Biology: Chapter 32 Study Guide

Refer to the illustration above. In the diagram, the aorta is indicated by

"D"

Intercellular fluids are transported to the bloodstream by the a. renal circulation b. hepatic portal circulation c. respiratory circulation d. lymphatic system

...

Electrical impulses in the heart are relayed to the ventricles by the _____

A.V. Node

The _____ starts each contraction of the heart.

S.A. node

Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the _____

Tricuspid valve

if a blood vessel has valves, it is probably a- a vein b-an artery c- a venule d- part of the lymphatic system

a- a vein

red blood cells a-transport respiratory gases b-combat bacterial infection c-destroy viruses d-transport cholesterol

a-transport respiratory gases

an artery a-usually carries oxygen-rich blood b-has thin, slighly elastic walls c-has valves that prevent blood from flowing backward d-all of the above

a-usually carries oxygen-rich blooda

which type of blood vessel is both strong and elastic? a-capillary b-artery c-vein d-venule

b-artery

the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats is the ____ pressure a-systolic b-diastolic c-barometric d-residual

b-diastolic

vitamins, salts, and proteins: plasma solutes:: a-arteries and veins:lymphatic vessels b-erythocrytes and leukocytes:blood cells c-platelets and megakaryotes:leukocytes d-lymphocytes and macrophages: erythocytes

b-erythocrytes and leukocytes:blood cells

the heart chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae is the a-left atrium b-right atrium c-left ventricle d-right ventricle

b-right atrium

the force exerted against the arterial walls when the heart contracts is called a-hypertension b-systolic pressure c-diastolic presusre d-arterial relaxation

b-systolic pressure

the ventricles are a-the upper chambers of the heart b-the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body c-the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the lungs and the rest of the body d-lower chambers of the heart that contract separately

b-the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body

The _____ valve prevents blood from going from he left ventricle to the left atrium.

biscuspid valve

normal blood pressure in millimeters of mercury is a- 145/95 b-130/100 c-120/80 d-100/50

c-120/80

atherosclerosis is characterized by a-increased circulation to the heart b-larger muscles c-a narrowing of the inner walls of coronary arteries due to buildup of fatty materials d-a widening of inner walls of blood vessels as a result of a heart attack

c-a narrowing of the inner walls of coronary arteries due to buildup of fatty materials

vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called a-veins b-capillaries c-arteries d-venules

c-arteries

the iron-containing molecule in red blood cells is called a-plasma b-ferric oxide c-hemoglobin d-carbonic acid

c-hemoglobin

blood entering the right atrium a-is full of oxygen b-is returning from the lungs c-is deoxygenated d-is low in plasma and platelets

c-is deoxygenated

oxygenated blood from the lungs is received by the a-left ventricle b-right atrium c-left atrium d-right ventricle

c-left atrium

Refer to the illustration above. The cells shown in the diagram are a. filled with plasma b. platelets c. red blood cells d. white blood cells

c. red blood cells

_______ are the blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins

capillaries

Breathing is regulated mainly by response to the level of _____ detected in the blood.

carbon dioxide

Hemoglobin in red blood cells binds to both oxygen and _____

carbon dioxide

the _________ system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, food molecules, hormones, and other material to and from the cells of the body

circulatory

infections generally result in an increase in the number of a-leukocytes b-are the largest cells in the blood c-promote clotting d-alveoli

d- alveoli

cholesterol buildup: atherosclerosis:: a-iron buildup: atherosclerosis b- arteriosclerosis: the heart to work more easily c- low intake of saturated fats: heart attacks d- atherosclerosis : heart attacks

d- atherosclerosis : heart attacks

an artery has a much thicker muscle layer than a- a vein b-a capillary c-a venule d-all of the above

d-all of the above

an abnormality involcing the plateltes would probably affect the process of a-breathing b-locomotion c-fighting bacterial infections d-blood clotting

d-blood clotting

the smallest and most numerous blood vessels in the body are the a-venules b-veins c-arteries d-capillaries

d-capillaries

mature red blood cells a-can live for about a year b-are the largest cells in the blood c-promote clotting d-do not have a nucleus

d-do not have a nucleus

which of the following is NOT involved in the formation of blood clots? a-platelt congregation at the site of rupture of a blood vessel b-release of clotting factors from platelets c-production of fibrin, a protein d-formation of fibrin-red blood cell complexes that circulate in the blood and are too large to move though ruptured blood vessel walls

d-formation of fibrin-red blood cell complexes that circulate in the blood and are too large to move though ruptured blood vessel walls

pulmonary circulation is the flow of blood to and from the a-stomach b-liver c-intestines d-lungs

d-lungs

defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by foreign substances is a function of a-red blood cells b-plasma c-platelets d-white blood cells

d-white blood cells

Refer to the illustration above. The cells shown in the diagram a. can live for at least a year b. are the largest cells in the circulatory system c. promote clotting d. contain hemoglobin

d. contain hemoglobin

When you swallow, the ____ prevents food from entering the trachea.

epiglottis

Red blood cells are called _____

erythrocytes

When the diaphragm and the rib muscles contract, enlarging the chest cavity, ______ occurs.

expiration

The condition that results when blood pressure is consitently higher than normals is called _____

hypertension

Refer to the illustration above. In the diagram, blood in chamber "A"

is full of oxygen

Excess fluids and proteins in the body are returned to the blood by a system of vessels called the _____ system

lymphatic

The primary role or hemoglobin in the blood is to carry _____.

oxygen

The major function of _____ is to assist in the blood clotting process.

platletes

Antigens determining blood type are carried on the surface of _______.

red blood cells

The flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs is called _______ circulation.

systemic

Refer to the illustration above. The vessels indicated by "C" in the diagram carry deoxygenated blood. The vessels are

the pulmonary arteries

Refer to the illustration above. The chamber in the diagram indicated by "F" is

the right atrium

The ______ is a long, straight tube that carries air from the back of the throat to the lungs.

trachea

The largest vein in the human body is the

vena cava

systolic pressure is caused by contraction of the heart's _____

ventricles

Defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by other foreign substances is the function of _____ blood cells.

white