ch20

Which of the following statements is true?

All lymphocytes are leukocytes

Which of the following is not a reason for erythrocytes' flattened "doughnut" shape?

It allows them to fit together with leukocytes to facilitate the transport of both.

Surface antigens are

agglutinogens

Which is the least common type of white blood cell?

basophil

Macrophages, Langerhans cells, and microglia are types of

monocytes

Formed elements include which of the following?

red blood cells

Platelets can initiate the clotting process by

releasing enzymes and other factors at the appropriate times.

Slightly less than one percent of the RBC population are (the)

reticulocytes

For erythropoiesis to proceed normally, the progenitor cells must receive adequate supplies of which of the following? (1) amino acids (2) calcium (3) iron (4) vitamin B12 (5) vitamin K (6) vitamin A

1,3,4

Which of the following would be classified as hypervolemic for the average adult male?

8 liters

________ exists when the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced.

Anemia

Besides transporting respiratory gases, what other functions are performed by erythrocytes?

None; transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide is their only function.

The blood type that could be given to anyone without the risk of a cross reaction is

O

Why is oxygen able to diffuse out of the bloodstream and into the peripheral tissues passively?

There is a lower concentration of oxygen in the tissues than in the bloodstream.

Which of the following is(are) true of leukocytes?

They are attracted to the specific chemical stimuli emitted by invading pathogens, damaged tissues, and other white blood cells.

To find out the amount of each type of leukocyte it is necessary to do

a differential count

What type of tissue is blood?

connective tissue

The molecule that binds oxygen contains globin proteins with four attached

heme groups

The administration of antibodies to a pregnant women with Rh- blood is used to prevent

hemolytic disease of the newborn.

A condition related to the insufficient production of clotting factors is known as

hemophilia.

The leukocyte with small granules that stain with both types of stain is the

neutrophil

A round cell whose nucleus resembles a string of beads is a(n)

neutrophil.

Progenitor cells form

only specific types of blood cells.

Rh antigen is also called

the D agglutinogen

The blood type of an individual is determined at the cellular level by

the presence or absence of specific components in the erythrocyte plasmalemmas

When an agglutinin meets its specific agglutinogen, what will occur?

the red blood cells will clump together in a process called agglutination.

Blood assists in defending the body against toxins and pathogens by

transporting white blood cells to injury or infection sites.

Eosinophils

are phagocytic cells

Lymphocytes

are responsible for specific immunity

The white blood cells that contain granules with histamine are called

basophils

What blood cell type is activated in response to a damaged blood vessel?

basophils

Which of the following lab values is in the normal range for adults?

blood temperature about 100-100.5 degrees

The process of moving toward an area due to chemical signals is called

diapedesis

During development, some embryonic blood cells

differentiate into stem cells.

A low red cell count could cause which of the following problems?

diminished transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Composition of the plasma and the interstitial fluid differs chiefly in the concentration of

dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide.

The hormone erythropoietin is produced and secreted

during hypoxic conditions.

A round cell with distinct bright orange-red granules is called a(n)

eosinophil.

What formed element in the blood is flattened and circular, lacks a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes, and is red in color because of the presence of hemoglobin?

erythrocyte

Which blood cells lacks a nucleus?

erythrocyte

The class of protein involved in clotting is (the)

fibrinogens

Plasma proteins that are important in body defense are the

immunoglobulins.

A sample of damaged tissue indicated the presence of eosinophils. This finding signifies that the tissue is

infected by parasites

Plasma protein attached to cholesterol is a form of

lipoprotein

Myeloid stem cells produce all of the following formed elements except:

lymphocytes

The major differences between plasma and interstitial fluid include

plasma has a much higher protein concentration.

The plasma of the blood contains about 7%

plasma proteins

Which of the following formed element is required for hemostasis?

platelets

An elevated hematocrit constitutes what condition?

polycythemia

Which of the following prevents an erythrocyte from using the oxygen it carries?

the lack of a mitochondria