AP Euro Chapter 24 and 25 Study Guide

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Who was Alexander Kerensky?

An important liberal and agrarian political leader of the Provisional Government in Russia.

Why were Jewish immigrants in the nineteenth century unlikely to return to their native lands?

Because of violent Antisemitism in Eastern Europe The possibility of buying land in their home country

What was Britain's decisive advantage in its war with China?

Britain had control of the seas

What did the Treaty of Nanking require of the Chinese?

Cede the island of Hong Kong to Britain forever Pay an indemnity of $100 million Open up four large cities to unlimited foreign trade with low tariffs

What was the immediate cause of the British entry into the First World War?

German invasion of neutral Belgium

How did Lenin respond to the peasants' seizure of land when he rose to power in 1917?

He mandated land reform in order to offer his approval for what the peasants had already done.

Why did Austria-Hungary deliberately choose war in July 1914?

It hoped to stem the tide of hostile nationalism within its borders

Who assassinated Rasputin in 1916?

Nationalist aristocrats

What medication proved to be effective in controlling Malaria?

Quinine

What did the "war guilt clause" in the Treaty of Versailles declare?

That Germany (with Austria) was solely responsible for the war and had to pay reparations

How did the Bolsheviks view of the Marxist Party in Russia differ from the Mensheviks view?

The Bolsheviks wanted a small, disciplined party, while the Mensheviks wanted a democratic party with mass membership

To what extent did new imperialism result in economic gains and why?

The gains were limited because the new colonies were too poor to buy European goods and offered few immediately profitable investments

How did the war on the eastern front differ from the war on the western front?

The offensives on the western front were depressingly similar slaughters of infantry units

DBQ: How did women affect World War I?

The role of women changed dramatically Worked in industries, offices, and on the front-lines They hoped this would help break down the gender barriers Greater social equality was promoted

Why did the Germans accept the Treaty of Versailles?

They had little alternative, especially as the naval blockade was still in place and the German people were starving

How did the British obtain the opium they smuggled into China?

Opium was grown legally in British-occupied India

What did the Petrograd Soviet Army Order No. 1 state?

That military officers were to be stripped of their authority and that power was to be placed in the hands of the elected committees of soldiers

What did the Schlieffen Plan call for in 1914?

A lightning attack through neutral Belgium and a quick defeat of France before turning on Russia

What issue contributed to tensions between Germany and Great Britain in the first decade of the 1900s?

An intense commercial rivalry and the German decision to construct a large world-class navy

Which nations joined the war on the side of Central Powers?

Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire

What did the Battle of the Marne do?

Germany's initial offensive was stopped It also marked the beginning of the German downfall in the war

Why did Great Britain choose to seize land in Africa and Asia in the late nineteenth century?

Great Britain feared that France and Germany would seal off their empires with high tariffs, and Great Britain would lose future economic opportunities

What did Lenin believe about Imperialism?

He believed that imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism

What was George Clemenceau's opinion at the Paris Peace Conference?

He wanted to create a buffer state between Germany and France

What was the result of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885?

It set up the terms for the division of most of Africa among European colonial powers

What was the goal of New Imperialism of the late nineteenth century?

It was a frantic activity to create vast overseas empires

What was Bismarck's alliance system designed to do?

It was designed to isolate France and to maintain peace between Russia and Austria-Hungary

What was the principle of effective occupation?

It was the principle by which the European powers established their claim to an African territory after the Berlin Conference

Following the First World War, what was one of the most difficult domestic problems faced by governments?

Providing care for the large number of injured veterans

What was the fatal turning point in the Russian prosecution of the war?

The tsar's decision to assume command of Russia's armies, leaving the government in the hands of the strong-willed, autocratic tsarina

Rudyard Kipling's "white man's burden" referred to what?

The white race's supposed duty to civilize inferior, nonwhite races


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