysis.

True

Clyde Kluckhohn argued that both biological and cultural aspects of humanity must be seen as a continuum of small changes.

True

Mutation is the only source of new genetic material.

True

Neanderthals and modern humans share the same genus and species classification (Homo sapien).

True

"Why Isn't the Sky Blue": What is the name of the British Prime Minister who was fascinated with the stories of Homer?

William gladstone

A language of mixed origins that developed from a complex blending of two parent languages is called....

a creole

The key principle of the holistic perspective developed by Franz Boas is

a goal of synthesizing the entire context of human experiance

The Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed that all life was arranged in

a great chain of being

Chronometric dating techniques used by archaeologists help establish

a more specific age for a fossil or something organic

One important adaptation found in New World monkeys is the presence of

a prehensile tail

Which project would likely require the assistance of a geomorphologist?

a study of landscape change

According to anthropologist Sherry Ortner's analysis, the American flag is an example of

a summarizing symbol

Research committed to making social change and improving the lives of marginalized people is called

action research

Social behavior patterns observed in one species that look like behavior patterns in another, but which do not arise from a shared ancestry, are known as

analogous behaviors

The evolution of the tail among New World monkeys reflects an adaption to their environment and would be of interest to a

behavioral ecologist

a taxonomic structure is one that..

both names and classifies all organisms according to a system

Cultural anthropologists do research by

building trusting relationships with people over a long period of time

The communication systems of nonhuman species consist of a finite (limited) number of signals for finite specific meanings. Such systems are said to be:

closed

Words that came from the same ancestral language and originated from the same word are called

cognate words

Which of the following is NOT a concept key to the human culture as discussed in the lecture?

culture is isolate

when children in the united Tates reach a certain age they often move out of their parents hime and into their own living space, something anthropologists refer to as

dispersal

The process of learning culture from a very young age is called

enculturation

Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best described as

ethnocentrism

the refinement of Darwins theory has shown that

evolution can only be measured or seen across generations within a population

non-random mating among the Hutterite sect in Canada is a good example of how genetic drift works

false

old world monkeys are exclusively terrestrial dwellers

false

the appearance of culture was the event that signaled the arrival of modern humans.

false

that art found on the walls at Lascaux has been thoroughly deciphered as its function and meaning.

fasle

All the characteristics listed below are common behavior patterns found in all primates except

father-son bond

A for of non-portable material culture that a human has made and modified is called a

feature

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called

functionalism

uniformitarianism is the idea that change occurs

gradually and through the result of process that are sill observed today

How would you describe Edward Taylors evolutionary theories?

he studied the history of human society from simple to complex technology and social institutions (from so-called savagery to civilization)

Alfred Russell Wallace is know for

hitting upon the idea of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin

The perspective the aims to identify and understand cultures in their entirely is called

holistic

What process involves shifting from an agricultural economy to a factory-based one?

industrialization

According Becoming Human (and Daniel Lieberman), the most compelling hypothesis for why bipedalism developed in early hominins is

it conserved energy

the idea of biological evolution was first proposed by...

lamarak in the late 1700s

The U.S governments prohibition of Native American children speaking their indigenous languages in Indian schools has contributed most profoundly to

language death

The use of mock Spanish reinforces a common impression that Hispanic people are socially inferior. This is an example of the power of which of the following?

language ideology

Among cultural anthropologist field work involves,

learning the local language becoming involved in people lives spending a significant amount of time in the field

The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called

linguistic anthropology

Which skeletal feature is paleoanthropologists' best indicator of bipedalism in a fossil?

location of the foramen magnum

For much of its early history, physical anthropology was associated with what methodology?

measurement and classification of skulls according to racial characteristics

How words fit together to make meaningful units is called

morphology

Anthropologist Sherry Ortner distinguished three kinds of culturally powerful symbols that include all of the following except

narrative symbols

what is the tool tradition associated with homo habilis?

oldowan

Which of the following is not one of the key benefits of full-time bipedalism?

options: visual surveillance increase speed against predators regulation of body heat carrying objects Answer: I think- increase speed against predators

When anthropologists study the way people use language in real settings rather than as a set of grammatical rules, they are focusing on...

parole

Norms are stable because

people learn them when they are young

In archaeology this is a division of prehistory based on gross changes in subsistence patterns climatic changes, housing and burial styles, etc.

period

If you discovered an ancient hominin with megadontia and a dental grinding structure similar to Paranthropus you might suggest that the diet of this hominin was

predominantly plant based

Ethnocentrism

presents a major problem for anthropologists means you think your culture is superior to others is a common feature of culture

Technigues that classify features of a phenomenon and count, measure and contract statistical models are collecting and analyzing...

quantitive data

A dominance hierarchy exists when members of the same group have

ranking relative to others that establishes access to resources

Cultural anthropologists face an ethical responsibility in their work and so must disclose to informants

reasons for doing the research

Discovery of an archaic human in the Denisova cave, which consisted of a finger bone and two teeth, has allowed paleoanthropologists to

reconstruct their genome

"Why Isn't the Sky Blue": According to the studies of Lazarus Geiger, what color term (after black and white) appears first and most often in ancient literature?

red

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", which of the following is NOT one of the "3 R's" of child rearing in Dutch society?

respect

The presence of a raised area in the middle of the cranium found in H. erectus is known as a

saggital keel

The Law of Superposition says that:

sedimentary layers are deposited in a time sequence with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on the top

In anthropology, holism refers to

seeking to understand how all aspects of our species are related

Primates rely extensively on all the characteristics listed below except

stereoscopic vison

Which of the following is not evidence of early hominid bipedalism in the fossil record?

strong clavicle

Reading your textbook is an example of:

symbolic learning

Evolution as Fact and Theory: The article states scientific creationism is not scientific because it is not....

testable

Gregor Mendel's findings about inheritance among pea plants stemmed from what key ability that he possessed?

the ability to observe closely

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the natural abilities of more civilized people to control less civilized people

In Mendelian genetics, a dominant allele is:

the one that is expressed phenotypically over other alleles

How, in general, does Marvin Harris (a materialist) explain the biblical dietary laws?

they resulted from some practical, usually economic considerations

The main idea behind the holistic perspective is to study culture

through systematic connections of different parts

One of the important ways that genetic material is moved between different populations, such as through gene flow, is

through the choice of a sexual partner

the primary result of natural selection is:

to maintain a species adaptation to its niche

A conséquence of larger brain size in early humans is that they require larger amounts of energy

true

Culture can be transmitted virtually through the internet in addition to face to face interaction.

true

gene flow is the movement of genetic material across different populations.

true

primate often live in groups in order to avoid predators

true

A for that best described participant observation is

unstructured

The comparative method

uses data from many different societies

In evolutionary terms humans are distinct from other primates with respect to their ability to use language because

we can speak using a larynx

In "Radio Lab: Why Isn't the Sky Blue", how did Guy Deutsher's daughter Alma initially describe the sky?

white

What ARE really evidence of hominid bipedalism in fossil record?

wide pelvis foran magnum that sits at base of skull inside towards the back laetoli footprints