apush final exam review

What did Martin Luther King write to address fears of white religious leaders that he was moving too fast on desegregation?

Letter from a Birmingham Jail

In what way was the Battle of Little Bighorn different than many other conflicts between U.S. military forces and American Indians?

Little Big Horn was a large-scale victory for the American Indians

Use this quote to help you answer the question: "I believe that progressivism was a radical movement, though not by the common measures of economic and political radicalism. . . . Progressives were radical in their conviction that other social classes must be transformed and in their boldness in going about the business of that transformation. . . . The sweep of progressivism was remarkable,but because the progressive agenda was so often carried out in settlement houses, churches, and schoolrooms, in rather unassuming day-to-day activities, the essential audacity of the enterprise can be missed. Progressivism demanded a social transformation that remains atonce profoundly impressive and profoundly disturbing a century later." — Michael McGerr, A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870-1920, 2003 Which of the following efforts most directly resulted from the Progressive Era Reform Movements?

Local campaings against urban social problems

After the assassination of President Kennedy

Lyndon Johnson became President and was able to force many of Kennedy's stalled programs through Congress.

Which statement is NOT characteristic of Social Darwinism?

It stated that the poor must be aided by government intervention since they were less "fit" than other members of society.

What group of people were ordered into internment camps in large numbers in the U.S. during World War II?

Japanese

What did the Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona (1966) require law enforcement to do in regards to a suspect prior to arrest and subsequent interrogation?

Law enforcement must inform a suspect of their rights (attorney, remain silent) prior to arrest.

Of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points, the one that he hoped would provide an internation organization of collective security was the

League of Nations.

The large increase in the number of births from 1946-1961 is known as the

Baby Boom.

Which of the following statements IS true in describing the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?

Both organizations began as non-violent groups, but SNCC later became more militant and violent.

What case said that "separate but equal" schools were not constitutional?

Brown v. Board of Education

President Jimmy Carter's most spectacular foreign-policy achievement was the

Camp David agreement between Israel and Egypt.

Use the following excerpt to help answer the question. "The system of quotas...was the first major pillar of the Immigration Act of 1924. The second provided for the exclusion of persons ineligible to citizenship....Ineligibility to citizenship and exclusion applied to the peoples of all the nations of East and South Asia. Nearly all Asians had already been excluded from immigration....The exclusion of person ineligible to citizenship in 1924...completed Asiatic exclusion....Moreover, it codified the principle of racial exclusion into the main body of American immigration and naturalization law." -Mae M. Ngai, historian, Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America, 2004 Which of the following evidence would best support Ngai's argument in the excerpt?

Census data showing the changing percentages of the foreign-born populations from 1920 to 1930

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "Excepting only Yosemite, Hetch Hetchy is the most attractive and wonderful valley within the bounds of the great Yosemite National Park and the best of all the camp grounds. People are now flocking to it ever-increasing numbers for health and recreation of body and mind. Though the walls are less sublime in height than those of Yosemite, its groves, gardens, and broad, spacious meadows are more beautiful and picturesque....Last year in October I visited the valley with Mr. William Keith, the artist. He wandered about from view to view, enchanted, made thirty-eight sketches, and enthusiastically declared that in varied picturesque beauty Hetch Hetchy greatly surpassed Yosemite. It is one of God's best gifts, and ought to be faithfully guarded." -John Muir, Century Magazine, 1909 Muir's position regarding wilderness was most strongly opposed by which of the following?

Companies involved in natural resource extraction

With the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Congress handed the president a blank check to use further force in Vietnam.

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." -Chief Justice Earl Warren, writing the unanimous opinion of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 Which of the following sets of Supreme Court decisions demonstrated the strongest continuity with the idea expressed in the excerpt?

Decisions defining individual rights and protections, such as Miranda v. Arizona

The________was an "alphabetical agency" set up under Hoover to fight the Depression.

RFC

In a country hungry for news, American newspapers

became sensationalist.

The Tet Offensive of 1968

A massive, coordinated Communist assault against more than 100 cities and towns in South Vietnam.

The Senate would likely have accepted American participation in the League of Nations had Wilson

been willing to compromise with League opponents in Congress.

Which of the following is NOT an amendment passed due to the efforts of Progressives?

15th-suffrage for black males

Use the quote to help you answer the question. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 The economy described in the speech is most similar to the economy in which of the following decades?

1930s

What amendment gave women the right to vote, or suffrage?

19th

In what year was the first African-American president of the U.S, Barack Obama, elected?

2008

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. "He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to elective franchise. "He has compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she had no voice... "Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides... "He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns." -Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, 1848 Which of the following developments in the second half of the nineteenth century best represented the continuation of the ideas expressed in the declaration?

A movement focused on women's voting rights

Which of the following is NOT associated with the growing Conservative Movement of the the 1960s and 1970s?

A push to strike down liberal legislation through the Supreme Court headed by Earl Warren.

The Presidents of the 1970s generally took what approach to foreign policy?

A strategy of détente, in that they sought less confrontation with communism and a relaxing of Cold War tenstion.

Use the quote to help you answer the question. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the following solutions?

A stronger governmental role in the economic system

In the 1919-1920 "Red Scare", radicals were aggressively suppressed by Attorney General

A. Mitchell Palmer.

Iranian Students storm the U.S. Embassy in Tehran The Iranian Hostage Crisis

All of the above

Political Cartoon (1905) Critics of large corporations charged

All of the above

How did the availability of electricity and the light bulb change society?

All of these are changes brought on by electricity and the light bulb.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement relating to Climate Change, also known as Global Warming?

All scientists and all politicians agreed that Climate Change was a serious issue that needed to be addressed by legislation.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the "cult of domesticity"?

Almost all women fit neatly into the characteristics of the "cult of domesticity".

All of the following have historically been considered to be causes of WWI except

America's desire to dominate Europe

What does AFL stand for?

American Federation of Labor

Which of the following was not a way that the Sand Creek Massacre (1864) was particularly brutal?

American Indians killed all of the settlers without mercy.

The official government investigation of John Kennedy's assassination was led by

Earl Warren.

Which first lady championed various causes and was very influencial?

Eleanor Roosevelt

The New Immigrants from eastern and southern Europe that began arriving in the late 19th century usually entered the U.S. from

Ellis Island

Which statement is NOT true of farmers in the late 19th Century?

Farmers failed to organize to push for their interests.

President Johnson called his package of domestic reform proposals the

Great Society.

In general, television programs of the 1950s and early 1960s promoted traditional American values and family structure. Which one of these programs was NOT a popular show during this era?

Happy Days

What was the role of Senator Joseph McCarthy during the Second Red Scare of the 1950s?

He used Senate hearings to accuse people in government of being communists with little evidence.

___________were shanty towns named after President Hoover because he was blamed for the Great Depression.

Hoovervilles

Which of the following was NOT a reason cited by President Johnson to defend American involvement in Vietnam?

Involvement in Vietnam had economic benefits for the United States.

President and Mrs. Nixon visit the Great Wall of China (1972) During the 1970s

beginning largely with President Nixon's visit to communist China, the pursuit of detente was the central theme of the U.S. approach toward communism.

What European city was separated by an actual physical wall for much of the Cold War?

berlin

Which of the following is NOT matched correctly?

Muckrakers: politicians who proposed new Progressive laws

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about decolonization in the post World War II Era?

Neither the Soviety Union or the United States was very interested in gaining influence in these emerging nations since they were so poor.

Franklin Roosevelt was easily elected president in 1932 by promising people a

New Deal.

The stock market crash is widely seen as the event that touched off the Great Depression. When did it happen?

October 1929

Which one of the following did not contribute to the Great Depression?

Overproduction

What construction project greatly shortened the trip between San Francisco and New York in the early 1900s?

Panama Canal

Use this quote to help you answer the question: "I believe that progressivism was a radical movement, though not by the common measures of economic and political radicalism. . . . Progressives were radical in their conviction that other social classes must be transformed and in their boldness in going about the business of that transformation. . . . The sweep of progressivism was remarkable,but because the progressive agenda was so often carried out in settlement houses, churches, and schoolrooms, in rather unassuming day-to-day activities, the essential audacity of the enterprise can be missed. Progressivism demanded a social transformation that remains atonce profoundly impressive and profoundly disturbing a century later." — Michael McGerr, A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870-1920, 2003 Which of the following activities from the middle of the 19th century most closely resembles the Progressive Era reforms that McGerr describes?

Participation by women in moral reform efforts

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about Presidents Hoover and Roosevelt's approach to the Great Depression?

President Hoover did nothing to combat the Great Depression because of his conservative beliefs.

Which of the following characterizes Reaganomics?

President Reagan sought to cut taxes and government spending, but government spending rose due an increase in military spending.

Who promoted non-violent civil disobedience and was the most well known civil right leader?

Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Use the quote to help you answer the question. "Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 Lease's views best reflect the influence of which of the following developments in social and political movements in the 1890s?

Rising grassroots challenges to the dominant economic system

Although it happended when George Bush was president, who is given much of the credit for the collapse of the Soviet Union and communism?

Ronald Reagan

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "The era of big government is over but we can't go back to a time when our citizens were just left to fend for themselves. We will meet them by going forward as one America, by working together in our communities, our schools, our churches, our synagogues, our workplaces across the entire spectrum of our civic life." -President Bill Clinton, radio address to the nation, 1996 The ideas expressed by Clinton in the excerpt were most similar to those of which twentieth-century president?

Ronald Reagan

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." -Chief Justice Earl Warren, writing the unanimous opinion of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 Which of the following was the most immediate result of the decision excerpted?

Segregationists in southern states temporarily closed many public schools in an effort to resist the decision.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about American troops in World War I?

Since they arrived so late in the war, American troops did not see much combat or have an impact on any major battles.

The_____tribe under the leadership of Sitting Bull fought against the U.S. Army when the government wanted to take lands that had been promised to the American Indians.

Sioux

The German capital of Berlin fell to what invading army after a fierce battle?

Soviet

The United States pursued a policy of containing communism for much of the Cold War. Which even showed that the Soviets could not be trusted to follow through on agreements and would work to aggressively spread communism?

Stalin's refusal to abide by the Declaration of Liberated Europe

An arrangement in which a purchaser pays back the amount for a stock purchase over an extended time, without having to put down much money at the time of purchase.

buying on margin

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "The history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations on the part of man toward woman, having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over her. To prove this, let facts be submitted to a candid world. "He has never permitted her to exercise her inalienable right to elective franchise. "He has compelled her to submit to laws, in the formation of which she had no voice... "Having deprived her of this first right of a citizen, the elective franchise, thereby leaving her without representation in the halls of legislation, he has oppressed her on all sides... "He has taken from her all right in property, even to the wages she earns." -Seneca Falls Convention, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions, 1848 Many supporters of the declaration in 1848 broke ranks with which of the following groups by the 1870s?

Supporters of the Fifteenth Amendment

Which term is LEAST releated to the other three?

TVA

Use the excerpt to help you answer the question. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" — James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996 The increased culture of consumerism during the 1950s was most similar to developments in which of the following earlier periods?

The 1920s

Osama Bin Laden headed the al-Qaeda organization which was responsible for what?

The 9/11 attacks

Which of the following statemtents does NOT represent President Arthur's views in Document 3?

The American Indians needed new hunting grounds far removed from white settlers in the future.

"I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Miss Lewinsky." This quote relates to what?

The Impeachment of Bill Clinton

Use the excerpt to help you answer the question. "As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." — Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991 Settlement house work as described by Muncy had the most in common with women's activism during which of the following earlier periods?

The Second Great Awakening in the first half of the 1800s

Why does George Kennan feel that a policy of containment can be pursued with "reasonable confidence."

The Soviets are not as strong as many think so standing up to their attempts to export communism could lead to their demise.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about Cuba from 1959-1962?

The United States tried to negotiate with Castro despite his ties to the Soviet Union.

Use the excerpt to help you answer the question. "As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." — Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991 Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt?

The devolopment of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society

How did President Roosevelt plan to turn the opinions of the Supreme Court in favor of the New Deal?

by encouraging Congress to pass a law that was known as the "court packing bill" that would let him appoint more Supreme Court Justices

Which of the following represents a later example of the change highlighted in the poster?

The increased number of women in the paid workforce by the 1970s

Use this quote to help you answer the question: "I believe that progressivism was a radical movement, though not by the common measures of economic and political radicalism. . . . Progressives were radical in their conviction that other social classes must be transformed and in their boldness in going about the business of that transformation. . . . The sweep of progressivism was remarkable,but because the progressive agenda was so often carried out in settlement houses, churches, and schoolrooms, in rather unassuming day-to-day activities, the essential audacity of the enterprise can be missed. Progressivism demanded a social transformation that remains atonce profoundly impressive and profoundly disturbing a century later." — Michael McGerr, A Fierce Discontent: The Rise and Fall of the Progressive Movement in America, 1870-1920, 2003 Which of the following movements from the period of 1870 to 1920 would most directly support McGerr's argument in the excerpt above?

The movement for temperance and Prohibition, which sought to limit consumption of alcohol

Which of the following has NOT increased significantly since the passage of the Immigration Act of 1990?

The percentage of the population that is African American.

Which of the following was NOT cited in the Supreme Court's ruling to ban school lead prayer in 1962?

The prayer in question was "too Christian" to be used and a more general appeal to God would be more acceptable.

Use the quotes to help you answer the question. "I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes." -President Harry Truman, address before a joint session of Congress articulating what would become known as the Truman Doctrine, 1947 "We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace....General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" -President Ronald Reagan, speech at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany, 1987 Reagan's speech best reflects which of the following developments in United States foreign policy?

The pursuit of free trade worldwide

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the religious meetings of the Second Great Awakening (based on the documents)?

They took place only in large assembly halls of major cities.

What famous inventor established a research laboratory in New Jersey?

Thomas Edison

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about Mexican immigration to the United States in the early 20th Century?

Tough restrictions were placed on Mexican immigration that were not applied to immigrants from other lands.

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "The peace-loving nations must make a concerted effort in opposition to those violations of treaties and those ignoring of humane instincts which today are creating a state of international anarchy and instability from which there is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. "Those who cherish their freedom and recognize and respect the equal right of their neighbors to be free and live in peace, must work together for the triumph of law and moral principles in order that peace, justice, and confidence may prevail in the world. There must be a return to a belief in the pledged word, in the value of a signed treaty. There must be recognition of the fact that national morality is as vital as private morality." -President Franklin Roosevelt, Quarantine Speech, 1937 Which of the following best represents continuity in the years after 1945 with the ideas that Roosevelt expressed in the excerpt?

United States membership in an international peacekeeping body

Which of the following was not an architect that influenced urban landscapes in the later 19th and early 20th Centuries?

William Weaver

When the Soviet Union attempted to install nuclear weapons in Cuba, President Kennedy ordered

a naval blockade of Cuba.

What was Levittown?

a suburb on Long Island, New York: the first major master-planned community in the U.S.

Which of the following is NOT associated with the Presidency of Bill Clinton?

a successful overhaul of the nation's health care system

Which of the following was associated with labor unions of the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

all of the above

In the Vietnam conflict, the United States lost

all of these

Thomas Edison is credited with inventing or improving

all of these

Which of the following relates to the War on Terrorism under President George W. Bush?

all of these are related to the War on Terrorism

How has the religious right influenced American politics since the late 1970s?

all of these statements show activites and influences of the religious right

Which of the following was not an economic challeged faced by Jimmy Carter during his one term as president?

an economy that was growing too rapidly to keep up with available resources

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "The peace-loving nations must make a concerted effort in opposition to those violations of treaties and those ignoring of humane instincts which today are creating a state of international anarchy and instability from which there is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. "Those who cherish their freedom and recognize and respect the equal right of their neighbors to be free and live in peace, must work together for the triumph of law and moral principles in order that peace, justice, and confidence may prevail in the world. There must be a return to a belief in the pledged word, in the value of a signed treaty. There must be recognition of the fact that national morality is as vital as private morality." -President Franklin Roosevelt, Quarantine Speech, 1937 The ideas expressed in the excerpt differed from the prevailing United States approach to foreign policy issues primarily in that Roosevelt was

arguing to expand the role of the United States in the world

In October 1949 what huge country fell to Communism?

china

Much of the 1950s and 1960s prosperity rested on

colossal military budgets (military industrial complex).

What was the difference between wartime conservation and wartime rationing?

conservation was voluntary and rationing was mandatory

Which "ism" is not correctly matched with a characteristic relating to it?

conservatism: a political philosophy that favors a large role of the government in the economy and a move away from traditional institutions.

Soviet specialist George F. Kennan framed a coherent approach for America in the Cold War by advising a policy of

containment.

The poster was intended to

convince women that they had an essential role in the war effort

The Civil Rights Bill of 1964 prohibited

denial of entrance to any public building/event based on a variety of factors.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the U.S. during WWI?

early in the war, most Americans were eager to get into the fight

Which one of the following was NOT a major danger faced by workers building the transcontinental railroad?

earthquakes

Woodrow Wilson's ultimate goal at the Paris Peace Conference was to

establish the League of Nations.

National Guard firing on Pullman strikers, from Harper's Weekly (1893) The rise of labor unions in the late 19th century

featured violent strikes and unrest in numerous areas.

Official Seal of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) The environmental movement

gained strength with laws being passed to protect the environment and President Nixon creating a governmental organization to enforce environmental regulations.

The "cult of domesticity"

glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.

Cesar Chavez led a nationwide boycott of what crop in support of migrant workers attempting to unionize?

grapes

Promotional Poster for Buffalo Bill's Wild West show (1898) The "Wild West" era

has fascinated generations of Americans with its focus on adventure and rugged individualism.

President Bill Clinton was impeached because

he lied under oath and obstructed justice.

George W. Bush was elected president in 2000 when

he received the most electoral votes.

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "[H]istory and experience prove that foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government....Excessive partiality for one foreign nation and excesive dislike of another cause those whom they actuate to see danger only on one side adn serve to veil and even second the arts of influence on the other....The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations, is in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns." -George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796 Most historians would argue that the recommendations of Washington's address ceased to have a significant influence on United States foreign policy as a result of

involvement in the Second World War

The most controversial action of Gerald Ford's presidency was

issuing a pardon to Nixon, releasing him from any possible legal actions due to Watergate.

Overall, the government's approach to big business during the Gilded Age

largely followed the philosophy of "laissez-faire" meaning that the government "let alone" in terms of taking a hands off approach to regulation.

Use the photograph by Jacob Riis to help answer the question. The conditions shown in the image came about most directly as a result of

low wages earned by workers in the late nineteenth century

Air shaft of dumbbell tenement, New York City (1900) As cities grew rapidly during the period of industrialization

many recent arrivals in cities lived in the cramped quarters of multi-story tenement apartments.

Protest opposing the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas In the wake of the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling

many white southerners strongly resisted the ruling, delaying desegregation in many areas.

Woodrow Wilson's approach to American foreign policy earned the label of______diplomacy.

moral

The 1920s saw immense changes in popular culture because of the two new technologies of

motion pictures and radios.

As a conservative, Ronald Reagan wanted to

none of the above

After World War II, the atomic bomb

none of the above.

When the Soviet Union denied the United States, Britain, and France access to Berlin in 1948, President Truman responded by

organizing a gigantic airlift of supplies to Berlin.

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

outlawed literacy tests.

On December 7, 1941 what American military base was attacked?

pearl harbor

Use the excerpt to help answer the question. "We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." -Chief Justice Earl Warren, writing the unanimous opinion of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 The decision excerpted most directly reflected a growing belief after the Second World War that the power of the federal government should be used to

promote greater racial justice

Use the quotes to help you answer the question. "I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. I believe we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way. I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes." -President Harry Truman, address before a joint session of Congress articulating what would become known as the Truman Doctrine, 1947 "We welcome change and openness; for we believe that freedom and security go together, that the advance of human liberty can only strengthen the cause of world peace....General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization: Come here to this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbachev, Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" -President Ronald Reagan, speech at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, Germany, 1987 The statements of both Truman and Reagan share the same goal of

restraining communist military power and ideological influence

Use the excerpt to help you answer the question. "Economic growth was indeed the most decisive force in the shaping of attitudes and expectations in the postwar era. The prosperity of the period broadened gradually in the late 1940s, accelerated in the 1950s, and soared to unimaginable heights in the 1960s. By then it was a boom that astonished observers. One economist, writing about the twenty-five years following World War II, put it simply by saying that this was a 'quarter century of sustained growth at the highest rates in recorded history.' Former Prime Minister Edward Heath of Great Britain agreed, observing that the United States at the time was enjoying 'the greatest prosperity the world has ever known.'" — James T. Patterson, historian, Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945-1974, published in 1996 One significant result of the economic trend described in the excerpt was the

rise of the Sun Belt as a political and economic force

Jim crow laws were laws that

separated the races

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

set up a free trade zone between the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.

Both ratified in the 1930s, the 20th Amendment_________;the 21st Amendment_________.

shortened the time between presidential election and inauguration, ended prohibition

Use the following excerpt to help answer the question. "The system of quotas...was the first major pillar of the Immigration Act of 1924. The second provided for the exclusion of persons ineligible to citizenship....Ineligibility to citizenship and exclusion applied to the peoples of all the nations of East and South Asia. Nearly all Asians had already been excluded from immigration....The exclusion of person ineligible to citizenship in 1924...completed Asiatic exclusion....Moreover, it codified the principle of racial exclusion into the main body of American immigration and naturalization law." -Mae M. Ngai, historian, Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America, 2004 The Immigration Act of 1924 most directly reflected

social tensions emerging from the First World War

In the late nineteenth century, tax benefits and cheap, non-union labor attracted_______manufacturing to the "new South".

textile

President Reagan speaks at the Berlin Wall (1987) President Ronald Reagan gave an important speech at the Berlin Wall in 1987

that called on the Gorbachev, the leader of the USSR, to "tear down this wall."

All of the following programs were part of Johnson's Great Society except

the Peace Corps.

Even though the war did not start over this location, the first fighting of the Spanish-American War happened here.

the Philippines

In response to the U.S. forming NATO with Canada and the Western European nations

the Soviets formed the Warsaw Pact with their allies in Eastern Europe.

U.S. Marines fighting in Seoul, Korea (1950) During the Cold War

the USSR and USA never went directly to war, but armed conflicts occurred globally in many regions.

What event caused rioting across the nation?

the assassination of Martin Luther King

Which of the following was NOT a major technological/scientific breakthrough during the 1950s?

the landing of the first humans on the moon

In the controversial Supreme Court decision of Roe v. Wade, the court ruled that women had a right to an abortion based on what?

the right to privacy

The name muckrakers was given to journalist who wrote about corruption and social problems.

true

The Battle of Midway was a__________ point in World War II.

turning

The poster most directly reflects the

wartime mobilization of United States society

The Iran-Contra Scandal where weapons were sold to Iran and money sent to the Contras in Nicaragua

was a major scandal in the Reagan administration.

Political Machines

were often dominated by "bosses" such as William "Boss" Tweed of New York City.