Ch. 35 ACCUSH
Battle of Midway
Crucial naval battle of June 1942, in which US Admiral Chester Nimitz blocked the Japanese attempt to conquer a strategic island near Hawaii
Henry A. Wallace
FDR's liberal vice president during most of World War II, dumped from the ticket in 1944
A majority of women who worked in wartime factories stayed in the labor force after the war ended.
False
A substantial minority of Americans, particularly those of German, Japanese, and Italian descent, opposed American entry into World War II.
False
America's major strategic decision in World War II was to attack Japan first, while holding off Hitler's Germany until later.
False
American citizens at home had endure serious economic deprivations during World War II.
False
Franklin Roosevelt's death caused a period of hesitation in the Allied war effort and raised German hopes of a negotiated settlement of the war.
False
Liberal Democrats rallied to dump Vice President Henry Wallace from FDR's ticket in 1944 and replace him with Senator Harry S Truman.
False
The American strategy in the Pacific was to encircle Japan by flank movements from Burma and Alaska.
False
The Japanese navy established its domination of the Pacific sea-lanes in the 1942 battles of Coral Sea and Midway.
False
While their Soviet ally was still reeling from Hitler's invasion in the first years of the war, Britain and the United States bore the heaviest burden of Allied ground fighting and causalities.
False
Albert Einstein
German-born physicist who helped persuade Roosevelt to develop the atomic bomb
Teheran
Iranian capital where Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin met to plan D-Day coordination with Russian strategy against Hitler in the East (June 6, 1944)
Hirohito
Japanese emperor who was allowed to stay on his throne, despite unconditional surrender policy
Thomas E. Dewey
Republican presidential nominee in 1944 who failed in his effort to deny FDR a fourth term
Battle of the Bulge
The December 1944 German offensive that marked Hitler's last chance to stop the Allied advance
Manhattan Project
The top-secret project to develop the atomic bomb
At the Teheran Conference in 1943, Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt planned the D-Day invasion and developed the final strategy for winning the war.
True
By pushing for complete conquest and total destruction of the German government, the Allied policy of unconditional surrender guaranteed that Germany's economy and society would have to be rebuilt from the ground up after the war.
True
Government-run rationing and wage-price controls contributed to America's ability to meet the economic challenges of the war.
True
New sources of labor such as women and Mexican braceros helped overcome the human-resources shortage during World War II.
True
The United States modified its demand for unconditional surrender by allowing Japan to keep its emperor, Hirohito.
True
World War II stimulated massive black migration to the North and West and encouraged black demands for greater equality.
True
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)
US ally who resisted Japanese advances in China during World War II
Philippines
US- owned Pacific archipelago seized by Japan in the early months of World War II
WAACS & WAVES
Women's units of the army and navy during World War II
Japanese
a US minority that was forced into concentration camps during World War II
War Production Board
a federal agency that coordinated the US industry and successfully mobilized the economy to produce vast quantities of military supplies
Winston Churchill
allied leader who met with FDR to plan strategy at Casablanca and Teheran
Dwight D.Eisenhower
commander of the Allied military assault against Hitler in North Africa and France
Douglas MacArthur
commander of the US Army in the Pacific during World War II, who fulfilled his promise to return to the Philippines
Chester W. Nimitz
commander of the US naval forces in the Pacific and brilliant strategist of the island-hopping campaign
Unconditional Surrender
controversial US-British demand on Germany and Japan that substituted for a second front
Bracero Program
government arrangement whereby substantial numbers of Mexican workers were temporarily brought into the United States to provide agricultural labor
A. Philip Randolph
head of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters whose threatened march on Washington opened job opportunities for blacks during World War II
Harry S Truman
inconspicuous former senator form Missouri who was suddenly catapulted to national and world leadership on April 12, 1945
Henry J. Kaiser
leading American industrialist and shipbuilder during World War II
Casablanca
site of 1943 Roosevelt-Churchill conference in North Africa, at which the Big Two planned the invasion of Italy and further steps in the Pacific war
Rosie the Riveter
symbolic personification of female laborers who took factory jobs in order to sustain US production during World War II
Joseph Stalin
the allied leader who constantly pressured the United States and Britain to open a second front against Hitler
Fair Employment Practices Commissions
the federal agency established to guarantee opportunities for African American employment in World War II industries
Iwo Jima & Okinawa
the last two heavily defended Japanese islands conquered by the United States near the end of World War II in 1945
Erwin Rommel
top German general in North Africa whose advance was finally halted at El Alamein by British General Montgomery
John L. Lewis
tough head of the United Mine Workers, whose work stoppages precipitated antistrike laws