apush unit 4 review

Which of the following explains how the growth of a market-based economy in the United States in the early 1800s most directly influenced changes in gender roles?

As home and the workplace became separated, women were increasingly expected to be responsible for housework and childcare while men took jobs outside the home.

Which of the following best explains the cause of the emergence of new political parties in the early nineteenth century?

Continued debates over the proper role of the federal government

map of territories The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following?

Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories

Which of the following was a core belief of the transcendentalists of the early nineteenth century?

Individual conduct should be guided by truths found in the individual conscience.

The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 ?

Possession of California and most of the Southwest

"Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural.... Those who benefited most from the market revolution—merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professionals, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families—faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force; in all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors." Which of the following cultural and social shifts resulted most directly from the trends described in the excerpt?

The emergence of new ideas about the proper roles of husbands and wives

Which of the following best explains a change in migration in United States society during the early 1800s?

The rise in manufacturing in the North coincided with an increase of immigration from abroad to these urban areas.

image shows-number of immigrants increase over 1820-1910 Which of the following most directly contributed to the overall trend depicted in the graph?

The transformation of the United States into an industrial society

Which of the following was NOT a result of the growth of a national market economy between 1815 and 1860 ?

a greater number of men working at home

In the antebellum period, free African Americans were

able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination

William Lloyd Garrison and the American Anti-Slavery Society were known for

advocating immediate and uncompensated emacipation

The Missouri Compromise did which of the following?

allowed maine to enter the union as a free state

Most young women who worked in the Lowell, Massachusetts, textile mills during the 1830s experienced all of the following EXCEPT

continued employment after marriage

President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he

feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery

major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations

A distinguishing feature of American society in the early nineteenth century was th

increasing readership of newspapers

The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to

prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory

The role of women expressed in the cult of domesticity had its roots in

republican motherhood

The most important factor in Andrew Jackson's successful bid for the presidency in 1828 was his

reputation as a hero of the war of 1812

Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT

sale of federal lands to finance higher education

Which of the following political changes most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening?

A participatory democracy expanded belief in the importance of the individual.

"I do not belong, said Mr. [Calhoun], to the school which holds that aggression is to be met by concession. . . . If we concede an inch, concession would follow concession—compromise would follow compromise, until our ranks would be so broken that effectual resistance would be impossible. . . . ". . . A large portion of the Northern States believed slavery to be a sin, and would believe it to be an obligation of conscience to abolish it if they should feel themselves in any degree responsible for its continuance. . . . ". . . Abolition and the Union cannot coexist. As the friend of the Union, I openly proclaim it—and the sooner it is known the better. The former may now be controlled, but in a short time it will be beyond the power of man to arrest the course of events. We of the South will not, cannot, surrender our institutions. To maintain the existing relations between the two races, inhabiting that section of the Union, is indispensable to the peace and happiness of both. . . . But let me not be understood as admitting, even by implication, that the existing relations between the two races in the slaveholding States is an evil—far otherwise; I hold it to be a good, as it has thus far proved itself to be to both, and will continue to prove so if not disturbed by the fell spirit of abolition." Which of the following resulted from arguments made by Southern politicians, such as the one in the excerpt, in the years prior to the Civil War?

Slaveholders became more insistent that maintaining the slave system was essential to protecting the South and its way of life.

"WHEREAS it is declared by the act entitled 'An act for the protection of the commerce and seamen of the United States, against the Tripolitan cruisers,' That it shall be lawful fully to equip, officer, man, and employ such of the armed vessels of the United States, as may be judged requisite by the President of the United States, for protecting effectually the commerce and seamen thereof, on the Atlantic ocean, the Mediterranean and adjoining seas: and also, that it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to instruct the commanders of the respective public vessels, to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey [Sultan] of Tripoli [in North Africa], or to his subjects. "THEREFORE, And in pursuance of the said statute, you are hereby authorized and directed to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey of Tripoli, or to his subjects, and to bring or send the same into port, to be proceeded against and distributed according to law. The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following?

The creation of the Monroe doctrine

"Not far from this time Nat Turner's insurrection [a slave rebellion] broke out; and the news threw our town into great commotion. . . . "It was always the custom to have a muster every year. On that occasion every White man shouldered his musket. The citizens and the so-called country gentlemen wore military uniforms. . . . "I knew the houses were to be searched; and I expected it would be done by country bullies and the poor Whites. . . . "It was a grand opportunity for the low Whites, who had no Negroes of their own to scourge. They exulted in such a chance to exercise a little brief authority, and show their subserviency to the slaveholders; not reflecting that the power which trampled on the colored people also kept themselves in poverty, ignorance, and moral degradation. . . . Colored people and slaves who lived in remote parts of the town suffered in an especial manner. In some cases the searchers scattered [gun]powder and shot among their clothes, and then sent other parties to find them, and bring them forward as proof that they were plotting insurrection." Which of the following statements would an abolitionist claim supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

The immorality of slavery had a widespread corrupting effect on Southern culture.

"A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. Entertaining this opinion, and deeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating [removing] these objections. I sincerely regret that in the act before me I can perceive none of those modifications of the bank charter which are necessary, in my opinion, to make it compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the Constitution of our country. . . . "Experience should teach us wisdom. Most of the difficulties our Government now encounters and most of the dangers which impend over our Union have sprung from an abandonment of the legitimate objects of Government by our national legislation. . . . Many of our rich men have not been content with equal protection and equal benefits, but have besought us to make them richer by act of Congress. By attempting to gratify their desires we have in the results of our legislation arrayed section against section, interest against interest, and man against man, in a fearful commotion which threatens to shake the foundations of our Union." People who shared the views expressed in the excerpt most likely opposed which of the following?

The use of federal government funding for internal improvements

All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT

federal constitutional provisions for emancipation

the picture of the wife sewing children playing and man writing in their home The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the

home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit

Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?

It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's.

"The creation of a home market is not only necessary to procure for our agriculture a just reward of its labors, but it is indispensable to obtain a supply of our necessary wants. . . . Suppose no actual abandonment of farming, but, what is most likely, a gradual and imperceptible employment of population in the business of manufacturing, instead of being compelled to resort to agriculture. . . . Is any part of our common country likely to be injured by a transfer of the theatre of [manufacturing] for our own consumption from Europe to America? ". . . Suppose it were even true that Great Britain had abolished all restrictions upon trade, and allowed the freest introduction of the [products] of foreign labor, would that prove it unwise for us to adopt the protecting system? The object of protection is the establishment and perfection of the [manufacturing] arts. In England it, has accomplished its purpose, fulfilled its end. . . . The adoption of the restrictive system, on the part of the United States, by excluding the [products] of foreign labor, would extend the [purchasing] of American [products], unable, in the infancy and unprotected state of the arts, to sustain a competition with foreign fabrics. Let our arts breathe under the shade of protection; let them be perfected as they are in England, and [then] we shall be ready . . . to put aside protection, and enter upon the freest exchanges." Which of the following was an interpretation of the speech by opponents of the goals Clay expressed in the excerpt?

Clay's manufacturing plan would benefit one section of the country more than others.

"A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the Government and useful to the people. Entertaining this opinion, and deeply impressed with the belief that some of the powers and privileges possessed by the existing bank are unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive of the rights of the States, and dangerous to the liberties of the people, I felt it my duty at an early period of my Administration to call the attention of Congress to the practicability of organizing an institution combining all its advantages and obviating [removing] these objections. I sincerely regret that in the act before me I can perceive none of those modifications of the bank charter which are necessary, in my opinion, to make it compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the Constitution of our country. . . . "Experience should teach us wisdom. Most of the difficulties our Government now encounters and most of the dangers which impend over our Union have sprung from an abandonment of the legitimate objects of Government by our national legislation. . . . Many of our rich men have not been content with equal protection and equal benefits, but have besought us to make them richer by act of Congress. By attempting to gratify their desires we have in the results of our legislation arrayed section against section, interest against interest, and man against man, in a fearful commotion which threatens to shake the foundations of our Union." Which of the following of Jackson's policies undermined his position as described in the excerpt?

Using federal power to forcibly relocate American Indian groups

Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to

acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops

The most unpopular and least successful of President Thomas Jefferson's policies was his

adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France

The United States House of Representatives responded to abolitionist agitation in the 1830s by

banning discussion of antislavery petitions

"Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural.... Those who benefited most from the market revolution—merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professionals, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families—faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force; in all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors." Which of the following pieces of historical evidence from the United States census could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt?

data showing changes in the number of textile mills

map of territories The ideology that supported the trend depicted in the map is most similar to the ideology that supported which of the following?

involvement in spanish american war

Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison?

it affirmed the principle of judicial review

The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States?

it disrupted american shipping

The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to

natural population increase of american-bron slaves

Those who supported the War of 1812 advanced all of the following rationales for their positions EXCEPT the

obligation to protect native americans

"Your Memorialist . . . represents to your honorable body, that he has devoted much time and attention to the subject of a railroad from Lake Michigan through the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and that he finds such a route practicable, the results from which would be incalculable—far beyond the imagination of man to estimate. . . . "It would enable us, in the short space of eight days (and perhaps less) to concentrate all the forces of our vast country at any point from Maine to Oregon. . . . Such easy and rapid communication with such facilities for exchanging the different products of the different parts would bring all our immensely wide spread population together. . . . "[W]ith a railroad to the Pacific, and thence to China by steamers, can be performed in thirty days, being now a distance of nearly seventeen thousand miles. . . Then the drills and sheetings of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, and other manufactures of the United States, may be transported to China in thirty days; and the teas and rich silks of China, in exchange, come back to New Orleans, to Charleston, to Washington, to Baltimore, to Philadelphia, New York, and to Boston, in thirty days more." The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments?

popular support for the idea of manifest destiny

The Louisiana Purchase proved politically troubling for Thomas Jefferson because of his

previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to

promote business enterprise

The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of

states' rights

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

"Your Memorialist . . . represents to your honorable body, that he has devoted much time and attention to the subject of a railroad from Lake Michigan through the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and that he finds such a route practicable, the results from which would be incalculable—far beyond the imagination of man to estimate. . . . "It would enable us, in the short space of eight days (and perhaps less) to concentrate all the forces of our vast country at any point from Maine to Oregon. . . . Such easy and rapid communication with such facilities for exchanging the different products of the different parts would bring all our immensely wide spread population together. . . . "[W]ith a railroad to the Pacific, and thence to China by steamers, can be performed in thirty days, being now a distance of nearly seventeen thousand miles. . . Then the drills and sheetings of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts, and other manufactures of the United States, may be transported to China in thirty days; and the teas and rich silks of China, in exchange, come back to New Orleans, to Charleston, to Washington, to Baltimore, to Philadelphia, New York, and to Boston, in thirty days more." Sentiments of business leaders and politicians like that expressed in the excerpt most likely contributed to which of the following?

the creation of diplomatic ties with foreign nations

Which of the following most likely contributed to the emergence of the Second Great Awakening?

the cultural response to the enlightenment

"Free should the scholar be,—free and brave. . . . We have listened too long to the courtly muses of Europe. . . . We will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds. Then shall man be no longer a name for pity, for doubt, and for sensual indulgence. . . . A nation of men will for the first time exist." Emerson's remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the early nineteenth century?

the emergence of a national culture

"Few historians would dispute that the market revolution brought substantial material benefits to most northeasterners, urban and rural.... Those who benefited most from the market revolution—merchants and manufacturers, lawyers and other professionals, and successful commercial farmers, along with their families—faced life situations very different from those known to earlier generations. The decline of the household as the locus of production led directly to a growing impersonality in the economic realm; household heads, instead of directing family enterprises or small shops, often had to find ways to recruit and discipline a wage-labor force; in all cases, they had to stay abreast of or even surpass their competitors." Which of the following historical developments contributed most directly to the market revolution?

the emergence of new forms of transportations

"Free should the scholar be,—free and brave. . . . We have listened too long to the courtly muses of Europe. . . . We will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds. Then shall man be no longer a name for pity, for doubt, and for sensual indulgence. . . . A nation of men will for the first time exist." Which of the following developments best represents a logical extension of the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

the expansion participatory democracy in the progressive era

The majority of immigrants who arrived in the United States between 1821 and 1880 settled in the

the midwest and northeast

President Andrew Jackson's creation of a monetary system based on state-chartered banks most likely contributed to which of the following?

the panic of 1837

"The creation of a home market is not only necessary to procure for our agriculture a just reward of its labors, but it is indispensable to obtain a supply of our necessary wants. . . . Suppose no actual abandonment of farming, but, what is most likely, a gradual and imperceptible employment of population in the business of manufacturing, instead of being compelled to resort to agriculture. . . . Is any part of our common country likely to be injured by a transfer of the theatre of [manufacturing] for our own consumption from Europe to America? ". . . Suppose it were even true that Great Britain had abolished all restrictions upon trade, and allowed the freest introduction of the [products] of foreign labor, would that prove it unwise for us to adopt the protecting system? The object of protection is the establishment and perfection of the [manufacturing] arts. In England it, has accomplished its purpose, fulfilled its end. . . . The adoption of the restrictive system, on the part of the United States, by excluding the [products] of foreign labor, would extend the [purchasing] of American [products], unable, in the infancy and unprotected state of the arts, to sustain a competition with foreign fabrics. Let our arts breathe under the shade of protection; let them be perfected as they are in England, and [then] we shall be ready . . . to put aside protection, and enter upon the freest exchanges." The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s?

the political debates over economic development

The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for

the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War

Which of the following statements best characterizes the activists who attended the Seneca Falls Convention?

they called for expanded women's rights

"Build, therefore, your own world. As fast as you conform your life to the pure idea in your mind, that will unfold its great proportions. A correspondent revolution in things will attend the influx of the spirit." The 1836 passage above exemplifies which of the following intellectual trends?

trancendentalism

The American Colonization Society was established in the early nineteenth century with the goal of

transporting african americans to afria

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in

urban areas of the north

"WHEREAS it is declared by the act entitled 'An act for the protection of the commerce and seamen of the United States, against the Tripolitan cruisers,' That it shall be lawful fully to equip, officer, man, and employ such of the armed vessels of the United States, as may be judged requisite by the President of the United States, for protecting effectually the commerce and seamen thereof, on the Atlantic ocean, the Mediterranean and adjoining seas: and also, that it shall be lawful for the President of the United States to instruct the commanders of the respective public vessels, to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey [Sultan] of Tripoli [in North Africa], or to his subjects. "THEREFORE, And in pursuance of the said statute, you are hereby authorized and directed to subdue, seize, and make prize, of all vessels, goods, and effects, belonging to the Bey of Tripoli, or to his subjects, and to bring or send the same into port, to be proceeded against and distributed according to law. The rhetorical purpose expressed in the excerpt would most likely have been interpreted as promoting which of the following?

using international commerce to expand united states influence

President Monroe articulate the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to

warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere