Art Appreciation

Scale

Size in relation to a constant or "normal" size.

Relieved/Approximate Symmetry

Slight differences between axial areas of a work of art

Chalk

Soft, finely textured stones composed of a variety of natural materials.

Graphite

A soft crystalline carbon. Combined with clay and encased in wood it makes a pencil.

Focal point

A specific spot to which one's attention is directed.

Actual texture

A tactile experience

Pointillism

A technique of applying dots of pure color that are then mixed by our eyes to produce the illusion of color mixtures.

Metalpoint

A thin silver wire set in a holder. When used on a specially prepared ground it leaves behind a trail of metal particles that tarnish to a pale gray.

Triadic

3 equidistant hues on the color wheel.

Black chalk

(a composite of carbon and clay)

Ground or Primer

(a preliminary coating)

Support

(a surface on which the artist works)

White chalk

(calcite or calcium carbonate)

Red chalk

(iron oxide and clay)

Medium or Vehicle

(liquid that holds the pigments together without dissolving them),

Pigment

(powdered color) mixed

Rapidograph

- a metal tipped instrument that channels a reservoir of ink into a fine, even unvarying line.

Mass

3-dimensional form that occupies a volume of space with identifiable boundaries

Metalpoint Tools

- left-right: 2mm HB graphite (in clutch lead holder), lead-tin stylus (solid metal, comes wrapped in tape), lead stylus (solid metal, comes wrapped in tape), 2mm silverpoint rod (in clutch lead holder)on Mi Teintes Touch pastel paper

W.O.A. have to be beautiful to be successful?

-NO, life isn't -emotions play a role -has different meaning

Looking Outward: The Here & Now

-depicting "everyday" life -domestic duty, empty spaces, lonely moments--ordinary -What's going on

Acrylic paints

-synthetic -vehicle is acrylic resin, polymerized through emulsion in water -As it dries the resin particles coalesce to form a tough, flexible, and waterproof film

What do artists do?

1- Create places for some human purpose, ie Stonehenge, Vietnam Veterans Memorial 2- Create extraordinary versions of ordinary objects, ie cups, textiles 3- Record and Commemorate 4- Give tangible form to the unknown 5- Give tangible form to feelings and ideas 6- Refresh our vision and help us see the world in new ways

Creative people tend to possess certain traits:

1. Sensitivity 2. Flexibility 3. Originality 4. Playfulness 5. Productivity 6. Fluency 7. Analytical Skill 8. Organizational Skill

Art

1. expression or application of human creative skill and imagination works=primarily for their beauty or emotional power 2.works produced by human creative skill & imagination 3.creative activity resulting in the production of paintings, drawings or sculpture

Shape

2-dimensional form that occupies an area with identifiable boundaries

- Subject Matter

: In representational and abstract art, the objects or events depicted.

Cartoon

A full-size drawing of entire project.

Subordination

A less visually interesting area.

The Golden Section:

A proportional ratio used by artists and the ancient Greeks in both architecture and other works of art.

Analogous

Adjacent hues on the color wheel

Impasto

An Italian word meaning paste. A thick and highly textured application of paint.

Implied texture

An illusionary experience.

Pattern

Any decorative, repetitive motif or design.

Actual Line

Are connected & continuous

Nonrepresentational

Art contains no reference to the natural world as we see it. This art is also referred to as nonobjective.

Sacred Realm

Art created for spiritual purpose, may only be understood by those of that culture

Abstract

Art distorts, exaggerates, or simplifies the natural world to provide essence or totality.

Representational

Art resembles forms found in the natural world.

Kinetic art

Art that actually moves

Atmospheric Perspective:

As objects recede into the distance they become paler, bluer, and less distinct

Color Wheel

Based on the refracted colors observed by Sir Isaac Newton when light was directed through a prism.

Charcoal

Charred wood. Varieties include vine and compressed charcoal.

Intensity

Chroma, Saturation) Relative purity of a color

Hatching

Closely spaced parallel lines.

Optical Color Mixture

Color that is mixed by the eyes

Additive Color

Colors of light mixed to produce still lighter colors.

Brush and Ink

Consists of very fine particles suspended in water. A binder like gum arabic holds the particles in suspension and helps adhere them to the drawing surface.

Pen and Ink

Consists of very fine particles suspended in water. A binder like gum arabic holds the particles in suspension and helps adhere them to the drawing surface.

Monochromatic

Variations of the same hue

Visual Rhythm

Depends on the repetition of accented elements, usually shapes.

Variety

Differences that provide interest and contrast.

Stippling

Dots spaced close or far apart to suggest darker or lighter areas

Implied Line

Dotted lines and directional cues such such as a finger pointing in a specific direction creating a line of sight

Gesso

For tempera it is a mixture of white pigment and glue applied to a support as the ground for the painting

Dry Media

Graphite, Metalpoint, Charcoal, Chalk, and Crayon, Pastel

Complementary

Hues directly opposite on the color wheel.

Looking Inward: Human Experience

Human Experience -what its like to be human -own internal world -envokes emotion

Alla Primav

Implies that the painting was completed all at once.

Illusionistic Space

Includes foreshortening, linear, isometric, and atmospheric perspective

Implied Space

Includes overlapping and position (foreground, middle-ground, background)

Tapestry

Involves interlacing 2 sets of thread at right angles to each other -One set is called the warp and the other the weft. In tapestry, the warp threads do not cross the weft, but are instead sown in place to create zones of color.

Fresco Secco

Italian for dry fresco or working on a dry plaster surface.

Chiaroscuro

Italian for light/dark; contrasts of light and shadow.

Mosaic

Made of closely spaced particles called tesserae imbedded in a binder like mortar or cement.

Crayon

Made of powdered pigments combined with a greasy or waxy binder

Buon Fresco

Means true fresco which is applying the pigment and water to a wet lime plaster surface.

Symmetrical Balance

Mirror image of shapes/forms on either side of an imaginary axial dividing line; elements correspond to one another in size, shape, and placement

Intermediate Colors (tertiary)

Mix a primary and adjacent secondary together

Hue

Name of the color

Secondary Colors

Orange, Green, Violet

Cross-hatching

Parallel lines intersect like a checkerboard

Liquid Media

Pen and Ink, Brush and Ink

Pastel

Pigment bound with a non-greasy binder

Watercolor:

Pigment in a vehicle of water and gum arabic. Its main characteristic is transparency.

Subtractive Color

Pigments of different hues mixed together result in darker and duller colors.

Visual Weight

Refers to an apparent "heaviness" or "lightness" of forms arranged in a composition

Disinterested Contemplation:

Refers to looking beyond the actual, practical, and personal in search of beauty and pleasure

Proportion

Refers to size relationships between parts of a whole or between two or more items perceived as a unit

Value

Relative lightness or darkness

Foreshortening

The affect of linear perspective when applied to objects and human forms within a work of art.

Context

The personal and social circumstance surrounding the making, viewing, and interpreting of a work of art; the varied connections of a work of art to the larger world of its time and place.

Unity

The sense of oneness, of things belonging together and making up a coherent whole.

Iconography

The story of a work of art including symbols or references, people, events, etc. which requires knowledge of a specific time, beliefs or culture; The identification, description, and interpretation of subject matter in art.

Emphasis

The viewer's attention will be centered more on certain parts of the composition than on others.

Form

The way a work looks.

Glaze

Thin layers of translucent color applied over opaque paint.

Three dimensional space

Three dimensional\

Asymmetrical Balance

Two sides that do not correspond to one another in size, shape, and placement.

Shading/Modeling

Using chiaroscuro or values to create mass.

Hierarchical Scale

Using size change to indicate relative importance.

Gouache

Watercolor with inert white pigment added. The added pigment creates opaque colors.

Content

What a work of art is about or its subject matter.

Historical and cultural context:

What impact did the time, place, and people—their institutions and beliefs—have upon the appearance of the art work?

Subject Matter:

What is the art work about? What does it mean? -Primary - Secondary - Symbolism - Iconography - Non-representational, non-objective, abstract

Medium and Technique

What is the work made out of? How was it made?

Purpose

Why and for whom was it made? What does it signify or express?

Primary Colors:

Yellow, Red, Blue

Shade

adding black to a color

Tint

adding white to a pigmented color

Binder

an ingredient that ensures that the paint will adhere to the surface),

Horizontal lines

appear calm.

Organic forms

are irregular and suggest forms found in nature.

Diagonal lines

are the most dramatic and imply action.

Texture and pattern

are the perceived surface qualities of a work of art

Aesthetic Experience

branch of philosophy w/ feelings aroused in us by sensory experience

Geometric forms

can be mathematically defined.

Encaustic

comes from the Greek word meaning burning in. -pigment mixed with wax and resin. -As the colors are heated, the wax melts and can be easily brushed onto a support where it hardens as it cools.

Drawing material

composed of a pigment (coloring) and a binder (substance that allows it to be shaped).

Oil paints

consist of pigment mixed typically with linseed oil (the binder) -As it slowly dries, a transparent film of suspended pigment is created.

Outline

defines a 2-dimensional shape

Actual light

existing light either natural or man-made.

Politics and Social Order

inform public, record a historic event, many society earthly order own by gods, pay tribute to king i.e. menakure, pharaohs, kings -protest/welfare=power historic scene

Space

interacts with other visual elements and helps give them definition

Collage

is a French word that means pasting or gluing. It refers to the technique of attaching actual objects to a support.

Line

is a path traced by a moving point

Rhythm

is based in repetition and is a basic part of our world.

Warm colors

located on red-orange side of the color wheel

Cool colors

located on the blue-green side of the color wheel.

Natural World

material for art encourages nature to participate

Stories & Histories

may not know cause of different time period/culture

Paper

originated as papyrus made from plant fibers

Light

purpose of light is to show us the material world

contour line

record boundaries and define more specifically what shapes represent

Vertical lines

seem assertive, or denote growth & strength.

Invention & Fantasy

sex& Jungle

Fresco

technique mixes pigments with water and is applied to a plaster support.

Creativity

the ability to produce something that is both innovative and useful within a given social context.

Illusionistic light

the impression of light created by the artist.

Ground

the negative shape or area sometimes considered the background of a work of art.

Figure

the positive shape on which visual focus is placed.

Tempera

uses an emulsion as a vehicle consisting of an aqueous liquid with an oil, fat, wax, or resin. Egg yolk is also used as a vehicle

Style

what aesthetic choices did the artist make in using the materials to convey his/her desired meaning and satisfy his/her purpose?

ground

which is a preliminary coating of paint applied to a surface of a painting or drawing